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采用图像叠加技术的激光扫描检眼镜可改良脉络膜新生血管的显影

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第11期1卷 31-31页

作者： Bartsch D.U. El-Bradey M.h. El-Musharaf A. Freeman W.R. 韩静 Jacobs Retina Center Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California SanDiego 9415 Campus Point Drive San Diego CA 92093-0946 United States Dr.

Aims: To improve visualisation of angiographic features in patients with age r elated macular degeneration associated with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) a nd related complications. To evaluate if image averaging can achieve this goal. Methods: 27 eyes of 20 sequential patients with age related macular degeneration over a 3 month period were studied. Indocyanine green angiograms (ICGA), fluore scein angiograms (FA), and oral fluorescein angiograms were recorded with a conf ocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Software was used to average multiple images from a 10-20 image series (over 0.5-1.0 seconds). Image quality was assessed by two masked observers and graded on a scale of 0-3. A more quantifiable gradi ng method was devised by adding a variable amount of Gaussian noise to the impro ved image until the original and image averaged image appeared equal. Results: M asked review showed mild to strong improvement of visualisation of structures in cluding borders of CNV. Improvement varied depending on the type and phase of th e angiogram. Improvement was highest in late phase FA, mid and late phase ICGA, and all phases of oral FA. Conclusion: Image averaging using software based algo rithms improves the quality of angiographic images, particularly late ICGA image s and oral FAs. This method may assist in the visualisation of choroidal neovasc ularisation in age related macular degeneration.

关键词：脉络膜新生血管激光扫描检眼镜图像叠加血管造影照片老年性黄斑变性吲哚青绿荧光素叠加图盲法观测者

早期RRMS灰质和白质体积改变的一项2年纵向研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 47-47页

作者： Tiberio M. Chard D.T. Altmann D.R.etal. D.h. Miller 周永 NMR Research Group Institute of Neurology Queen Square London WC1N 3BG United KingdomProf.

Background: Brain atrophy, in excess of that seen with normal aging, has been observed early in the clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Previous work has suggested that at this stage of the disease, gray mat ter (GM) atrophy progresses more rapidly than the white matter (WM) atrophy. Obj ectives: To characterize the evolution of GM and WM volumes over 2 years, and th eir associations with lesion loads in a cohort of patients with clinically early RRMS. Methods: Twenty-one patients with RRMS (mean age 37.5 years, mean diseas e duration from symptom onset 2.1 years) and 10 healthy control subjects (mean a ge 37.1 years)-were studied. Tissue volumes, as fractions of total intracranial volumes, were estimated at baseline and 1-and 2-year follow-up. Brain parenc hymal fractions (BPF), GM fractions (GMF), and WM fractions (WMF) were estimated . In subjects with MS, brain lesion loads were determined on conventional T2-we ighted along with pre-and post-gadolinium (Gd) enhanced T1-weighted images at each timepoint. Results: A decrease in GMF was observed in subjects with MS vs normal controls over the 2 years of the study (mean -2.1%vs -1.0%, p=0.044), while no change was seen in WMF over the same period (mean -0.09%vs +0.09%, p=0.812). however, when the MS cohort was divided in half, dependent upon chang e in Gd-enhancing lesion load over 2 years (n=20), a decrease in WMF was seen i n the group (n=10) with the largest decline in Gd volume, whereas WMF increased in the other half (n=10) concurrent with a net increase in volume of Gd-enhanci ng lesions (difference between groups: p=0.034). Conclusions: Increasing gray ma tter but not white matter (WM) atrophy was observed early in the clinical course of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Fluctuations in inflammatory WM les ions appear to be related to volume changes in WM over this time period.

关键词：纵向研究 RRMS 临床病程加权成像正常老化脑萎缩加权和随访研究净增加

正常体重、超重及肥胖孕妇伴和不伴先兆子痫时瘦素、脂联素及抑素水平的比较

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第1期2卷 13-13页

作者： hendler I. Blackwell S. C. Mehta S. h. 陈霞(译) 高雪莲(校) Dr. I. hendler Division of Maternal-Fetal-Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hutzel Hospital-Wayne State University 3990 John R Road Detroit MI 48201 United States 不详

