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Generation mechanism of 100 MG magnetic fields in the interaction of ultra-intense laser pulse with nanostructured target

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 50-55页

作者： J.M.Tian h.b.cai W.S.Zhang E.h.Zhang b.Du S.P.Zhu Graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China Center for Applied Physics and Technology HEDPSand College of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Experimental and simulation data[Moreau et al.,Plasma *** 62,014013(2019);Kaymak et al.,***.117,035004(2016)]indicate that self-generated magnetic fields play an important role in enhancing the flux and energy of relativistic electrons accelerated by ultra-intense laser pulse irradiation with nanostructured arrays.A fully relativistic analytical model for the generation of the magnetic field based on electron magneto-hydrodynamic description is presented *** analytical model shows that this self-generated magnetic field originates in the nonparallel density gradient and fast electron current at the interfaces of a nanolayered target.A general formula for the self-generated magnetic field is found,which closely agrees with the simulation scaling over the relevant intensity *** result is beneficial to the experimental designs for the interaction of the laser pulse with the nanostructured arrays to improve laser-to-electron energy coupling and the quality of forward hot electrons.

关键词： nanolayered target self-generated magnetic field ultra-intense laser pulse

Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.Wang X.Zhang F.Q.Meng Y.P.Wang Y.Q.Gao h.b.cai S.P.Zhu Graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China hEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(bSRS)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the bSRS evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第9期23卷 66-78页

作者： Z.X.Ling X.J.Sun C.Zhang S.L.Sun G.Jin S.N.Zhang X.F.Zhang J.b.Chang F.S.Chen Y.F.Chen Z.W.Cheng W.Fu Y.X.han h.Li J.F.Li Y.Li Z.D.Li P.R.Liu Y.h.Lv X.h.Ma Y.J.Tang C.b.Wang R.J.Xie Y.L.Xue A.L.Yan Q.Zhang C.Y.bao h.b.cai h.Q.Cheng C.Z.Cui Y.F.Dai D.W.Fan h.b.hu J.W.hu M.h.huang Z.Q.Jia C.C.Jin D.Y.Li J.Q.Li h.Y.Liu M.J.Liu Y.Liu h.W.Pan Y.L.Qiu M.Sugizaki h.Sun W.X.Wang Y.L.Wang Q.Y.Wu X.P.Xu Y.F.Xu h.N.Yang X.Yang b.Zhang M.Zhang W.D.Zhang Z.Zhang D.h.Zhao X.Q.Cong b.W.Jiang L.h.Li X.b.Qiu J.N.Sun D.T.Su J.Wang C.Wu Z.Xu X.M.Yang S.K.Zhang Z.Zhang N.Zhang Y.F.Zhu h.Y.ban X.Z.bi Z.M.cai W.Chen X.Chen Y.h.Chen Y.Cui X.L.Duan Z.G Feng Y.Gao J.W.he T.he J.J.huang F.Li J.S.Li T.J.Li T.T.Li h.Q.Liu L.Liu R.Liu S.Liu N.Meng Q.Shi A.T.Sun Y.M.Wang Y.b.Wang h.C.Wu D.X Xu Y.Q Yang Y.Yang X.S.Yu K.X.Zhang Y.L.Zhang Y.h.Zhang Y.T.Zhang h.Zhou X.C.Zhu J.S.Cheng L.Qin L.Wang Q.L.Wang M.bai R.L.Gao Z.Ji Y.R.Liu F.L.Ma Y.J.Shi J.Su Y.Y.Tan J.Z.Tong h.T.Xu C.b.Xue G.F.Xue W.Yuan National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China North Night Vision Technology Co. LTDNanjing 211106China Institute of high Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Science and Technology on Low-Light-Level Night Vision Laboratory Xi'an 710065China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China

