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Evidence for the polyphyly of Encoelia and Encoelioideae with reconsideration of respective families in Leotiomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第1期82卷 183-219页

作者： Kadri Pärtel h.ns-otto baral heidi Tamm Kadri Põldmaa Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of TartuLai 40EE-51005 TartuEstonia Mycological Collections Institute of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesEstonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia Blaihofstraße 42 72074 TübingenGermany

This study focuses on the genus Encoelia and the subfamily Encoelioideae in the morphologically and ecologically diverse *** 28S and 18S rDNA as well as tef1,rpb1 and rpb2 were sequenced for 70 *** analyses revealed Encoelia and Encoelioideae to be highly polyphyletic,with species distributed among eight major *** fascicularis and *** belonged to Sclerotiniaceae and were combined in a new genus,*** comprised *** and Dencoeliopsis johnstonii,both accepted in *** type of Encoelia,***,was closely related to species of Velutarina,Cenangiopsis and *** species together with members of hemiphacidiaceae formed a clade conforming to the emended concept of Cenangiaceae,introduced *** resurrected family,Cordieritidaceae,comprised ***,*** and species of Ameghiniella,Cordierites,Diplocarpa and Ionomidotis,characterised by inamyloid asci and a positive ionomidotic *** glauca showed closest affinities with Chlorociboria species in Chlorociboriaceae.A new genus,Xeropilidium,with sporodochial and pycnidial synanamorphs,was described for the distinct encoelioid member of the Chaetomellaceae,previously known as *** and ecological synapomorphies were distinguished from convergent characters to delimit monophyletic taxa including encoelioid *** of public sequences from various biological samples in ITS rDNA analyses allowed identification of sequenced organisms at species,genus,or family level and added information on the ecology of seversal *** of Cenangiaceae appeared to be widespread as *** of encoelioid genera in Chaetomellaceae and Sclerotiniaceae added xylicolous saprotrophs to these families.

关键词： Environmental sequencing Fungicolous ascomycetes helotiaceae Lichenicolous fungi Forest pathogens Taxonomy

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Modelling and analysis of decentralized energy systems with photovoltaic, micro-hydro, battery and diesel technology for remote areas of Nepal

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Clean Energy 2021年第4期5卷 690-703页

作者： Nawaraj Sanjel Bivek baral Department of Mechanical Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal

Remote areas of Nepal suffer from limited or no access to *** electricity access in remote areas is one of the foremost challenges of any developing *** purpose of this study is to develop and propose a reliable and low-cost model for *** study presents an optimized choice between decentralized renewable-energy systems and grid *** for an analytical method for the modelling and analysis of electrification options based on life-cycle cost(LCC)and economic distance limit,each energy system for varied load conditions is compared for a better option.A framework for energy-system selection based on available resources is *** compares the grid-expansion option with potential isolated renewable-energy systems to ensure energy access to the area under ***,off-grid configurations that rely on renewable energy sources are also considered for the necessity of backup supply to ensure continuous power to the research ***-economic assessment is carried out for different off-grid and hybrid configurations proposed in this study and their feasibility checks are carefully *** efficacy of the proposed hybrid energy systems is assessed by comparing the life cycle and energy cost and by performing different additional sensitivity *** study concludes that reduced generation cost supports the increasing penetration of *** LCC for grid expansion is the most economical under high-load conditions,whereas for the isolated and sparsely settled populations with low-load conditions,photovoltaic power backed up with a diesel generator is the most economical.

关键词： decentralized energy system energy planning rural electrification economic distance limit life-cycle cost

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Performance of marine clay stabilised with vacuum pressure: Based on Queensland experience

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 598-611页

作者： Buddhima Indraratna Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Pankaj baral Jayantha Ameratunga Industrial Transformation Training Centre(ITTC)for Advanced Technologies in Rail Track Infrastructure&Centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering(CGRE) School of CivilMining and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia School of Civil Mining and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia Centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering University of WollongongWollongong CityNSW 2522Australia Golder Associates Pty Ltd. MiltonQueensland 4064Australia

Stabilising soft marine clay and estuarine soils via vacuum preloading has become very popular in Australasia over the past decades because it is a cost-effective and time-efficient *** recent times,new land on areas outside but adjacent to existing port amenities,the Fisherman Islands at the Port of Brisbane(POB),was reclaimed to cater for an increase in trade activities.A vacuum preloading method combined with surcharge to stabilise the deep layers of soil was used to enhance the application of prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs).This paper describes the performance of this combined surcharge fill and vacuum system under the embankment and also compares it with a surcharge loading system to demonstrate the benefits of vacuum pressure over conventional *** performance of this embankment is also presented in terms of field monitoring data,and the relative performance of the vacuum together with non-vacuum systems is *** analytical solution to radial consolidation with time-dependent surcharge loading and vacuum pressure is also presented in order to predict the settlement and associated excess pore water pressure(EPWP)of deposits of thick soft clay.