The purpose of this study was to compare adipokines’ levels between women with and without preeclampsia based on maternal body mass index (BMI). Study design: This was a cross-sectional study among third-trimester pregnancies with preeclampsia (PIh) compared with normotensive controls. Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin, and resistin were measured before delivery by radioimmunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The study included 22 normotensive and 77 PIh women. Leptin levels increased with maternal BMI. In patients with severe preeclampsia, overweight, and obese women had increased leptin levels (33.4 ± 14.8 vs 23.0 ± 10.8 ng/mL respectively, P = .02), and decreased adiponectin levels (8.4 ± 5.3 vs 12.6 ± 6.0 ng/mL, P = .03) compared with normal weight women. In women with BMI h preeclampsia compared with controls (11.5 ± 5.6 vs 9.6 ± 4.6 and 7.0 ± 3.2 ng/mL, respectively, P = .005). There was no association between resistin levels and preeclampsia or maternal BMI. Conclusion: Women with severe preeclampsia and BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 have decreased adiponectin and increased leptin levels, while normal weight women with preeclampsia have increased adiponectin levels.

关键词：血清瘦素水平血清脂联素肥胖孕妇先兆于痫正常体重超重抑素 ELISA测定血压正常先兆子痫

hIV-1 Tat对多巴胺的传递和小胶质细胞反应性的调节存在脑区特异性

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神经损伤与功能重建 2018年第7期 379-379页

作者： Miller DR Shaerzadeh F Phan L Sharif N Gamble-George J McLaughlin JP Streit WJ Khoshbouei h 聂昊 Department of Neuroscience University of Florida College of Medicine and Mc Knight Brain Institute Department of Pharmacodynamics University of Florida College of Pharmacy

转录蛋白的反式激活因子hIV-1 Tat与多巴胺神经元发生变性的神经性获得性免疫缺陷综合症相关。使用在多西环素(Dox)调节下表达GFAP驱动的Tat蛋白的小鼠模型,我们研究了在喙状延髓黑质致密部(SNc)中的小胶质细胞与神经元的交互作用。小... 详细信息

转录蛋白的反式激活因子hIV-1 Tat与多巴胺神经元发生变性的神经性获得性免疫缺陷综合症相关。使用在多西环素(Dox)调节下表达GFAP驱动的Tat蛋白的小鼠模型,我们研究了在喙状延髓黑质致密部(SNc)中的小胶质细胞与神经元的交互作用。小胶质细胞和酪氨酸羟化酶(Th)的免疫组化结果显示,SNc中小胶质细胞与多巴胺能神经元的比例小于腹侧被盖区(VTA),与此同时,野生型小鼠经过7 d Dox暴露后,这种差异得以维持。野生型小鼠使用Dox对其小胶质细胞密度没有影响。在神经元对hIV-1 Tat的潜在不利影响的敏感性的研究中,我们发现体内hIV-1 Tat暴露选择性地降低SNc中的Th免疫反应性,但不降低VTA中的Th免疫反应性,与此同时,SNc中Th m RNA的水平保持不变。体内hIV-1 Tat诱导不会改变这些脑区中神经元的总数。用全细胞膜片移液管将Tat(5 ng)打入多巴胺神经元降低了自发放电活动。Tat诱导也导致小胶质细胞数量下降,但不导致小胶质细胞活化。因此,多巴胺能表型的消失是由于Th免疫反应性的丧失而不是由于神经元死亡——因为神经元死亡会诱发小胶质细胞激活。我们得出结论,hIV-1 Tat造成低多巴胺能状态的副作用是通过降低Th的免疫反应性和激发多巴胺能神经元的活性而产生的。在体内Tat暴露后小胶质细胞的减少提示小胶质细胞功能的受损,且多巴胺神经元和小胶质细胞之间存在双向交互的改变。

关键词： hIV-1 Tat 多巴胺能神经元小胶质细胞小胶质细胞-神经元交互神经性获得免疫缺陷综合征

初产泌乳母猪采食量降低与围产期胰岛素抵抗增强有关,且不能通过提高日粮色氨酸水平缓解

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饲料博览 2010年第11期 50-50页

作者： Mosnier E Le Floc'h N Etienne M, Ramaekers P Sève B Père M C 司马博锋

为考察胰岛素抵抗与日粮色氨酸水平及初产母猪(体况相近)采食量的相关性,试验采用24头初产母猪,在妊娠第97天试验母猪插入导管用于采集血液。采血时间分别在采食1.5 kg日粮后(餐试验);每kg体重静脉灌注葡萄糖0.5 g后(葡萄糖耐受试验);... 详细信息

