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Remimazolam for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A comprehensive review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 385-395页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Ganesh Kumar Syeda Parsa Manesh Kumar Gangwani hassam Ali Amir humza Sohail Saqr Alsakarneh Umar hayat Sheza Malik yash R Shah Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Sahib Singh Islam Mohamed Adishwar Rao Saurabh Chandan Mohammad Al-haddad Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityMO 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Chandka Medical CollegeSindh 77280Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai hospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie Robert Packer HospitalSayrePA 18840United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Worldwide,a majority of routine endoscopic procedures are performed under some form of sedation to maximize patient ***,benzodiazepines and opioids continue to be widely ***,in recent years,Remimazolam is gaining immense popularity for procedural sedation in gastrointestinal(GI)*** is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine sedative which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2020 for use in procedural *** has shown a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in terms of its non-specific metabolism by tissue esterase,volume of distribution,total body clearance,and negligible drug-drug *** also has satisfactory efficacy and has achieved high rates of successful sedation in GI ***,studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of Remimazolam is non-inferior to Propofol,which is currently a gold standard for procedural sedation in most parts of the ***,the use of Propofol is associated with hemodynamic instability and respiratory *** contrast,Remimazolam has lower incidence of these adverse effects intra-procedurally and hence,may provide a safer alternative to Propofol in procedural *** this comprehensive narrative review,highlight the pharmacologic characteristics,efficacy,and safety of Remimazolam for procedural *** also discuss the potential of Remimazolam as a suitable alternative and how it can shape the future of procedural sedation in gastroenterology.

关键词： Remimazolam Endoscopy Sedation Outcomes Efficacy Safety Pharmacokinetics

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Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with electro-optic modulators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 450-457页

作者： Ming Yan Pei-Ling Luo Kana Iwakuni Guy Millot Theodor W hänsch Nathalie Picqué Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik 85748 GarchingGermany Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München80799 MünchenGermany Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne UMR 6303 CNRS-Univ.Bourgogne Franche-ComtéF-21078 DijonFrance Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay(ISMO) CNRSUniv.Paris-SudUniversitéParis-SaclayF-91405 OrsayFrance

Absorption spectroscopy of fundamental ro-vibrational transitions in the mid-infrared region provides a powerful tool for studying the structure and dynamics of molecules in the gas phase and for sensitive and quantitative gas *** frequency combs permit novel approaches to perform broadband molecular *** dual-comb spectroscopy without moving parts can achieve particularly high speed,sensitivity and ***,achieving Doppler-limited resolution in the mid-infrared still requires overcoming instrumental *** we demonstrate a new approach based on difference-frequency generation of frequency-agile near-infrared frequency combs that are produced using electro-optic *** combs have a remarkably flat intensity distribution,and their positions and line spacings can be freely selected by simply dialing a *** the proposed technique,we record,in the 3-μm region,Doppler-limited absorption spectra with resolved comb lines within milliseconds,and precise molecular line parameters are *** technique holds promise for fast and sensitive time-resolved studies of,for example,trace gases.

关键词： Fourier transform spectroscopy frequency comb mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy

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Review of the current targeted therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第4期5卷 576-587页

作者： Kim-Son h Nguyen Joel W Neal heather Wakelee Division of Oncology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305 United States Division of Oncology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine StanfordCA 94305 United States

The last decade has witnessed the development of oncogene-directed targeted therapies that have significantly changed the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). In this paper we review the data demonstrating efficacy of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib, which target the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), and crizotinib which targets anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK). We discuss the challenge of acquired resistance to these small-molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors and review promising agents which may overcome resistance, including the EGFR T790 Mtargeted agents CO-1686 and AZD9291, and the ALKtargeted agents ceritinib(LDK378), AP26113, alectinib(Ch/ro5424802), and others. Emerging therapies directed against other driver oncogenes in NSCLC including roS1, hER2, and BRAF are covered as well. The identification of specific molecular targets in a significant fraction of NSCLC has led to the personalized deployment of many effective targeted therapies, with more to come.

