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New Antenna Array Beamforming Techniques Based on hybrid Convolution/Genetic Algorithm for 5G and Beyond Communications

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2749-2767页

作者： Shimaa m.Amer Ashraf A.m.Khalaf Amr h.hussein Salman A.Alqahtani mostafa h.Dahshan hossam m.Kassem Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Higher Institute of Engineering and TechnologyKafr ElsheikhEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMiniaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringHorus University EgyptNew DamiettaEgypt Department of Computer Engineering College of computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia School of Computing Mathematics and EngineeringCharles Sturt UniversityBathurstNSW2795Australia

Side lobe level reduction(SLL)of antenna arrays significantly enhances the signal-to-interference ratio and improves the quality of service(QOS)in recent and future wireless communication systems starting from 5G up to ***,it improves the array gain and directivity,increasing the detection range and angular resolution of radar *** study proposes two highly efficient SLL reduction *** techniques are based on the hybridization between either the single convolution or the double convolution algorithms and the genetic algorithm(GA)to develop the Conv/GA andDConv/GA,*** convolution process determines the element’s excitations while the GA optimizes the element *** m elements linear antenna array(LAA),the convolution of the excitation coefficients vector by itself provides a new vector of excitations of length N=(2m−1).This new vector is divided into three different sets of excitations including the odd excitations,even excitations,and middle excitations of lengths m,m−1,andm,*** the same element spacing as the original LAA is used,it is noticed that the odd and even excitations provide a much lower SLL than that of the LAA but with amuch wider half-power beamwidth(hPBW).While the middle excitations give the same hPBWas the original LAA with a relatively higher *** the increased hPBWof the odd and even excitations,the element spacing is optimized using the ***,the synthesized arrays have the same hPBW as the original LAA with a two-fold reduction in the ***,for extreme SLL reduction,the DConv/GA is *** this technique,the same procedure of the aforementioned Conv/GA technique is performed on the resultant even and odd excitation *** provides a relatively wider hPBWthan the original LAA with about quad-fold reduction in the SLL.

关键词： Array synthesis convolution process genetic algorithm(GA) half power beamwidth(hPBW) linear antenna array(LAA) side lobe level(SLL) quality of service(QOS)

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A new technique for fault diagnosis in transformer insulating oil based on infrared spectroscopy measurements

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high Voltage 2024年第2期9卷 319-335页

作者： mohamed m.F.Darwish mohamed h.A.hassan Nagat m.K.Abdel-Gawad matti Lehtonen Diaa-Eldin A.mansour Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairoEgypt Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation School of Electrical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspooFinland Department of Electrical Power Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology(E-JUST)New Borg El-Arab CityEgypt Department of Electrical Power and machines Engineering Faculty of EngineeringTanta UniversityTantaEgypt

Condition monitoring of the insulating system within power transformers has a massive importance according to the electrical *** gas analysis(DGA)is frequently used for this ***,DGA lacks the necessary level of accuracy to identify all equipment faults,particularly in their initial stages of ***,it does not have the capability for real-time monitoring and relies on manual sampling and laboratory testing,causing potential delays in fault ***,the interpretation of DGA data necessitates specialised expertise,which may pose difficulties for smaller entities that have limited access to ***,the contribution of this research is to use infrared spectroscopy measurements as a new effective technique substituting the DGA method for fault diagnosis in insulating *** inception faults that were considered in this study were the electrical fault(discharges of high energy)and the thermal fault(300°Cmperaturehat,two test cells were crafted especially for serving the simulation processes inside the laboratory for both types of inception ***,six samples of pure paraffinic mineral oil were taken to be degraded in the *** that,all of them besides another sample that were not subjected to any kind of faults were taken to be examined by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy to obtain an overview of the oil's behaviour in each fault *** that,the FTIR analysis was initially verified utilising the DGA ***,for further affirmation,the dielectric dissipation factor(DDF)for all samples was *** the final analysis,the verification tests provide experimental evidence about the outperformance of this new optical technique in detecting the transformer's inception faults in addition to proving its potential for being a superior alternative to the well-known traditional diagnostic techniques.

