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Differentiation of lethal and non lethal prostate cancer： PSA and PSA isoforms and kinetics

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 355-360,I0004页

作者： h Ballentine Carter Department of Urology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287-2101 USA

Prostate-specific antigen （PSA） testing for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer has led to a decrease in cancer mortality. however, the high prevalence of low-grade prostate cancer and its long natural history, competing causes of death in older men and treatment patterns of prostate cancer, have led to dramatic overtreatment of the disease. Improved markers of prostate cancer lethality are needed to reduce the overtreatment of prostate cancer that leads to a reduced quality of life without extending life for a high proportion of men. The PSA level prior to treatment is routinely used in multivariable models to predict prostate cancer aggressiveness. PSA isoforms and PSA kinetics have been associated with more aggressive phenotypes, but are not routinely employed as part of prediction tools prior to treatment. PSA kinetics is a valuable marker of lethality post treatment and routinely used in determininE the need for salva=e theraov.

关键词： benign PSA human kallikrein 2 precursor form of PSA prostate specific antigen PSA kinetics unbound or free PSA

Seasonal characteristics of biomass burning contribution to Beijing aerosol

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第5期48卷 481-488页

作者： Cachier h. Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences CNRS-CEA Gif sur Yvette France

110 atmospheric aerosol samples collected from November 1997 to October 1998 at two monitoring sites (Ming Tomb and Temple heaven) in Beijing were analyzed for the con-centration of organic carbon (OC) and water-soluble potassium (K+). Four biomass burning epi-sodes, namely spring farming, summer harvesting, autumn harvesting and leaf falling were iden-tified using the tracer of K+. Biomass burning contribution to the urban aerosol OC concentration in Beijing was estimated by regression analysis of OC and K+ concentration data. The slopes of regression analysis are similar at the two monitoring sites, presenting regional characteristics. Severe air pollution event occurred during autumn harvesting period in 1998 with substantial secondary OC formed, in which biomass burning was one of the major emission sources. Bio-mass burning is a prominent source of aerosol OC in Beijing and is featured by its seasonality and periodicity. It may contribute as much as 30 to 60 percent of the total OC in typical cases.

关键词： biomass burning, water-soluble potassium, OC, atmospheric aerosol, regression analysis.

Glacier Changes at Svartisen,Northern Norway,during the Last 125 Years:Influence of Climate and Other Factors

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Journal of Earth Science 2010年第2期21卷 123-136页

作者： Wilfred h Theakstone School of Environment and Development University of Manchester

The two ice caps of Svartisen, at the latitude of the Arctic Circle in Norway, supply 60 glaciers, ranging in size from 〉50 to 〈1 km^2. Until the last two decades of the 19th century, the glaciers remained close to their maximum recent （Little Ice Age） size. In response to the prevailing 20th century climate, they have become smaller, but the changes have varied between glaciers. Climatic factors have not been the sole control of the variations. The response times of small, steep glaciers are shorter than those of the longer, more gently sloping outlet glaciers. Topographic factors may moderate the response of individual glaciers to climate. The 20th century mass balance of several of the larger glaciers was dominated by calving into marginal lakes. The mass balance of Engabreen, the largest outlet of the western ice cap, has been measured every year since 1970 and the cumulative balance to 2008 was a gain of 22.7 m water equivalent. Although the pattern of annual variations probably applies to the other glaciers of Svartisen, it does not indicate their actual changes （gain or loss）. Thus, the Engabreen record is of little utility in water resource planning for the whole area.

关键词： Svartisen climatic change glacier variation calving mass balance.

hunting η-bound nuclei

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1218-1223页

作者： h.Machner Institut für Kernphysik Forschungszentrum Jülich Fakultt für Physik Universitt Duisburg-Essen

The η meson can be bound to atomic *** search is discussed in the form of final state interaction for the reactions dp → 3 heη and dd → 4 heη.For the latter case tensor polarized deuterons were used in order to extract the s-wave *** both reactions complex scattering lengths are deduced： a 3 heη = ± 10.7±0.8 ＋0.1 -0.5 ＋i· 1.5±2.6 ＋1.0-0.9 fm and a 4 heη = [±（3.1±0.5）＋i·（0±0.5）] *** a two-nucleon transfer reaction under quasi-free conditions,p^ 27 Al → ^3 heX,was *** system X can be the bound 25 Mg  η at *** a possible decay of an intermediate N  （1535） is required,a highly significant bump shows up in the missing mass *** data give for a bound state a binding energy of 13.3±1.6 MeV and a width of σ=4.4±1.3 MeV.

