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Optimized the vanadium electrolyte with sulfate-phosphoric mixed acids to enhance the stable operation at high-temperature

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第2期18卷 13-26页

作者： Ling Ge tao liu Yimin Zhang hong liu School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China hubei Collaborative innovation Center for high Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of high Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

herein, the influence of the concentration design and comprehensive performance of the sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte is investigated to realize an electrolyte that maintains high energy density and stable operation at high temperatures. Static stability tests have shown that VOPO4 precipitation occurs only with vanadium(V) electrolyte. The concentration of vanadium ion of 2.0–2.2 mol·L^(–1), phosphoric acid of 0.10–0.15 mol·L^(–1), and sulfuric acid of 2.5–3.0 mol·L^(–1) are suitable for a vanadium redox flow battery in the temperature range from –20 to 50 ℃. The equations for predicting the viscosity and conductivity of electrolytes are obtained by the response surface method. The optimized electrolyte overcomes precipitation generation. it has 2.8 times higher energy density than the non-phosphate electrolyte, and a coulomb efficiency of 94.0% at 50 ℃. The sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte promotes the electrode reaction process, increases the current density, and reduces the resistance. This work systematically optimizes the concentrations of composition of positive and negative vanadium electrolytes with mixed sulfate-phosphoric acid. it provides a basis for the different valence states and comprehensive properties of sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system vanadium electrolytes under extreme environments, guiding engineering applications.

关键词： all vanadium redox flow battery mixed-acid vanadium electrolyte concentration optimization response surface methodology high-temperature stability

Localization−delocalization transitions in non-hermitian Aharonov−Bohm cages

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 39-50页

作者： Xiang Li Jin liu tao liu School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

A unique feature of non-hermitian systems is the extreme sensitivity of the eigenspectrum to boundary conditions with the emergence of the non-hermitian skin effect (NhSE). A NhSE originates from the point-gap topology of complex eigenspectrum, where an extensive number of eigenstates are anomalously localized at the boundary driven by nonreciprocal dissipation. Two different approaches to create localization are disorder and flat-band spectrum, and th.ir interplay can lead to the anomalous inverse Anderson localization, where the Bernoulli anti-symmetric disorder induces mobility in a full-flat band system in the presence of Aharonov−Bohm (AB) Cage. in this work, we study the localization−delocalization transitions due to the interplay of the point-gap topology, flat band and correlated disorder in the one-dimensional rhombic lattice, where both.its hermitian and non-hermitian structures show AB cage in the presence of magnetic flux. Although.it remains the coexistence of localization and delocalization for the hermitian rhombic lattice in the presence of the random anti-symmetric disorder, it surprisingly becomes complete delocalization, accompanied by the emergence of NhSE. To further study the effects from the Bernoulli anti-symmetric disorder, we found the similar NhSE due to the interplay of the point-gap topology, correlated disorder and flat bands. Our anomalous localization−delocalization property can be experimentally tested in the classical physical platform, such as electrical circuit.

关键词： non-hermitian skin effects disorder flat band localization−delocalization transition

Relative Broken Family Sensitivity

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第9期40卷 2297-2306页

作者： Zhuo Wei liu tao YU Department of Mathematics Shantou UniversityShantou 515063P.R.China

Letπ:(X,T)→(Y,S)be a factor map between two topological dynamical systems,and F_(a) Furstenberg family of *** introduce the notion of relative broken *** Fs(***,Finf)be the families consisting of all syndetic subsets(*** upper Banach density subsets,infinite subsets).We show that for a factor mapπ:(X,T)→(Y,S)between transitive systems,πis relatively broken F-sensitive for F=Fs or Fpubd if and only if there exists a relative sensitive pair which.is an F-recurrent point of(R_(π),T^((2)));is relatively broken Finf-sensitive if and only if there exists a relative sensitive pair which.is not *** a factor mapπ:(X,T)→(Y,S)between minimal systems,we get the structure of relative broken F-sensitivity by the factor map to its maximal equicontinuous factor.

关键词： Relative sensitivity recurrent points Furstenberg family relative sensitive pairs maximal equicontinuous factor

Exploring battery material failure mechanisms through synchrotron X-ray characterization tech.iques

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 128-135页

作者： Lingzhe Fang Xiaozhao liu tao Li Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA X-ray Science Division and Joint Center forEnergy Storage Research Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL6439UA

Rechargeable battery cycling performance and related safety have been persistent *** is crucial to decipher the capacity fading induced by electrode material failure via a range of *** these,synchrotron-based X-ray tech.iques with high flux and brightness play a key role in understanding degradation *** this comprehensive review,we summarize recent advancements in degra-dation modes and mechanisms that were revealed by synchrotron X-ray ***,an overview of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray scattering tech.iques is introduced for charac-terizing failure phenomena at local coordination atomic environment and long-range order crystal struc-ture scale,*** last,we envision the future of exploring material failure mechanism.

关键词： Battery failure Synchrotron-based tech.iques X-ray scattering X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Distributed Minimum-Energy Containment Control of Continuous-Time Multi-Agent Systems by inverse Optimal Control

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iEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1533-1535页

作者： Fei Yan Xiangbiao liu tao Feng School of information Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China National Engineering Laboratory of integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Chengdu 611756China

Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the distributed optimal containment control of continuous-time multi-agent systems(CTMASs)with respect to the minimum-energy performance index over fixed *** achieve this,we firstly investigate the optimal containment control problem using the inverse optimal control method,where all states of followers asymptotically converge to the convex hull spanned by the leaders while some quadratic performance indexes get minimized.A sufficient condition for existence of the distributed optimal containment control protocol is *** introducing the parametric algebraic Riccati equation(PARE),it is strictly proved that the global performance index can be used to approximate the standard minimumenergy performance index as the parameters tends to *** consequence,the standard minimum-energy cooperative containment control can be solved by local steady state feedback protocols.