The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy(LEIA),a pathfinder of the Wide-field X-ray Telescope of the Einstein Probe mission,was successfully launched onboard the SATech-01 satellite of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on2022 July *** this paper,we introduce the design and on-ground test results of the LEIA *** stateof-the-art Micro-Pore Optics(MPO),a wide field of view of 346 square degrees(18.6°×18.6°)of the X-ray imager is *** optical assembly composed of 36 MPO chips is used to focus incident X-ray photons,and four large-format complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)sensors,each of size 6 cm×6 cm,are used as the focal plane *** instrument has an angular resolution of 4’-8’(in terms of FWhM)for the central focal spot of the point-spread function,and an effective area of 2-3 cm^(2) at 1 keV in essentially all the directions within the field of *** detection passband is 0.5-4 keV in soft X-rays and the sensitivity is2-3×10^(-11) erg s^(-1) cm^(-2)(about 1 milliCrab)with a 1000 s *** total weight of LEIA is 56 kg and the power is 85 *** satellite,with a design lifetime of 2 yr,operates in a Sun-synchronous orbit of 500 km with an orbital period of 95 *** is paving the way for future missions by verifying in flight the technologies of both novel focusing imaging optics and CMOS sensors for X-ray observation,and by optimizing the working setups of the instrumental *** addition,LEIA is able to carry out scientific observations to find new transients and to monitor known sources in the soft X-ray band,albeit with limited useful observing time available.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-space vehicles instruments-telescopes-X-rays genera

Correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress:A case study of overcoring stress measurements

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 39-48页

作者： Peng Li Meifeng cai Shengjun Miao Yuan Li Yu Wang Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China

Understanding the mechanical properties of the lithologies is crucial to accurately determine the horizontal stress *** investigate the correlation between the rock mass properties and maximum horizontal stress,the three-dimensional(3D)stress tensors at 89 measuring points determined using an improved overcoring technique in nine mines in China were adopted,a newly defined characteristic parameter C_(ERP)was proposed as an indicator for evaluating the structural properties of rock masses,and a fuzzy relation matrix was established using the information distribution *** results indicate that both the vertical stress and horizontal stress exhibit a good linear growth relationship with *** is no remarkable correlation between the elastic modulus,Poisson's ratio and depth,and the distribution of data points is scattered and ***,there is no obvious relationship between the rock quality designation(RQD)and *** maximum horizontal stress σ_(h) is a function of rock properties,showing a certain linear relationship with the C_(ERP)at the same *** addition,the overall change trend of σ_(h) determined by the established fuzzy identification method is to increase with the increase of C_(ERP).The fuzzy identification method also demonstrates a relatively detailed local relationship betweenσ_h and C_(ERP),and the predicted curve rises in a fluctuating way,which is in accord well with the measured stress data.

关键词： overcoring stress measurements elastic modulus Poisson's ratio rock quality designation maximum horizontal stress fuzzy identification

SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen Liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang hu Jiao Dai baigen cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

high‑Entropy Electrode Materials:Synthesis,Properties and Outlook

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 472-506页

作者： Dongxiao Li Chang Liu Shusheng Tao Jieming cai biao Zhong Jie Li Wentao Deng hongshuai hou Guoqiang Zou Xiaobo Ji College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan Institute of EngineeringXiangtan 411104People’s Republic of China

high-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials,first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two *** definition of high-entropy materials has continuously *** the last ten years,the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage,electrocatalysis,and related domains,accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode ***,the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation ***,the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague,and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low-or medium-entropy *** should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low-or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy *** this review,the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly ***,the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented,followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis ***,an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided,along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.

关键词： high-entropy Energy storage Electrode materials

Imperfection Insensitivity of Origami-Inspired Tubular Structures

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2023年第4期36卷 541-553页

作者： Qian Zhang Chongyao Wang Yan Li Ahmad b.h.Kueh Jianguo cai Key Laboratory of C and PC Structures of Ministry of Education National Prestress Engineering Research CenterSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia Sarawak94300 Kota SamarahanSarawakMalaysia

Axially loaded tubular structures are known to be highly sensitive to initial geometric imperfections,which can significantly reduce their design bearing *** address this issue,this study explores the potential of an origami-inspired design for tubular structures to achieve a lower sensitivity to *** study considers various designs,including diamond-shaped,pyramid-shaped,new Kresling,and pre-embedded rhombic origami tubes,and employs knockdown factors(KDFs)to illustrate the reduction of the design bearing capacity of these structures with initial geometric imperfections for safety *** element analysis shows that some of the origami tubes have superior design bearing capacity,mass efficiency,and KDFs when compared to standard circular *** the origami tubes considered,the rhombic tube demonstrates the best performance and is further studied through parametric analyses of geometric design,aspect ratio,and wall thickness to achieve additional performance ***,the superior performance of the rhombic tube is evaluated and verified for various loading scenarios,including eccentric compression and compression-torsion *** findings of this study provide a promising approach to designing and fabricating imperfection-insensitive tubes using advanced processing technologies such as additive *** work can potentially lead to the development of innovative tubular structures with enhanced safety and reliability in various engineering applications.