关键词： Soft clay Prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs) Vacuum consolidation Membrane-less system Membrane system

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Estimation of de-trapped charge for diagnosis of transformer insulation using short-duration polarisation current employing detrended fluctuation analysis

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high Voltage 2020年第5期5卷 636-641页

作者： Saurabh Dutta Deepak Mishra Arijit baral Sivaji Chakravorti Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(ISM)DhanbadIndia Department of Electrical Engineering Jadavpur UniversityKolkataIndia

Researchers have shown that the value of charge carriers,de-trapped from the oil-paper interface of power transformer insulation,is useful in carrying out the ***,the evaluation of the de-trapped charge requires the analysis of polarisation-depolarisation *** an off-line time-consuming process,the measurement and analysis of polarisation and depolarisation current(PDC)data are not practically *** study presents a detrended fluctuation analysis-based technique to estimate the magnitude of normalised de-trapped charge using the polarisation current measured for a short *** the proposed technique,the requirement of measuring the complete PDC data,for diagnosis purposes,can be ***,the technique also eliminates the requirement of depolarisation current which in turn facilitates a reduction in equipment shutdown *** applicability of the proposed technique is tested on the data obtained from several real-life power transformers.

关键词： charge insulation diagnosis

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Radial consolidation characteristics of soft undisturbed clay based on large specimens

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第6期10卷 1037-1045页

作者： Pankaj baral Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Buddhima Indraratna Richard Kelly Research Centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia SMEC-Australia and New Zealand Division BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

In recent years, reconstituted small samples have often been used to assess the performance of radial consolidation due to prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs), but the permeability and compressibility of samples of undisturbed soil often differ from those of the remoulded ones. The problem seems more complex in marine environment due to the presence of random coarse particles including gravels, shells and natural partings. Performing small-scale laboratory experiment with reconstituted samples, especially in marine environment, cannot predict the exact soil behaviour in the field. This paper describes an experimental programme that measures radial consolidation using a conventional Rowe cell and a largescale consolidometer, where the samples of undisturbed soil obtained from a site along the Pacific highway(north of Sydney) were compared using measured settlements and excess pore ***, this paper highlights the implications of the smear effect and sample size influence, which are imperative in translating the laboratory testing practices to actual real-life behaviour. The effect of vacuum pressure on the coefficient of radial consolidation of a large-scale undisturbed test specimen is also discussed. The paper demonstrates that the extent of smear zone in the field can be very similar to the large-scale laboratory consolidation test using a scaled-down drain and mandrel, but considerably different from the data obtained for small laboratory specimens.

关键词： Consolidation Soft soil Vertical drain Undisturbed clay

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Activation of microbial secondary metabolic pathways:Avenues and challenges

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第3期3卷 163-178页

作者： Bikash baral Amir Akhgari Mikko Metsä-Ketelä Department of Biochemistry University of TurkuFIN-20014TurkuFinland

Microbial natural products are a tremendous source of new bioactive chemical entities for drug *** generation sequencing has revealed an unprecedented genomic potential for production of secondary metabolites by diverse micro-organisms found in the environment and in the *** mining has further led to the discovery of numerous uncharacterized‘cryptic’metabolic pathways in the classical producers of natural products such as Actinobacteria and *** biosynthetic gene clusters may code for improved biologically active metabolites,but harnessing the full genetic potential has been hindered by the observation that many of the pathways are‘silent’under laboratory *** we provide an overview of the various biotechnological methodologies,which can be divided to pleiotropic,biosynthetic gene cluster specific,and targeted genome-wide approaches that have been developed for the awakening of microbial secondary metabolic pathways.

关键词： Biosynthesis Chemical diversity Genome mining Metabolic engineering Synthetic biology

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A review on developing high-performance ZE41 magnesium alloy by using bulk deformation and surface modification methods

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 776-800页

作者： Subrat Kumar baral Manjusha M.Thawre B.Ratna Sunil Ravikumar Dumpala Department of Mechanical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bapatla Engineering CollegeBapatla 522102India

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are generally used in light-weight structural applications due to their higher specific ***,the usage of these Mg alloys is limited due to their poor formability at room temperature,which is attributed to lower count of slip systems associated with the hcp crystal *** address these limitations,several new magnesium alloys and also many processing strategies have been developed and reported in the ***41 Mg is an alloy with significant quantities of zinc(Zn)and rare earth(RE)elements and has emerged as a promising material for aerospace,automotive,electronics,biomedical and many other *** make this alloy more competitive and viable,it should possess better mechanical and corrosion ***,the current paper reviews the effect of bulk mechanical processing on grain refinement,microstructural modification,and corresponding changes in the mechanical behaviour of ZE41Mg ***,the effect of various surface modification techniques on altering the surface microstructure and surface properties such as wear and corrosion are also briefly summarized and *** review also discusses the challenges and the future perspectives in developing high-performing ZE41 Mg alloys.