关键词： η meson production η nucleus interaction final state interaction recoil free kinematics

Shell-model representations of the microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective model

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 79-90页

作者： h G Ganev Joint Institute for Nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of Mechanics Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

The structure of the irreducible collective spaces of the group Sp(12,R),which many-particle nuclear states are classified according to the chain Sp(12,R)⊃U(6)⊃SO(6)⊃SU_(pn)(3)⊗SO(2)⊃SO(3)of the proton-neutron symplectic model(PNSM),is considered in *** chain of the PNSM was recently shown to correspond to a microscopic shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective *** construction of the relevant shell-model representations of the Sp(12,R)group along this chain is considered for three nuclei with varying collective properties and from different mass *** is shown that the SU_(pn)(3)basis states of the Sp(12,R)representations belonging to the SO(6)irreps with seniorityυ≥υ0,withυ0 denoting the maximal seniority SO(6)irrep contained in the Sp(12,R)bandhead,are always Pauli allowed,but organized in a different way into different SO(6)*** is in contrast to the case of filling the levels of the standard three-dimensional harmonic oscillator and using the plethysm *** the SU_(pn)(3)multiplets withinυhe present work are important for the practical application of the microscopic version of the Bohr-Mottelson collective model.

关键词： microscopic shell-model version of the Bohr-Mottelson model proton-neutron symplectic model Sp(12,R)dynamical algebra shell-model representations

A new numerical method to solve modified Reynolds equation for magnetic head/disk working in ultra-thin gas films

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第4期51卷 424-434页

作者： howard h hU School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Pennsylvania

The modified Reynolds equation for ultra-thin gas films between magnetic head; disk assembly is difficult to solve with conventional numerical methods, since the bearing number is very large; there exist boundary layers where pressure changes rapidly. An iterative finite difference algorithm is introduced to solve the nonlinear modified Reynolds equation, with special treatment for the abrupt change in the thickness of the gas film. The numerical results for two types of magnetic heads demonstrate that the scheme is effective.

关键词： finite difference method ultra-thin gas film lubrication magnetic head/disk

Relaxation and Nonoccurrence of the Lavrentiev Phenomenon for Nonconvex Problems

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2013年第6期29卷 1185-1198页

作者： Farhad hSSEINOV Department of Economics Bilkent University

The paper studies a relaxation of the basic multidimensional variational problem, when the class of admissible functions is endowed with the Lipschitz convergence introduced by Morrey. It is shown that in this setup, the integral of a variational problem must satisfy a classical growth condition, unlike the case of uniform convergence. The relaxations constructed here imply the existence of a Lipschitz convergent minimizing sequence. Based on this observation, the paper also shows that the Lavrentiev phenomenon does not occur for a class of nonconvex problems.

关键词： Multidimensional variational problem relaxation Lavrentiev phenomenon

Genomic predictors for treatment of late stage prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 586-591页

作者： Daniel h Shevrin Department of Medicine Division of Hematology/Oncology NorthShore University HealthSystem 2650 Ridge Avenue Evanston Illinois 60201 USA

In spite of the development of new treatments for late stage prostate cancer, significant challenges persist to match individuals with effective targeted therapies. Genomic classification using high-throughput sequencing technologies has the potential to achieve this goal and make precision medicine a reality in the management of men with castrate-resistant prostate cancer. This chapter reviews some of the most recent studies that have resulted in significant progress in determining the landscape of somatic genomic alterations in this cohort and, more importantly, have provided clinically actionable information that could guide treatment decisions. This chapter reviews the current understanding of common alterations such as alterations of the androgen receptor and PTEN pathway, as well as ETS gene fusions and the growing importance of PARP inhibition. It also reviews recent studies that characterize the evolution to neuroendocrine tumors, which is becoming an increasingly important clinical problem. Finally, this chapter reviews recent innovative studies that characterize the compelling evolutionary history of lethal prostate cancer evidenced by polyclonal seeding and interclonal cooperation between metastasis and the importance of tumor clone dynamics measured serially in response to treatment. The genomic landscape of late stage prostate cancer is becoming better defined, and the prospect for assigning clinically actionable data to inform rationale treatment for individuals with this disease is becoming a reality.

关键词： advanced prostate cancer genomic alterations lethal prostate cancer precision medicine targeted therapy whole-genomesequencing

Two-photon processes at Belle

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 801-806页

作者： h.Nakazawa National Central University

We review recent measurements of pure neutral final state production in the two-photon processes, γγ→π^0π^0 and ηπ^0 at the Belle experiment. In the lower invariant mass region, properties of light scalar mesons are measured by partial wave analysis. In the higher energy region the total and differential cross section are compared with QCD models.

关键词： two-photon cross section resonance