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Ancient mitochondrial genome depicts sheep maternal dispersal and migration in Eastern Asia

Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第1期51卷 87-95页

作者： Liu Yang Xing zhang Yaning Hu Piao Zhu Hua Li Zhenyu Peng hai xiang Xinying Zhou Xingbo Zhao National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding Key Laboratory of AnimalGeneticsBreeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding School of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanGuangdong 528225China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong 518083China Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

Sheep have been one of the most important groups of animals since ancient times.However,the knowledge of their migration routes and genetic relationships is still poorly understood.To investigate sheep maternal migration histories alongside Eurasian communications routes,in this study,we obtain mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes)from 17 sheep remains in 6 Chinese sites and 1 Uzbekistan site dated 4429–3100 years before present(BP).By obtaining the mitogenomes from the sheep(4429–3556 BP)found in the Tongtian Cave site in Xinjiang,Altai region of northwest China,our results support the emergence of haplogroup C sheep in Xinjiang as early as 4429–3556 BP.The combined phylogenetic analyses with extant ancient and modern sheep mitogenomes suggest that the Uzbekistan-Altai region may have been a migration hub for early sheep in eastern Asia.At least two migration events have taken place for sheep crossing Eurasia to China,one passing by Uzbekistan and Northwest China to the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River at approximately 4000 BP and another following the Altai region to middle Inner Mongolia from 4429 BP to 2500 BP.Overall,this study provides further evidence for early sheep utilization and migration patterns in Eastern Asia.

关键词： Sheep Ancient DNA Eastern Asia Mitochondrial genome Migration Altai

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Pre-combustion mercury removal with co-production of hydrogen via coal electrolysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 382-389页

作者： xiang Lyu Runming Tao Tianyu zhang Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department Ohio University165 Stocker CenterAthensOH45701USA Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control&Eco-remediation College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Pre-combustion mercury removal via coal electrolysis was performed and investigated on a bench-scale coal electrolytic cell(CEC)systemically,and factorial design was used to determine the effect of different operating conditions(coal particle size,operating temperature,operating cell voltage,and flow rate of slurry)on the percentage of mercury removal,percentage of ash removal,and dry heating value change.The results showed that the operating cell voltage,as well as the interaction between operating cell voltage and coal particle size,are significant factors in the percentage of mercury removal.There is no significant factor in the percentage of ash removal and the dry heating value change,but the coal could be purified while keeping the dry heating value almost constant after electrolysis.A co-product of hydrogen could be produced during coal electrolysis with 50%lower energy consumption compared with water electrolysis.Meanwhile,a mechanism for mercury removal in coal was proposed.The facts indicate that coal electrolysis is a promising method for precombustion mercury removal.

关键词： Pre-combustion mercury removal Coal electrolysis Ash removal Dry heating value Hydrogen production

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Meta-analysis of factors influencing anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期15卷 180-191页

作者： Hui Feng Ming-Li Feng Jing-Bo Cheng xiang zhang hai-Cheng Tao Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China

BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a mature procedure recommended for correcting knee osteoarthritis deformity,relieving pain,and restoring normal biomechanics.Although TKA is a successful and cost-effective procedure,patient dissatisfaction is as high as 50%.Knee pain after TKA is a significant cause of patient dissatisfaction;the most common location for residual pain is the anterior region.Between 4%and 40%of patients have anterior knee pain(AKP).AIM To investigate the effect of various TKA procedures on postoperative AKP.METHODS We searched PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane from January 2000 to September 2022.Randomized controlled trials with one intervention in the experimental group and no corresponding intervention(or other interventions)in the control group were collected.Two researchers independently read the title and abstract of the studies,preliminarily screened the articles,and read the full text in detail according to the selection criteria.Conflicts were resolved by consultation with a third researcher.And relevant data from the included studies were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager 5.4 software.RESULTS There were 25 randomized controlled trials;13 were comparative studies with or without patellar resurfacing.The meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups(P=0.61).Six studies were comparative studies of circumpatellar denervation vs non-denervation,divided into three subgroups for meta-analysis.The two-subgroup meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the experimental and the control groups(P=0.31,P=0.50).One subgroup meta-analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups(P=0.001).Two studies compared fixed-bearing TKA and mobile-bearing TKA;the results meta-analysis showed no significant difference between the experimental and control groups(P=0.630).Two studies compared lateral retinacular release vs non-release;the meta-analysis showed a significant difference between the experimental and c

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Anterior knee pain Knee osteoarthritis Interventions Meta-analysis

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Dual-ion carrier storage through Mg^(2+) addition for high-energy and long-life zinc-ion hybrid capacitor