关键词： ZE41 magnesium alloy Bulk deformation Surface modification Mechanical properties Wear Corrosion

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西班牙桉树林下土小平盘菌复合群中两个独立的种——暗柔膜菌属一新组合及一新种:分类、分子生物学、生态与分布

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菌物学报 2013年第3期32卷 386-428页

作者： h.ns-otto baral Ricardo GALAN Gonzalo PLATAS Raúl TENA Blaihofstr.42 72074 TübingenGerm Dpto.de Ciencias de la Vida Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de Alcala28871 Alcala de HenaresMadridSpain Fundacion MEDINA MicrobiologíaParque Tecnologico de Ciencias de la Salud18016 ArmillaGranadaSpain C/Arrenales del Portillo B 211o D44003TeruelSpain

土小平盘菌复合群原产澳大利亚,其中两个土生种在西班牙报道,很可能是在18世纪中叶引入西班牙。根据形态学特征和序列分析的结果,建立一个新组合和一个新种,分别定名为Phaeohelotium undulatum ***.和*** ***.。对其宏观和微观形态特征... 详细信息

土小平盘菌复合群原产澳大利亚,其中两个土生种在西班牙报道,很可能是在18世纪中叶引入西班牙。根据形态学特征和序列分析的结果,建立一个新组合和一个新种,分别定名为Phaeohelotium undulatum ***.和*** ***.。对其宏观和微观形态特征进行了详尽的描述和图示,ITS rDNA序列分析的结果显示,它们以100%的支持率与Phaeohelotium monticola聚类在同一个分支。文中提供了该复合群Phaeohelotium属5个土生种的分种检索表,并对它们的生态习性与世界分布进行了深入讨论。

关键词：子囊菌外生菌根桉属南青冈属外来真菌过火生境群落膜盘菌属胶鞘盘菌属半杯菌属

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Restoration of dysregulated CC chemokine signaling for monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients by neem leaf glycoprotein maximizes tumor cell cytotoxicity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2010年第5期7卷 396-408页

作者： Krishnendu Chakraborty Anamika Bose Tathagata Chakraborty Koustav Sarkar Shyamal Goswami Smarajit Pal Rathindranath baral Department of Immunoregulation and Immunodiagnostics Chittaranjan National Cancer InstituteKolkataIndia Unit of Clinical Biochemistry Chittaranjan National Cancer InstituteKolkataIndia

Previous studies have shown that the CC chemokine receptor CCR5 is downregulated on monocyte/macrophage(MO/Mw)surfaces in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(hnsCC)patients(stage IIIB).Ligands(RANTES,MIP-1a and MIP-1b)of this chemokine receptor were also secreted in lesser quantity from MO/Mw of hnsCC patients in comparison with healthy *** an aim to restore this dysregulated receptor–ligand signaling,we have used neem leaf glycoprotein(NLGP),a novel immunomodulator reported from our *** upregulated CCR5 expression,as evidenced from studies on MO/Mw of peripheral blood from hnsCC patients as well as healthy *** of RANTES,MIP-1a and MIP-1b was also upregulated following NLGP treatment of these cells in ***,NLGP has little effect on the expression of CCR5 and the ligand RANTES in oral cancer *** restored CCR5 receptor–ligand signaling seen in MO/Mw was reflected in improved CCR5-dependent,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-mediated migration of MO/Mw after NLGP treatment to a standard *** also induces better antigen presentation and simultaneous costimulation to effector T cells by MO/Mw by upregulating human leucocyte antigen(hLA)-ABC,CD80 and *** addition,NLGP-treated MO/Mw-primed T cells can effectively lyse tumor cells in *** effects of NLGP on monocyte migration and T cell-mediated oral tumor cell killing were further demonstrated in transwell assays with or without CCR5 *** results suggest a new approach in cancer immunotherapy by modulating dysregulated CCR5 signals from MO/Mw.

关键词： CCR5 chemokine head and neck squamous cell carcinoma monocytes neem leaf glycoprotein

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晶圆盘菌属的中国新记录种(英文)

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菌物学报 2014年第3期33卷 746-752页

作者：郭建伟 h.ns-otto baral 张克勤李成云红河学院生命科学与技术学院云南农业大学植物病理重点实验室教育部农业生物多样性与病害控制重点实验室云南大学生物资源保护与利用重点实验室教育部微生物资源重点实验室 Blaihofstrasse 42 D‐72074 TübingenGermany

晶圆盘菌属hyalorbilia是圆盘菌科Orbiliaceae成员,目前中国已报道8个种,报道了3个中国新记录种,其中两个建议为新组合。

关键词：圆盘菌科新月晶圆盘菌安第斯晶圆盘菌

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