关键词： fault diagnosis spectroscopy

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message Verification Protocol Based on Bilinear Pairings and Elliptic Curves for Enhanced Security in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks

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Computers, materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 1029-1057页

作者： Nyangaresi V.O. Ghaib A.A. Jasim h.m. Abduljabbar Z.A. ma J. Al Sibahee m.A. Aldarwish A.J.Y. Ali A.h. Neamah h.A. Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo 40601 Kenya Department of Applied Electronics Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Tamilnadu Chennai 602105 India Information Technology Department Management Technical College Southern Technical University Basrah 61004 Iraq Department of Computer Science College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Basrah Basrah 61004 Iraq College of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen 518118 China huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen 518000 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China Computer Technology Engineering Department Iraq University College Basrah 61004 Iraq Department of mathematics College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Basrah Basrah 61004 Iraq Institute of mathematics University of Debrecen Debrecen H-4002 Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and mechatronics Faculty of Engineering University of Debrecen Debrecen 4028 Hungary

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide intelligent navigation and efficient route management, resulting in time savings and cost reductions in the transportation sector. however, the exchange of beacons and messages over public channels among vehicles and roadside units renders these networks vulnerable to numerous attacks and privacy violations. To address these challenges, several privacy and security preservation protocols based on blockchain and public key cryptography have been proposed recently. however, most of these schemes are limited by a long execution time and massive communication costs, which make them inefficient for on-board units (OBUs).Additionally, some of them are still susceptible tomany *** such, this study presents a novel protocol based on the fusion of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) and bilinear pairing (BP) operations. The formal security analysis is accomplished using the Burrows-Abadi-Needham(BAN) logic, demonstrating that our scheme is verifiably secure. The proposed scheme's informal security assessment also shows that it provides salient security features, such as non-repudiation, anonymity, and unlinkability. moreover, the scheme is shown to be resilient against attacks, such as packet replays, forgeries,message falsifications, and impersonations. Fromthe performance perspective, this protocol yields a 37.88% reduction in communication overheads and a 44.44% improvement in the supported security features. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be deployed in VANETs to provide robust security at low overheads. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： Attacks bilinear elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) privacy security vehicular ad hoc network (VANET)

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Enhancing fault-clearing algorithm for renewable-energy-based distribution systems using artificial neural networks

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 97-116页

作者： Rania G.mohamed m.A.Ebrahim Shady h.E.Abdel Aleem Electrical Engineering Department Institute of Aviation Engineering and TechnologyGiza12658Egypt Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering at ShoubraBenha UniversityCairo11629Egypt

Integrating small and large-scale photovoltaic(PV)solar systems into electrical distribution systems has become mandatory due to increased electricity bills and the concern for limiting greenhouse ***,the reliable and efficient operation of PV-based distribution systems can be confronted by the intermittence and high variability of solar sources and their consequential *** this regard,this article suggests a moderated fault-clearing strategy based on the incremental conductance–maximum power point tracking(IC–mPPT)technique and artificial neural networks(ANNs)to enhance fault detection,localization,and restoration pro-cesses in PV-based distribution *** proposed strategy leverages IC–mPPT to ensure optimal power generation from the PV solar system,even in the presence of *** tracking the maximum power point,the algorithm maintains the performance of the system and mitigates against the impact of faults on the output ***,an ANN is employed to improve fault detec-tion and localization *** developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy is trained using historical data and fault scenarios,enabling it to recognize fault patterns and make informed decisions through extensive simulations and comparisons with traditional fault-clearing *** accomplish this study,benchmarks in PV-based distribution systems are constructed and em-ployed using the mATLAB®/Simulink®software ***,to validate the efficacy of the developed ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy,a real case study of a 1-mW PV-based distribution system in an industrial field located in Giza governorate,Egypt,is tested and *** obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the IC–mPPT and ANN-based moderated fault-clearing strategy in achieving faster fault detection,precise fault localization,and efficient restoration in PV solar-based dis-tribution systems while preserving maximum power extraction under small and larg