关键词： Imperfection insensitivity Origami tube buckling Parametric analysis Knockdown factor

Porous Organic Cage‑based Quasi‑Solid‑State Electrolyte with Cavity‑Induced Anion‑Trapping Effect for Long‑Life Lithium Metal batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 376-386页

作者： Wei-Min Qin Zhongliang Li Wen‑Xia Su Jia‑Min hu hanqin Zou Zhixuan Wu Zhiqin Ruan Yue‑Peng cai Kang Li Qifeng Zheng School of Chemistry South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Functional Metal‑Organic Compounds of hunan Province College of Chemistry and Material ScienceHengyang Normal UniversityHengyang 421008People’s Republic of China Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Energy Storage Materials Guangzhou 510006People’s Republic of China

Porous organic cages(POCs)with permanent porosity and excellent host–guest property hold great potentials in regulating ion transport behavior,yet their feasibility as solid-state electrolytes has never been testified in a practical ***,we design and fabricate a quasi-solid-state electrolyte(QSSE)based on a POC to enable the stable operation of Li-metal batteries(LMbs).benefiting from the ordered channels and cavity-induced anion-trapping effect of POC,the resulting POC-based QSSE exhibits a high Li+transference number of 0.67 and a high ionic conductivity of 1.25×10^(−4) S cm^(−1) with a low activation energy of 0.17 *** allow for homogeneous Li deposition and highly reversible Li plating/stripping for over 2000 *** a proof of concept,the LMb assembled with POC-based QSSE demonstrates extremely stable cycling performance with 85%capacity retention after 1000 ***,our work demonstrates the practical applicability of POC as SSEs for LMbs and could be extended to other energy-storage systems,such as Na and K batteries.

关键词： Porous organic cage Cavity-induced anion-trapping Quasi-solid-state electrolyte homogeneous Li+flux Lithium metal battery

Antithetical impacts of deleterious LRP1b mutations in non-squamous and squamous NSCLCs on predicting benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitor alone or with chemotherapy over chemotherapy alone: retrospective analyses of the POPLAR/OAK and ChOICE-01 trial

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 249-262页

作者： Jinliang Wang Wenyong Zhou Yu Xu Jianchun Duan Qiaoxia Zhou Guoqiang Wang Leo Li Chunwei Xu Wenxian Wang Shangli cai Zhijie Wang Jie Wang Department of Oncology The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Chest HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University burning Rock biotech CAMS Key Laboratory of Translational Research on Lung Cancer State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyDepartment of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for ancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Institute of basic Medicine and Cancer (IbMC) Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Clinical Trial The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital)

In non-small cell lung cancers,the non-squamous and squamous subtypes（nsqNSCLC and sqNSCLC） exhibit disparities in pathophysiology,tumor immunology,and potential genomic correlates affecting responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor（ICI）-based *** our inhouse training cohort（n=85）,the presence of the LRP1b deleterious mutation（LRP1b-del） was associated with longer and shorter progression-free survival（PFS） on ICIs alone in nsqNSCLCs and sqNSCLCs,respectively(Pinteraction=0.008).These results were validated using a larger public ICI cohort(n=208,Pinteractionbetween LRP1b-del and increased and decreased numbers of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in nsqNSCLCs（P=0.040） and sqNSCLCs（P=0.014）,*** the POPLAR/OAK cohort,nsqNSCLCs with LRP1b-del demonstrated improved PFS benefits from atezolizumab over docetaxel(hazard ratio（hR）=0.70,P=0.046),whereas this benefit was negligible in those without LRP1b-del（hR=1.05,P=0.64）.Conversely,sqNSCLCs without LRP1b-del benefited more from atezolizumab（hR=0.60,P=0.002） than those with LRP1b-del（hR=1.30,P=0.31）.Consistent results were observed in the in-house ChOICE-01 cohort,in which nsqNSCLCs with LRP1b-del and sqNSCLCs without LRP1b-del benefited more from toripalimab plus chemotherapy than from chemotherapy alone(Pinteraction=0.008).This multi-cohort study delineates the antithetical impacts of LRP1b-del in nsqNSCLCs and sqNSCLCs on predicting the benefits from ICI alone or with chemotherapy over chemotherapy *** findings highlight the distinct clinical utility of LRP1b-del in guiding treatment choices for nsqNSCLCs and sqNSCLCs,emphasizing the necessity for a detailed analysis based on pathological subtypes when investigating biomarkers for cancer therapeutics.

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