为考察胰岛素抵抗与日粮色氨酸水平及初产母猪(体况相近)采食量的相关性,试验采用24头初产母猪,在妊娠第97天试验母猪插入导管用于采集血液。采血时间分别在采食1.5 kg日粮后(餐试验);每kg体重静脉灌注葡萄糖0.5 g后(葡萄糖耐受试验);高胰岛素血糖钳夹试验中(胰岛素灌注速度为每kg体重每分钟100 ng胰岛素)。所有的测试时间在妊娠103 d、110 d、泌乳第3天和泌乳第10天进行。在妊娠104 d第1次钳夹试验后至断奶,母猪饲喂色氨酸水平为0.16%或0.26%(相对于推荐的泌乳母猪色氨酸需要量为亚理想水平或略过量水平)的日粮。日粮处理并没有影响初产母猪采食量、体重、背腰变化以及泌乳期间仔猪的生长速度;略过量色氨酸组血浆色氨酸水平高于亚理想组(P<0.05);餐试验过程中血浆游离脂肪酸和尿素浓度并未受到日粮处理的影响;泌乳第3天,略过量色氨酸组母猪在采食后105(P=0.03)和120(P=0.04)min后其胰岛素浓度低于亚理想色氨酸组母猪;略过量色氨酸组母猪在泌乳第10天的耐受试验中,葡萄糖半衰期(P=0.03)和达到胰岛素曲线面积25%时所需要的时间(P=0.04)要低于亚理想组;在高胰岛素葡萄糖钳夹试验中两色氨酸水平组葡萄糖的灌注速度相似;母猪的采食量与葡萄糖耐受试验中葡萄糖的半衰期负相关并与在钳夹试验中葡萄糖的灌注速度正相关(P<0.05)而与日粮处理无关;这一现象在泌乳早期和妊娠晚期均得到了证实(P<0.02)。研究表明,日粮中添加0.26%的色氨酸不能提高初产泌乳母猪的采食量,围产期是否需要添加色氨酸仍有待确定;抛开日粮处理,为何在相同饲养条件下母猪妊娠期会出现不同程度的胰岛素抵抗仍需要进一步研究。

关键词：分娩采食量胰岛素抵抗初产母猪色氨酸

超快速磁共振成像方案在诊断新发卒中患者中的应用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 31-31页

作者： U-King-Im J.M. Trivedi R.A. Graves M.J. J.h. Gillard 王孝文 Department of Radiology Addenbrooke’s Hospital University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 2QQ United Kingdom Dr.

Objective: To evaluate the technical feasibility of an integrated ultrafast h ead magnetic resonance (MR) protocol using a sensitivity encoding (SENSE) techni que for depicting parenchymal ischaemia and vascular compromise in patients with suspected recent stroke. Methods: 23 patients were evaluated with the ultrafast MR protocol using T2, T1, fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), 3D time of flight magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and diffusion weighted imaging ( DWI)- sequences. These were compared with routine conventional MR sequences. Re sults: One patient could not tolerate conventional imaging, although imaging usi ng the three minute head SENSE protocol was diagnostic. Both conventional and ul trafast protocols were of similar diagnostic yield in the remaining patients. Th ere were no significant differences in clinical diagnostic quality for the T1, T 2, FLAIR, and DWI sequences. One MRA examination was of better quality when SENS E was used, owing to reduced motion artefacts and shorter imaging time. Conclusi ons: It is possible to undertake a comprehensive MR examination in stroke patien ts in approximately three to five minutes. Ultrafast imaging may become a useful triage tool before thrombolytic therapy. It may be of particular benefit in pat ients unable to tolerate longer sequences. Further work is necessary to confirm these findings in hyperacute stroke.

关键词：磁共振成像急性卒中弥散加权成像 FLAIR 血管损伤临床诊断成像时间人为因素

前列腺癌:多参数MR成像是否有助于筛选需积极监测的前列腺癌病人

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第5期 472-472页

作者： B.Turkbey h.Mani O.Aras J.ho A.hoang A.R.Rastinehad 王焕军 Molecular Imaging Program National Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of Health

摘要目的评价多参数MR成像是否有助于筛选依照现行指南适合行积极监测(AS)的前列腺癌,根据前列腺切除术中所见,将结果与传统的临床评分系统包括D’Amico、Epstein和前列腺癌风险评估(CAPRA)系统的评分结果进行比较。材料与方法经伦理委... 详细信息

摘要目的评价多参数MR成像是否有助于筛选依照现行指南适合行积极监测(AS)的前列腺癌,根据前列腺切除术中所见,将结果与传统的临床评分系统包括D’Amico、Epstein和前列腺癌风险评估(CAPRA)系统的评分结果进行比较。材料与方法经伦理委员会批准,该回顾性研究纳入前列腺特异性抗原平均水平为6.73 ng/mL(中位数为4.39 ng/mL)的病人133例(平均年龄为59.3岁),所有病人在行前列腺根除术前均行多参数MR成像。所有病人均签署知情同意书。依据前列腺手术结果将病例分为2组:可行AS组及需手术治疗组。纳入AS组的标准为:前列腺中主瘤灶体积<0.5mL,且未达到Gleason评分4或5分,未突破包膜,无精囊腺的受

