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Nitrogen Cycling and Losses Under Rice-Wheat Rotations with Coated Urea and Urea in the Taihu Lake Region

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Pedosphere 2007年第1期17卷 62-69页

作者： WANG Xiao-Zhi ZhU Jian-Guo GAO Ren h. YAsUKAZU FENG Ke state Key Laboratory of soil and sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 （China） Environment science and Engineering College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 （China） Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350007 （China） Japan International Research Center for Agricultural sciences 1-2 Ohwashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8686 （Japan）

A lysimeter experiment with undisturbed soil profiles was carried out to study nitrogen cycling and losses in a paddy soll with applications of coated urea and urea under a rice-wheat rotation system in the Taihu Lake region from 2001 to 2003. Treatments for rice and wheat included urea at conventional, 300 （rice） and 250 （wheat） kg N ha^-1, and reduced levels, 150 （rice） and 125 （wheat） kg N ha^-1, coated urea at two levels, 100 （rice） and 75 （wheat） kg N ha^-1, and 150 （rice） and 125 （wheat） kg N ha^-1, and a control with no nitrogen arranged in a completely randomized design. The results under two rice-wheat rotations showed that N losses through both Nh3 volatilization and runoff in the coated urea treatments were much lower than those in the urea treatments. In the urea treatments N runoff losses were significantly （P 〈 0.001） positively correlated （r = 0.851） with applied N. N concentration in surface water increased rapidly to maximum two days after urea application and then decreased quickly. however, if there was no heavy rain within five days of fertilizer application, the likelihood of N loss by runoff was not high. As the treatments showed little difference in N loss via percolation, nitrate N in the groundwater of the paddy fields was not directly related to N leaching. The total yield of the two rice-wheat rotations in the treatment of coated urea at 50% conventional level was higher than that in the treatment of urea at the conventional level. Thus, coated urea was more favorable to rice production and environmental protection than urea.

关键词： ammonia volatilization coated urea N cycling percolation runoff

O13 Computer simulations as Alternatives in Education and in Research： the sim-and cLabs-Programs and the Biosim Project

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中国药理通讯 2006年第2期23卷 10-11页

作者： h. A. Braun h. schneider B. Wollweber s. Postnova M. T. huber K. Voigt Neurodynamics Group at the Institute of Physiology Philipps-University of MarburgGermany

Pregnancy Rate after Embryo Transfer on Day 5 and Day 6 in IVF. A systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Advances in Reproductive sciences 2021年第1期9卷 97-105页

作者： hassan s. Abduljabbar h. hashim M. Gehad heba E. hashish A. Algaradi Department Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical College King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Makkah Saudi Arabia Jeddah Fertility Center at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Dr. Erfan Bagedo General Hospital Saudi ArabiaJeddah KSA

study Question: The question: is there any difference in pregnancy rate between embryo transfer day 5 and day 6 in IVF? What Is Known Already? Blastocyst transfer is increasingly popular in assisted reproductive techn... 详细信息

strong>study Question:strong> The question: is there any difference in pregnancy rate between embryo transfer day 5 and day 6 in IVF? What Is Known Already? Blastocyst transfer is increasingly popular in assisted reproductive technology (ART) centers today. Very few articles concentrate on comparing Day 5 and Day 6 embryo transfer with conflict results. strong>Objective, study Design:strong> systematic review and meta-analysis of published controlled studies. searches conducted from 2001-2020 on PubMed. Medline, EMBAsE, and IsI Web of science Electronic database is used to collect data, using the following search terms: blastocyst, Day 5, Day 6, embryo transfer (E.T.) and pregnancy rate. strong>Materials, setting, Methods:strong> A total of 6 full-text articles preselected from 211 references, based on title and abstract. Two independent reviewers performed data selection and extraction according to the Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (PRIsMA). This systematic review was conducted according to (PICO) standard. Random-effect meta-analysis performed on all data (overall analysis). strong>Results and the Role of Chance:strong> Data from 6 relevant articles were extracted and integrated into the meta-analysis that reported clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) as an outcome in 5640 cycles, 2274 cycle had embryo transfer at day 6 and the control was 3366 cycle had embryo transfer day 5 showed a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate following Day 5 embryo transfer compared with Day 6 embryo transfer with odd ratio and 95% confidence limit 0.73 (0.66 - 0.82) p value sensitivity analysis led to similar results and conclusions.strong> Limitations, Reasons for Caution: strong>The validity of meta-analysis results depends mainly on the quality and the number of published studies available. Indeed, this meta-analysis included no randomized controlled trial (RCT). strong>Wider Implications of the Findi

关键词： Day 5 Day 6 IVF Blastocyst Clinical Pregnancy Rate

Vegetative propagation ofAesculus indica through stem cuttings treated with plant growth regulators

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第A2期20卷 171-173,I0004页

作者： Mumtaz Majeed M.A. Khan A.h.Mughal Faculty of Forestry Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Science ＆ Technology Shalimar Srinagar- 191 121 J＆K lndia