关键词： Lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer Targeted therapies Epidermal growth factor receptor Epidermal growth factor receptor Anaplastic lymphoma kinase Anaplastic lymphoma kinase Acquired resistance

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Applications of Galilei Covariant Electrodynamics to VacuumSubstratum Phenomena in Absolute Space and Time

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 1995年第4期6卷 59-85页

作者： h E. Wilhelm (AED-Technologies, Thermopolis, WY 82443, U.S. A) AED-Technologies Thermopolis WY 82443 U. S. A

The Galilei covariant generalizations of the EM field equations (1984) (including moving media), Schroedinger, and Dirac (1985, 1993) equations for inertial frames S(w) with substratum velocity w are re- viewed. By G-covariant electrodynamics, physical variables, e.g., rod length, clock rate, particle mass, momentum, and energy are G-invariants, determined by the object velocity v-w= vo=G-inv relative to the substratum frame, So(w=0) [v=object velocity relative to observer in S(w)] Galilean measurements using standard (i) contracted rods and (ii) retarded clocks, anisotropic light propagation, and conservation of EM energy and momentum in IFs S(w) are discussed. Fundamental experiments are formulated which permit measurement of substratum (w) induced EM and charge fields, the substratum velocity w, and verification of the G-invariance of the magnetic field, B= Bo=G-inv. The G-invariant Lagrangian and hamiltonian of a charged particle in EM fields, and the momentum and energy conservation equations in Particle collisions are given for velocities |v-w|he EM Doppler effects for moving source or moving observer are shown to exhibit measurable substratum effects. The spectral lines from a recoiling atom exhibit superimposed Doppler and substratum (w) shifts. The measurable substratum effects in the (i) aberration of light and (ii) reflection of light from a moving mirror are evaluated. The EM fields of accelerated charges in the substratum flow w are given, and applied to the anisotropic emission of x-rays in IFs S(w). G-covariant electrodynamics is examined for subluminal and superluminal electron velocities. Both the Cerenkov effect in (i) dielectrics for Iv--wl> c(ro) and (ii) vacuum for |v-w| > co are relative to the substratum So, and demonstrate the anisotropy of the vacuum in IFs S(w). G-covariant electrodynamics (relative to substratum) contains Lorentz covariant electrodynamics (relative to observer) in the special case w = 0 (So).

关键词： Vacuum substratum Galilei covariance Electrodynamics Quantum mechanics Substratum effects Substratum experiments Failure of special relativity.

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Performance evaluation of polyamide reverse osmosis membranes incorporated silica nanoparticles for concentrating peach juice:An invitro evaluation

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Food Bioscience 2022年第4期48卷 646-656页

作者： X.Li Fuping Zheng R.Mohammadi M.h.Jazebizadeh D.Semiromi School of Marine and Biological Engineering Yancheng Teachers UniversityJiangsu224007China Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing100048China Department of Chemical Engineering Shiraz BranchIslamic Azad UniversityShirazIran Department of Mechanical Engineering Khomeinishahr BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKhomeinishahrIran

In this study,a mixture of water and peach juice is used as feed for the reverse osmosis(ro)*** sheet,polyester sulfone polymer and polyamide from interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine(MPD)and trimesoyl chloride(TMC)monomers with silica nanoparticles are used to produce the membrane.A solution of Poly(ether sulfone)(PES)is prepared in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP)solvent with 10 wt%,15 wt%,and 20 wt%and the addition of 0.5 wt%,1.5 wt%,and 3 wt%of silica *** electron microscope(SEM)and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)analysis are used to evaluate the morphology and functional groups of the prepared *** to the SEM images,it is observed that the membrane consists of three layers and the polyamide layer(surface)of the membrane,is responsible for the main separation is dense hills and valleys’surface *** polyester sulfone layer(middle)has finger-shaped porosity and the obtained results of the contact angle test show that with increasing silica nanoparticles,the membrane becomes more hydrophilic and the angle decreases as the polyester sulfone layer(middle)have finger-shaped *** bonds formed in the resulting membrane structure were identified,including sulfonylide,polyamide,and silica *** results of the contact angle test show that as the silica nanoparticle increases,the membrane became more hydrophilic and the angle was *** sample with 3%nanoparticles has the lowest angle and the highest level of hydrophilicity,followed by the membrane 151.5,which has 1.5%nanoparticles,and then the membrane 150 without nanoparticles.