关键词：前列腺癌 AS 多参数 MR 病人

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掺Oh~-氟化锂晶体中Oh~-行为的研究

人工晶体 1985年第Z1期 46-46页

作者：李胜华魏巍周衍方书淦谷正太黄木贞姚洪熹范福昌金德荣陈义金于素荣上海交通大学应用物理系上海光学仪器研究所

本文报导了在 LiF 晶体中引进 Oh-杂质,探索在室温下可稳定工作的 LiF∶F2+色心激光材料。运用在大气成份中含有水份,对流层中 h2O 的体积混合比为0～2×10-2及 LiF 原料易水解的原理,已成功地生长出掺有 Oh-杂质的 LiF 单晶体。鉴别 Oh... 详细信息

本文报导了在 LiF 晶体中引进 Oh-杂质,探索在室温下可稳定工作的 LiF∶F2+色心激光材料。运用在大气成份中含有水份,对流层中 h2O 的体积混合比为0～2×10-2及 LiF 原料易水解的原理,已成功地生长出掺有 Oh-杂质的 LiF 单晶体。鉴别 Oh-的方法系用分辩率为2Cm-1的 NiCOLET 7199-c 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪,测量 LiF 晶体中由水引起的红外光谱吸收带,其中最宽的吸收带,峰值为2.68μm(3730cm-1)的吸收是由“自由”Oh-离子伸缩振动引

关键词：晶体 LIF Oh 激光振荡

胶体染料试纸条试验在血吸虫病大规模现场查病中应用价值的评价

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中国血吸虫病防治杂志 2004年第6期16卷 426-431页

作者：孙乐平黄轶昕洪青标徐明张联恒高扬高原袁建芬丁桂生吴民义郭家宏朱荫昌江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所无锡214064 江苏省镇江市疾病预防控制中心江苏省扬州市血吸虫病防治所江苏省南京市疾病预防控制中心江苏省无锡市疾病预防控制中心江苏省南通市疾病预防控制中心江苏省常州市疾病预防控制中心江苏省泰州市疾病预防控制中心

目的　评价胶体染料试纸条试验 (DDIA )在血吸虫病大规模现场筛查中的效果与费用。方法　在江苏省 10个血吸虫病流行市中 ,对 5～ 6 5周岁居民采用整群轮查的形式进行 DDIA+粪孵查病 ,统计并比较不同地区 (各市 )和不同流行程度 (传播... 详细信息

目的　评价胶体染料试纸条试验 (DDIA )在血吸虫病大规模现场筛查中的效果与费用。方法　在江苏省 10个血吸虫病流行市中 ,对 5～ 6 5周岁居民采用整群轮查的形式进行 DDIA+粪孵查病 ,统计并比较不同地区 (各市 )和不同流行程度 (传播阻断、传播控制、尚未控制 )地区居民 DDIA的阳性检出率 ;再根据各地的工资水平和经济状况 ,计算出不同地区血防查病的总费用 ,分析皮试 +COPT+粪孵和 DDIA +粪孵查病程序中各种费用的构成情况 ,比较两种查病程序的人均免疫筛查费用和人均综合查病费用。结果　 2 0 0 3年用 DDIA共筛查 3180 0 9人 ,查出阳性 5 771人 ,平均阳性检出率为 1.81% ,不同地区 (各市 )居民 DDIA阳性率在 0 .0 4 %～ 5 .75 %之间 ;传播阻断、传播控制和尚未控制 3类地区 DDIA方法的居民阳性检出率分别为 0 .4 0 %、2 .6 6 %、4 .74 %。 DDIA程序的人均筛查费用和人均综合查病费用分别为 4 .4 2元和 4 .96元 ,分别比 COPT程序节省了 0 .92元和 0 .6 0元 ,所需人均费用分别减少了 17.2 3%和 10 .79% ,节省的费用主要来源于实验操作人工费。结论　利用 DDIA程序进行大规模综合查病时 ,血检阳性率比 COPT高 1倍 ,人均查病费用比 COPT程序节省10 %。

关键词：日本血吸虫病免疫筛查胶体染料试纸条试验(DDIA) 现场应用效果评价