关键词： optimal infinity algebraic

Combining stochastic density functional theory with deep potential molecular dynamics to study warm dense matter

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第1期9卷 44-57页

作者： tao Chen Qianrui liu Yu liu Liang Sun Mohan Chen hEDPS CAPTCollege of Engineering and School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

in traditional finite-temperature Kohn–Sham density functional theory(KSDFT),the partial occupation of a large number of high-energy KS eigenstates restricts the use of first-principles molecular dynamics methods at extremely high ***,stochastic density functional theory(SDFT)can overcome this ***,SDFT and the related mixed stochastic–deterministic density functional theory,based on a plane-wave basis set,have been implemented in the first-principles electronic structure software ABACUS[*** and ***,***.B 106,125132(2022)].in this study,we combine SDFT with the Born–Oppenh.imer molecular dynamics method to investigate systems with temperatures ranging from a few tens of eV to 1000 ***,we train machine-learning-based interatomic models using the SDFT data and employ these deep potential models to simulate large-scale systems with long ***,we compute and analyze the structural properties,dynamic properties,and transport coefficients of warm dense matter.

关键词： stochastic theory functional

Active MoS_(2)-based electrode for green ammonia synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第1期65卷 268-275页

作者： Xin liu Lei Yang tao Wei Shanping liu Beibei Xiao School of Energy and Power Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China institute Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR-5253Universite de MontpellierCNRSENSCMPlace E.Bataillon34095 Montpellier Cedex 05France

Nitrogen electro-reduction under mild conditions is one promising alternative approach of the energyconsuming haber-Bosch process for the artificial ammonia *** critical aspect to unlocking this technology is to discover the catalysts with high selectivity and *** this work,the N_(2)-to-Nh_(3)conversion on the functional MoS_(2)is fully investigated by density functional theory calculations since the layered MoS_(2)provides the ideal platform for the elaborating copies of the nitrogenase found in nature,wherein the functionalization is achieved via basal-adsorption,basal-substitution or edge-substitution of transition metal *** results reveal that the edge-functionalization is a feasible strategy for the activity promotion;however,the basal-adsorption and basal-substitution separately suffer from the electrochemical instability and the NRR ***,MoS_(2)functionalized via edge W-substitution exhibits an exceptional *** energetically favored reaction pathway is through the distal pathway and a limiting potential is less than 0.20 ***,this work escalates the rational design of the high-effective catalysts for nitrogen fixation and provides the explanation why the predicated catalyst have a good performance,paving the guidance for the experiments.

关键词： Nitrogen reduction reaction Density functional theory calculations Molybdenum disulfide Electrochemistry Catalyst Thermodynamics

Atomically precise Ru-O-Ru clusters for enhanced water dissociation in alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6993-7000页

作者： Dong liu Li Xu Sicheng Li Airong Xu Yuanhua Sun Tong liu Mengyuan liu h.ijuan Wang Xiaokang liu tao Yao tao Ding hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistryNational Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Experimental Center of Engineering and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Atomic clusters typically exhibit distinctive electronic structures and physicochemical ***,as the size decreases,th.ir ability to adsorb and dissociate water also diminishes,thereby affecting chemical reactions involving water *** the adsorption and dissociation capabilities of atomic clusters towards water molecules and elucidating the mechanisms underlying th.ir performance enhancement have become important research ***,employing the carrier-anchored strategy,Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters were prepared and displayed excellent activity and durability in the hydrogen evolution ***,the Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters exhibited only 86 mV overpotential at 100 mA·cm−^(2) and superior membrane-electrode-assembly activity than commercial Ru/C *** radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic measurements revealed that the modification of oxygen in Ru-O-Ru units promoted the reorientation of water molecules from a h-up orientation to h-down,therefore,enhanced the formation of strong hydrogen-bond network of interfacial water on the surface of Ru-O-Ru clusters,leading to enhanced adsorption and dissociation of water and accelerated Volmer *** findings provide a potential strategy and deep insights for the development of atomic clusters in electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTiR) Ru catalysts electrocatalysis atomic clusters

OsDA1 positively regulates grain width.in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 92-101页

作者： Cong Li Jun liu Liya Zhang tao Li hongyu Li Bin liu tao Zhao institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China institute of Nanfan&Seed industry Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510316GuangdongChina

The size and shape of rice grains influence th.ir yield and commercial *** investigated the role of OsDA1,a rice homolog of the Arabidopsis DA1 gene,in regulating grain size and ***1 was highly expressed in young spikelets and *** overexpression led to enlarged seeds with.increased width and decreased length/width ratio(LWR)and knocking out OsDA1 reduced grain width and increased grain length and LWR.A R310K point mutation in the DA1-like domain is a potential target for breeding for increased grain width and ***1 interacted with TCP gene-family proteins to regulate grain size and *** findings deepen our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying grain size regulation and provide useful information for improving grain yield.

关键词： Rice Osda1 Grain size Grain shape Grain length/width ratio TCP