Cuttage propagation of Aesculus indica was tested by treatments with different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm）, indolebutyric acid （IBA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm） and naphthlcetic acid （NAA） @ 2000, 4000 （ppm） in dry formulation in the Forest Nursery, Faculty of Forestry, sKUAsT-K, shalimar. The cuttings treated with IBA @ 4000 ppm and IBA @ 2000 ppm had a sprouting rate of 75% and 50%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of control and other treatments. The highest rooting rate （50%） was recorded in the cuttings with the application of IBA @ 4000 ppm. The cuttings treated with IBA @ 2000 ppm had 25% rooting rate. All other treatments along with control （talc powder） failed to induce rooting. It was concluded that IBA @ 4000 ppm was a better-applied concentration for vegetative propagation ofA. indica under Kashmir conditions.

关键词： Aesculus indica indolebutyric acid rootingi stem cuttings vegetative propagation

Do networks of social interactions reflect patterns of kinship？

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Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 319-328页

作者： Joah R. MADDEN Johanna F. NIELsEN Tim h. CLUTTON-BROCK Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4QG UK. Institute of Evolutionary Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh West Mains Road Edinburgh EH9 3JT UK. Institute of Zoology Zoological Society of London Regent＇s Park London NW1 4RY UK Large Animal Research Group Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3E J UK.

The underlying kin structure of groups of animals may be glimpsed from patterns of spatial position or temporal as- sociation between individuals, and is presumed to facilitate inclusive fitness benefits. such structure may be evident at a finer, behavioural, scale with individuals preferentially interacting with kin. We tested whether kin structure within groups of meerkats suricata suricatta matched three forms of social interaction networks： grooming, dominance or foraging competitions. Networks of dominance interactions were positively related to networks of kinship, with close relatives engaging in dominance interactions with each other. This relationship persisted even after excluding the breeding dominant pair and when we restricted the kinship network to only include links between first order kin, which are most likely to be able to discern kin through simple rules of thumb. Conversely, we found no relationship between kinship networks and either grooming networks or networks of foraging competitions. This is surprising because a positive association between kin in a grooming network, or a negative association be- tween kin in a network of foraging competitions offers opportunities for inclusive fitness benefits. Indeed, the positive association between kin in a network of dominance interactions that we did detect does not offer clear inclusive fitness benefits to group members. We conclude that kin structure in behavioural interactions in meerkats may be driven by factors other than indirect fit- ness benefits, and that networks of cooperative behaviours such as grooming may be driven by direct benefits accruing to indi- viduals perhaps through mutualism or manipulation

关键词： social network Kinship social structure Grooming Dominance Meerkats

NADPh oxidase-1 deficiency offers little protection in salmonella typhimurium-induced typhlitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第46期22卷 10158-10165页

作者： Fong-Fong Chu R steven Esworthy James h Doroshow Binghui shen Department of Gastroenterology and hepatology The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope Center for Cancer Research and Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis National Cancer Institute

AIM To test whether Nox1 plays a role in typhlitis induced by salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium(s. Tm) in a mouse *** Eight-week-old male wild-type(WT) and Nox1 knockout(KO) C57BL6/J(B6) mice were administered metronidazole water for 4 d to make them susceptible to s. Tm infection by the oral route. The mice were given plain water and administered with 4 different doses of s. Tm by oral gavage. The mice were followed for another 4 d. From the time of the metronidazole application, the mice were observed twice daily and weighed daily. The ileum, cecum and colon were removed for sampling at the fourth day post-inoculation. Portions of all three tissues were fixed for histology and placed in RNAlater for m RNA/c DNA preparation and quantitative real-time PCR. The contents of the cecum were recovered for estimation of s. Tm *** We found Nox1-knockout(Nox1-KO) mice were not more sensitive to s. Tm colonization and infection than WT B6 mice. This conclusion is based on the following observations:(1) s. Tm-infection induced similar weight loss in Nox1-KO mice compared to WT mice;(2) the same s. Tm CFU was recovered from the cecal content of Nox1-KO and WT mice regardless of the inoculation dose, except the lowest inoculation dose(2 × 106 CFU) for which the Nox1-KO had one-log lower CFU than WT mice;(3) there is no difference in cecal pathology between WT and Nox1-KO groups; and(4) there are no s. Tm infection-induced changes in gene expression levels(IL-1b, TNF-α, and Duox2) between WT and Nox1-KO groups. The Alpi gene expression was more suppressed by s. Tm treatment in WT than the Nox1-KO cecum. CONCLUsION Nox1 does not protect mice from s. Tm colonization. Nox1-KO provides a very minor protective effect against s. Tm infection. Using NOX1-specific inhibitors for colitis therapy should not increase risks in bacterial infection.