关键词： photovoltaic solar systems fault-clearing algorithm incremental conductance renewable energy artificial neural network maximum power point tracking

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Crystal structure and luminescence dynamics of highly pure Lim(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m=Sr,Ca) red phosphors for white light emitting diodes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1470-1478,I0002页

作者： Payal Khajuria m.manhas A.K.Bedyal Ankush Vij h.C.Swart Vinay Kumar Department of Physics and Astronomical Sciences Central University of JammuRahy-Suchani.Samba1143J&KIndia Department of Physics School of SciencesCluster University of JammuCanal RoadJammu180001India Department of Physics University of Petroleum and Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand248007India Department of Physics University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339BloemfonteinZA 9300South Africa

highly pure red phosphors Lim(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)(m=Sr,Ca) doped with Eu^(3+)(1 mol%) were synthesized via solution combustion method and their crystal structure and luminescence dynamics were studied to explore its suitability in white light emitting *** Rietveld refinement analysis of the powder Xray diffraction patterns reveals that the phosphors belong to the pure triclinic phase of LiSr(PO_(3))_(3) and LiCa(PO_(3)) with space group P-1(2).The scanning electron microscopy images showed the agglomerated *** photoluminescence emission spectra under 393 nm show an orange band at 594 nm and a red band at 613 nm ascribed to ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1).^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2) transitions of Eu^(3+)ion in both the ***,the spectroscopic properties such as luminescence behaviour,and Stark splitting were used to examine the symmetry of Eu^(3+)ions in Lim(PO_(3))_(3):Es^(3+)(m=Sr,Ca) phosphors in terms of distortion induced upon *** Stark splitting shows that the actual site symmetry for Eu^(3+)ion was estimated to be D_(2) type for both *** photometric properties of LiCa(PO_(3))_(3):Eu^(3+)such as Commission International de l'Eclairage coordinates(x=0.64,y=0.36) near to the standard one(red),high color purity(95%) and higher brightness reveal that the phosphor has the capability of acting as a red component in n-UV white light emitting diodes.

关键词： Photoluminescence Phosphate WLEDs Stark splitting Rare earths

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Ballistic design and testing of a composite armour reinforced by CNTs suitable for armoured vehicles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 173-195页

作者： Evangelos Ch.Tsirogiannis Evangelos Daskalakis mohamed h.hassan Abdalla m.Omar Paulo Bartolo EODh SA Research and Development DepartmentLakkoma Chalkidikis63080Greece School of mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore

This paper is investigating the use of composite armour reinforced by nanomaterials, for the protection of light armoured(LAV) and medium armoured military vehicles(mAV), and the interaction between the composite materials and high-performance ballistic projectiles. Four armour materials, consisted of front hybrid fibre reinforced polymer cover layer, ceramic strike-face, fibre reinforced polymer intermediate layer and the metal matrix composite reinforced backplate, were manufactured and assembled by adhesive technology. The proposed laminated protection system is suitable for armoured ground vehicles;however, it could be used as armour on ground, air and naval platforms. The design of the protection system, including material selection and thickness, was elaborated depending on the performance requirements of Level 4 + STANAG 4569 military standard(projectile 14.5 mm × 114 mm API B32) and especially on a design philosophy which is analysed with the specifications. The backplate of this new composite is a hybrid material of metal matrix Composite(mmC) reinforced with carbon nanotubes(CNTs), manufactured with the use of powder metallurgy technique. The composite backplate material was morphologically, mechanically and chemically analysed. Results show that all plates are presenting high mechanical properties and ballistic characteristics, compared to commonly used armour plates. Real military ballistic tests according to AEP-STANAG 4569 were carried out for the total composite armour systems. After the ballistic tests, AA2024-CNT3 showed the best protection results, compared with the other plates(AA2024-CNT1 and AA2024-CNT2), with the projectile being unable to fully penetrate the composite plate.