关键词： Reverse osmosis Concentration Membrane Silica nanoparticles Polyamide

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Tailoring nanocomposite membranes of cellulose acetate/silica nanoparticles for desalination

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第6期8卷 1122-1130页

作者： Amira S.Mohammed Ali Moataz M.Soliman Sherif h.Kandil Shaker Ebrahim Marwa Khalil Materials Science Department Institute of Graduate Studies and Research(IGSR)Alexandria University163 Horrya AvenueEl-ShatbyP.O.Box 83221526AlexandriaEgypt Nanotechnology and Composite Materials Department Advanced Technology and New Materials Research InstituteCity of Scientific Research and Technological Applications(SRTA-City)P.O.Box 21934New Borg El Arab CityAlexandriaEgypt

herein, the fabrication of cellulose acetate (CA) silica-based nanocomposite membranes via the dry-wetphase inversion procedure for water desalination was investigated. The modified and unmodified silicananoparticles (MSNPs and SNPs) were prepared by the sol-gel technique. The effect of the SNPs andMSNPs was investigated on the CA membrane's properties and their performance for water *** CA nanocomposite membranes were characterized to study their structure, hydrophilicity, andmorphology. The fabricated nanocomposite membranes showed hydrophilic surface properties. Theperformance of reverse osmosis (ro) membranes was measured using a crossflow ro unit at 10 bar(1 bar = 0.1 MPa). The membrane with 10 mg of SNPs enhanced permeate water flux compared to thepristine CA membrane by 1.6 L/(m2·h). The effect of MSNPs on the nanocomposites' performance waslower than their counterpart in the case of adding SNPs. The membrane with 30 mg of MSNPs showedthe highest permeate water flux among other nanocomposite membranes with a value oAQSf 35.7 L/(m2·h)at 24 bar.

关键词： Silica nanoparticles Amino-modified silica Cellulose acetate Nanocomposite membrane Water desalination Reverse osmosis

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Strain-induced the dark current characteristics in InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱ superlattice for mid-wave detector

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Journal of Semiconductors 2020年第6期41卷 35-38页

作者： h.J.Lee S.Y.Ko Y.h.Kim J.Nah i3system Inc.26-32Gajeongbuk-roDaejeon34113Yuseong-guKorea Department of Electrical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Yuseong-guKorea

Type-Ⅱsuperlattice(T2SL)materials are the key element for infrared(IR)***,it is well known that the characteristics of the detectors with the T2SL layer are greatly affected by the strain developed during the growth process,which determines the performance of IR ***,great efforts have been made to properly control the strain effect and develop relevant analysis methods to evaluate the strain-induced dark current *** this work,we report the strain-induced dark current characteristics in InAs/GaSb T2SL MWIR *** overall strain of InAs/GaSb T2SL layer was analyzed by both high-resolution X-ray diffraction(hRXRD)and the dark current measured from the absorber layer at the elevated temperatures(≥110 K),where the major leakage current component is originated from the reduced minority carrier lifetime in the absorber *** findings indicate that minority carrier lifetime increases as the tensile strain on the InAs/GaSb T2SL is more compensated by the compressive strain through‘InSb-like’interface,which reduces the dark current density of the ***,tensile strain compensated devices exhibited the dark current density of less than 2×10^-5 A/cm^2 at 120 K,which is more than one order of magnitude lower value compared to that of the device without tensile strain relaxation.