关键词： Knockout mouse NADPh Oxidase-1 salmonella typhimurium Goblet cells Reactive oxygen species

Antinociceptive effects of novel epibatidine analogs through activation of α4β2 nicotinic receptors

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science China(Life sciences) 2018年第6期61卷 688-695页

作者： Weiwei Li Jingyi Cai Benjamin h Wang Lanting huang Jing Fan Yun Wang Institutes of Brain science and state Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Collaborative innovation Center for Brain Science Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China Department of Anesthesiology Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003China east shanghai high school shanghai high school international division

The study of α4β2 nicotinic receptors has provided new indications in the treatment of pain. Efforts have been made to explore new α4β2 nicotinic receptor agonists, including TC-2559, as antinociceptive drugs. In this study, we discovered a set of novel epibatidine analogs with strong binding affinities to the α4β2 nicotinic receptors. Among these compounds, C-159, C-163, and C-9515 attenuated formalin-induced nociceptive responses in mice; C-9515 caused the most potent analgesic effect, which was blocked by mecamylamine, a non-selective nicotinic receptor antagonist. Furthermore, C-9515 potently inhibited chronic constriction injury(CCI)-induced neuropathic pain in rats, which was sensitive to DhβE, a selective α4β2 subtype antagonist,indicating that its analgesic effect was mediated by the activation of the α4β2 nicotinic receptors. In conclusion, the epibatidine analog C-9515 was found to be a potent α4β2 nicotinic receptor agonist with potent analgesic function, which demonstrated potential for the further exploration of its druggability.

关键词： α4β2 nicotinic receptor pain formalin test chronic constriction injury

Review of 5-FU resistance mechanisms in colorectal cancer:clinical significance of attenuated on-target effects

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2023年第2期6卷 257-272页

作者： William h.Gmeiner Charles Chidi Okechukwu Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology Graduate Program InstitutionWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27157USA

The emergence of chemoresistant disease during chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil-based(5-FU-based)regimens is an important factor in the mortality of metastatic CRC(mCRC).The causes of 5-FU resistance are multifactorial,and besides DNA mismatch repair deficiency(MMR-D),there are no widely accepted criteria for determining which CRC patients are not likely to be responsive to 5-FU-based ***,there is a need to systematically understand the mechanistic basis for 5-FU treatment failure and an urgent need to develop new approaches for circumventing the major causes of 5-FU *** this manuscript,we review mechanisms of 5-FU resistance with an emphasis on:(1)altered anabolic metabolism limiting the formation of the primary active metabolite Fluorodeoxyuridylate(5-Fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-O-monophosphate;FdUMP);(2)elevated expression or activity of the primary enzymatic target thymidylate synthase(Ts);and(3)dysregulated programmed cell death as important causes of 5-FU ***,these causes of 5-FU resistance can potentially be overcome through the use of next-generation fluoropyrimidine(FP)polymers(e.g.,CF10)that display reduced dependence on anabolic metabolism and more potent Ts inhibitory activity.

关键词： Fluoropyrimidine 5-FU resistance colorectal cancer chemotherapy precision medicine thymidylate synthase

A study on integrated design conjugation profiles application analysis of scroll profiles for automobile air conditioning

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science China(Technological sciences) 2011年第6期54卷 1496-1504页

作者： WANG LiCun DU Li ZhANG XianMing WANG XuDong ChEN Bin sinan h hUssAIN National Engineering Research Center of Fluid Machinery and Compressor Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment of Ministry of Education CTBU Chongqing 400067 China state Key Laboratory of Mechanic Transmission Chongqing University Chongqing 400030 China Mechanical Engineering Department Mosul University Mosul 31313 Iraq

The research on scroll profiles theory at present mainly is aiming at the single profile and its amelioration or parameter optimization,not aiming at the natural characteristic of the profiles equation of scroll profiles ***,the intrinsic differential equation bearing on arc-length and tangent direction angle was *** the inherent differential equation and general functional theory,the conversion ideas between the expression of intrinsic differential equation and the expression in Cartesian coordinate was studied,and the condition of involutes characteristic was *** detailed analysis of four typical scroll profiles was *** to the four typical scroll profiles and based on the method of Taylor series,the unified formation of general functional integration scroll profiles was established,which perfected general theory of scroll profiles *** envelope method to seek conjugation engagement profiles was *** unified general functional equation of scroll profiles represented the admissible function scrolls and the conjugation engagement characteristic of which was *** engagement condition of conjugation scroll profiles and the expression in Cartesian coordinate of conjugation scroll profiles of general functional integration scroll profiles were ***,the restriction of inherent characteristics of single scroll profiles model is broken *** modeling and machine tool path simulation can bridge the gap between design and manufacture which is essential for the design and manufacture of scroll *** this method a perfect solid model can be achieved,which leads to an optimal design in terms of quality,delivery time and *** presentation of unified formation of general functional integration scroll profiles represents foundation factor of instinct characteristics of scroll profiles,which widens the design method of scroll compressor for automobile air conditioning.

关键词： automobile air conditioning scroll compressor profiles integrated design expression transform application analysis