关键词： Passive armour protection Protective armour Ballistic performance hybrid composites Vehicle protection

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKm supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda mackenzie m.Lieberman Caitlin m.James Shivana m.Lightman Jason h.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi hou Andrew m.Intlekofer Richard m.higashi Teresa W.m.Fan Andrew N.Lane Kevin h.Eng Brahm h.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott h.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the m1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKm2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKm alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKm2

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Evaluation of large language models for the classification of medical device software

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 819-822页

作者： Yu han Aaron Ceross Florence Bourgeois Paulo Savaget Jeroen h.m.Bergmann Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOld Road CampusOxford OX37QDUK harvard-mIT Center for Regulatory Science Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Computational health Informatics Program(ChIP) Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA Department of Technology and Innovation The University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark

Amidst the rapidly expanding integration of large language models(LLms)across various sectors(ranging from everyday applications to specialized fields demanding stringent regulatory adherence),our investigation seeks to determine how well these models can support medical device software *** device classification functions to systematically categorize devices according to their designated use,associated risk levels,and requisite regulatory oversight,thereby providing a structured framework for ensuring safety and efficacy as mandated by regulatory authorities.

关键词： everyday demanding thereby

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Empirical model for fusion cross sections of Ca-induced reactions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第3期48卷 126-132页

作者： Reddi Rani.L N.Sowmya K.N Sridhar h C.manjunatha m.m.Armstrong Arasu Department of Physics St.Joseph's College(Autonomous)Affiliated to Bharathidasan UniversityTiruchirappalli620002TNIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeChikkaballapur-562101KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeMalur-563160KarnatakaIndia Department of Physics Govt.First.Grade CollegeDevanahalli-562110KarnatakaIndia

A new empirical formula for the astrophysical S-factor has been suggested as a function of the Coulomb interaction parameter,center of mass energy,and barrier *** 22 fusion reactions with ^(40,48)Ca as projectiles were considered for different targets,leading to compound nuclei with atomic and mass numbers varying between 40≤Z≤≤Z≤112 and 88≤A≤27888≤A≤278,*** fusion cross-sections have been estimated using the geometric factor,the Gamow-Sommerfield factor,and the empirical formula for the *** study's findings showed better agreement with those of available experiments when compared to Wong's *** present work leads to a smaller standard deviation value than Wong's formula when used to correlate the experimental data of calcium-induced fusion ***'s formula provides a good approximation of fusion cross-sections when the center of mass energy is below the fusion barrier when compared to above the fusion barrier.

关键词： fusion cross-sections Wong formula Gamow-Sommerfield-factor Geometric-factor S-factor

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Structural Analysis for Qazzaz metamorphic Core Complex,Northwestern Arabian Shield,Saudi Arabia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第5期98卷 1187-1201页

作者： mansour h.AL-hAShIm Osama m.K.KASSEm Department of Geology and Geophysics College of ScienceKing Saud University11451 RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Geology National Research CenterCairoEgypt

Identifying deformational mechanisms and associated structures at various scales,ranging from regional-scale structures to microscopic fabric,is crucial for the assessment of tectonic ***-three samples were taken from the Qazzaz metamorphic core complex to estimate the finite strain for felsic and mafic *** samples included gneisses rocks,monzogranite,and metavolcano-sedimentary rocks for both the Thalbah and Bayda *** the Rf/j and Fry methods,the axial ratios(XZ)range about 2.20 to 7.10 and 1.90 to 9.10,*** various rock units,the strain measurements show moderate to highly *** of the observed samples show shallow WNW dipping along a N to WNW trend of finite strain(X).The short axes(Z)based to be subvertical foliation related with a subhorizontal *** results demonstrate that contacts generated at semi-brittle to ductile deformation and that the strain of magnitude has the same value for different lithologic *** concluded that nappe generation in orogens results from pure shear deformation.

关键词： Finite strain metamorphic core complex Qazzaz area Saudi Arabia

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