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 179-185页

作者： Junjie zhang xiang Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China

Cation additives can efficiently enhance the total electrochemical capabilities of zinc-ion hybrid capacitors (ZHCs).However their energy storage mechanisms in zinc-based systems are still under debate.Herein,we modulate the electrolyte and achieve dual-ion storage by adding magnesium ions.And we assemble several Zn//activated carbon devices with different electrolyte concentrations and investigate their electrochemical reaction dynamic behaviors.The zinc-ion capacitor with Mg^(2+)mixed solution delivers 82 mAh·g^(-1)capacity at 1 A·g^(-1) and maintains 91%of the original capacitance after 10000 cycling.It is superior to the other assembled zinc-ion devices in single-component electrolytes.The finding demonstrates that the double-ion storage mechanism enables the superior rate performance and long cycle lifetime of ZHCs.

关键词： zinc-ion hybrid capacitor MgSO_(4) electrolyte rate performance storage mechanism

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Manipulating the Phase Transition Behavior of Dual Temperature-Responsive Block Copolymers by Adjusting Composition and Sequence

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第2期42卷 176-187,I0006页

作者： Zhi Zou xiang Xu hai-Tao Zhao Jian-Nan Cheng Wei-Wei He Li-Fen zhang Zhen-Ping Cheng Suzhou key Laboratory of Macromolecular Design and Precision Synthesis Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and ApplicationState and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric MaterialsCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences(RAD-X)and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of JiangsuSoochow UniversitySuzhou215123China

Temperature-responsive polymers have garnered significant attention due to their ability to respond to external stimuli.In this work,dual temperature-responsive block copolymers are synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization(RAFT)polymerization utilizing zwitterionic monomer methacryloyl ethyl sulfobetaine(SBMA) and N-isopropyl acrylamide(NIPAAm) as monomers.The thermal responsive behaviors can be easily modulated by incorporating additional hydrophobic monomer benzyl acrylate(BN) or hydrophilic monomer acrylic acid(AA),adjusting concentration or pH,or varying the degree of polymerization of the block chain segments.The cloud points of the copolymers are determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry,and these copolymers exhibit both controlled upper and lower critical solu bility temperatures(LCST and UCST) in aqueous solution.This study analyzes and summarizes the influencing factors of dual temperature responsive block copolymers by exploring the effects of various conditions on the phase transition temperature of temperature-sensitive polymers to explore the relationship between their properties and environment and structure to make them more selective in terms of temperature application range and regulation laws.It is very interesting that the introduction of poly-acrylic acid(PAA) segments in the middle of di-block copolymer PSBMA_(55)-b-PNIPAAm_(80) to form PSBMA_(55)-b-PAA_(x)-b-PNIPAAm_(80) results in a reversal of temperature-responsive behaviors from 'U'(LCST UCST) type,while the copolymer PSBMA_(55)-b-P(NIPAAm_(80)-co-AA_(x)) not.This work provides a clue for tuning the phase transition behavior of polymers for manufacture of extreme smart materials.

关键词： Temperature responsive polymers High critical solubility temperature(UCST) Low critical solubility temperature(LCST) Block copolymers

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Effective assignment of positional isomers in dimeric shikonin and its analogs by ^(1)H NMR spectroscopy

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 223-226页

作者： Ling-Hao Zhao hai-Wei Yan Jian-Shuang Jiang Xu zhang xiang Yuan Ya-Nan Yang Pei-Cheng zhang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

An approach for distinguishing two types of positional isomers of dimeric shikonin and its analogs was explored with ^(4)JC,H long-range correlation by prolonging the acquisition time at ^(2,3)JC,H values of 2.0 and 8.0Hz.Furthermore,the ^(1)H(proton)nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)pattern of phenolic hydroxyl protons was developed as a“diagnosis signal”to ascertain the relative location of each side chain in DMSO-d_(6) at sample concentrations of 0.022-0.034 mol/L.The chemical shift differences of 0.6ppm between OH-5' and OH-1 and between OH-8'and OH-4 are assigned to Type A and Type B,respectively.All reported ambiguous structures were corrected by this pattern.Additionally,the steric structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism(ECD)spectra.