关键词： mid-wave detector InAs/GaSb typeⅡsuper lattice dark current

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Chinese solid ITER TBM and Related Technologies

Chinese solid ITER TBM and Related Technologies

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第十三届全国核物理大会暨第八届会员代表大会

作者： K.M.Feng C.h.Pan G.S.Zhang X.Y.Wang T.Yuan Z.Chen G.hu Z.Zhao Z.Q.Li C.M.Gao h.B.Liu G.Y.Zheng Southwestern Institute of Physics,ro.Box 432,Chengdu 610041,RR.China

ITER will play a very important role in first integrated blanket testing in fusion *** DEMO blanket relevant technologies,such as tritium self-sufficiency, extraction of high-grade heat,design criteria,safety requirem...

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Convective heat transfer from two rotating circular cylinders in tandem arrangement by using lattice Boltzmann method

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2012年第4期33卷 427-444页

作者： h. NEMATI M. FARhADI K. SEDIGhI M. M. PIroUZ N. N. ABATARI Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology

The numerical investigation of the two-dimensional laminar flow past two ro- tating circular cylinders in the tandem arrangement is conducted by the lattice Boltzmann method. The numerical strategy is used for dealing with curved and moving boundaries of the second-order accuracy for velocity and temperature fields. The effects of various rotational speed ratios and gap spacing are studied with the Reynolds number of 100 and the Prandtl number of 0.71. A varied range of rotational speed ratios are investigated for four different gap spacing, i.e., 3.0, 1.5, 0.7, and 0.2. The results show that, for the first cylinder, the lift and drag coefficients for large gap spacing are similar to those for a single cylinder; for the second cylinder, the lift coefficient descends with the increase in the angular velocity for all gap spacing, while the drag coefficient ascends except for the gap spacing of 3.0. The results of the averaged periodic Nusselt number on the surface of the cylinders show that, for small distances between the cylinders and low angular velocities, conduction is a dominant mechanism of heat transfer, but for large distances and high angular velocities, convection is the main mechanism of heat transfer.

关键词： lattice Boltzmann method rotating circular cylinder laminar flow curvedand moving boundary

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Milestones of Wireless Communication Networks and Technology Prospect of Next Generation(6G)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4803-4818页

作者： Mohammed h.Alsharif Md.Sanwar hossain Abu Jahid Muhammad Asghar Khan Bong Jun Choi Samih M.Mostafa Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong University209 Neungdong-roGwangjin-guSeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Business and TechnologyDhaka1216Bangladesh Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Hamdard University KarachiIslamabad CampusIslamabad44000Pakistan School of Computer Science and Engineering&School of Electronic Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoulKorea Faculty of Computers and Information South Valley UniversityQena83523Egypt Academy of Scientific Research and Technology Cairo11516Egypt

Since around 1980,a new generation of wireless technology has arisen approximately every 10 ***-generation(1G)and secondgeneration(2G)began with voice and eventually introduced more and more data in third-generation(3G)and became highly popular in the fourthgeneration(4G).To increase the data rate along with low latency and mass connectivity the fifth-generation(5G)networks are being installed from ***,the 5G technology will not be able to fulfill the data demand at the end of this ***,it is expected that 6G communication networks will rise,providing better services through the implementation of new enabling technologies and allowing users to connect everywhere.6G technology would not be confined to cellular communications networks,but would also comply with non-terrestrial communication system requirements,such as satellite *** ultimate objectives of this work are to address the major challenges of the evolution of cellular communication networks and to discourse the recent growth of the industry based on the key scopes of application and *** main areas of research topics are summarized into(i)major 6G wireless networkmilestones;(ii)key performance indicators;(iii)future new applications;and(iv)potential fields of research,challenges,and open issues.

关键词： Wireless networks beyond 5G 6G communications terahertz frequency terahertz communications holographic calls

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