关键词： Arnebia euchroma Dimeric hydroxyl naphthoquinones Positional isomers ^(1)H NMR spectroscopy Chemical shift difference

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Probiotics intervention in colorectal cancer:From traditional approaches to novel strategies

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第1期137卷 8-20页

作者： Suki Ha xiang zhang Jun Yu Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics State Key Laboratory of Digestive DiseaseLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

The intestine harbors a large population of microorganisms that interact with epithelial cells to maintain host healthy physiological status.These intestinal microbiota engage in the fermentation of non-digestible nutrients and produce beneficial metabolites to regulate host homeostasis,metabolism,and immune response.The disruption of microbiota,known as dysbiosis,has been implicated in many intestinal diseases,including colorectal cancer(CRC).As the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide,CRC poses a significant health burden.There is an urgent need for novel interventions to reduce CRC incidence and improve clinical outcomes.Modulating the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a promising approach for CRC prevention and treatment.Current research efforts in CRC probiotics primarily focus on reducing the incidence of CRC,alleviating treatment-related side effects,and potentiating the efficacy of anticancer therapy,which is the key to successful translation to clinical practice.This paper aims to review the traditional probiotics and new interventions,such as next-generation probiotics and postbiotics,in the context of CRC.The underlying mechanisms of probiotic anti-cancer effects are also discussed,including the restoration of microbial composition,reinforcement of gut barrier integrity,induction of cancer cell apoptosis,inactivation of carcinogens,and modulation of host immune response.This paper further evaluates the novel strategy of probiotics as an adjuvant therapy in boosting the efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy.Despite all the promising findings presented in studies,the evaluation of potential risks,optimization of delivery methods,and consideration of intra-patient variability of gut microbial baseline must be thoroughly interpreted before bench-to-bedside translation.

关键词： colorectal cancer probiotics gut microbiota dysbiosis adjuvant therapy immune modulation gut barrrier

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Sinomenine increases osteogenesis in mice with ovariectomyinduced bone loss by modulating autophagy

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第5期16卷 486-498页

作者： hai-xiang Xiao Lei Yu Yu Xia Kai Chen Wen-Ming Li Gao-Ran Ge Wei zhang Qing zhang Hong-Tao zhang De-Chun Geng Department of Orthopedics The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou Dushu Lake HospitalMedical Centre of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Jingjiang People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou UniversityJingjiang 214500Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics Hai’an People’s HospitalHai’an 226600Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityHuai’an Second People’s HospitalXuzhou 223002Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND A decreased autophagic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells(BMSCs)has been suggested to be an important cause of decreased osteogenic differentiation.A pharmacological increase in autophagy of BMSCs is a potential therapeutic option to increase osteoblast viability and ameliorate osteoporosis.AIM To explore the effects of sinomenine(SIN)on the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS For in vitro experiments,BMSCs were extracted from sham-treated mice and ovariectomized mice,and the levels of autophagy markers and osteogenic differentiation were examined after treatment with the appropriate concen-trations of SIN and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine.In vivo,the therapeutic effect of SIN was verified by establishing an ovariectomy-induced mouse model and by morphological and histological assays of the mouse femur.RESULTS SIN reduced the levels of AKT and mammalian target of the rapamycin(mTOR)phosphorylation in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway,inhibited mTOR activity,and increased autophagy ability of BMSCs,thereby promoting the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and effectively alleviating bone loss in ovariectomized mice in vivo.CONCLUSION The Chinese medicine SIN has potential for the treatment of various types of osteoporosis,bone homeostasis disorders,and autophagy-related diseases.

关键词： Sinomenine Osteogenesis Autophagy Ovariectomy Osteoporosis

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Experimentally Ruling Out Joint Reality Based on Locality with Device-Independent Steering

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 1-5页

作者： Shuaining zhang xiang zhang Zhiyue Zheng Wei zhang Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

As an essential concept to understand the world,whether the real values(or physical realities)of observables are suitable to physical systems beyond the classic has been debated for many decades.Although standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables,the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system(not necessarily quantum)with weaker assumptions and less observables has been explored and proposed recently.Here,we perform a device-independent experiment on a two-qubit superconducting system to show that the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under the weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region(or single qubit).Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria.In addition,we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic decoherence.Our demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundaries with simpler nontrivial quantum system.

关键词： observable quantum system

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The spectrum and stability of travelling pulses in a coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo equation

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第5期67卷 975-1010页

作者： Qi Qiao xiang zhang School of Mathematical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory of Scientific and Engineering Computing(Ministry of Education) and Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Modern Analysis(CMA-Shanghai)Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

For a coupled slow-fast FitzHugh-Nagumo(FHN)equation derived from a reaction-diffusionmechanics(RDM)model,Holzer et al.(2013)studied the existence and stability of the travelling pulse,which consists of two fast orbit arcs and two slow ones,where one fast segment passes the unique fold point with algebraic decreasing and two slow ones follow normally hyperbolic critical curve segments.Shen and zhang(2021)obtained the existence of the travelling pulse,whose two fast orbit arcs both exponentially decrease,and one of the slow orbit arcs could be normally hyperbolic or not at the origin.Here,we characterize both the nonlinear and spectral stability of this travelling pulse.

关键词： coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo equation singular perturbation travelling pulse spectrum nonlinear stability spectral stability

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