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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown Rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz heidi R.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

Role of formyl peptide receptor 2(FPR2) in the normal brain and in neurological conditions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第12期14卷 2071-2072页

作者： Wei-Yi ong john jia En Chua Department of Anatomy Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Life Sciences Institute Neurobiology Research Programme National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeInstitute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore

There is much recent interest in the role of the anti-inflammatory molecules and their receptors in the normal brain and in neurological disorders. The formyl peptide receptor (FPR) subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors play important roles in these processes. Binding to specific peptides triggers activation of FPRs, leading to signalling events that regulate inflammatory responses. One member of this subfamily of receptors is FPR2, also known as ALX (the lipoxin A4 (LXA4) receptor). FPR2 is specifically activated by LXA4 and resolvin D1 (RvD1)(Pirault and ***, 2018).

关键词： Role receptor normal brain

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny Cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory hBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Mental stress, atheroma, myocardial ischaemia and injury: the link is inflammation

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General Psychiatry 2023年第6期36卷 454-462页

作者： hean Teik ong jinghong Chen Cardiology HT Ong Heart Clinic GeorgetownPenangMalaysia Editorial Office of General Psychiatry Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Increasing observational and experimental trial data have shownthat mental stress can lead toan increase in adverse clinical cardiovascular *** stress affects the heart by inducing ischaemia and precipitating myocardial infarction(MI)or direct myocardial *** stress leads to systemic *** is known to cause rapid atheromatous plaque progression,instability and thrombosis—the classic type 1 *** can also lead to type 2 MI or myocarditis and *** published data linking systemic inflammation,mental stress and cardiovascular disease will be reviewed to establish the linkage between mind and heart,thereby highlighting the importance of holistically managing the patient,not only addressing separate organ ***,recent trial evidence showing the value of anti-inflammatory drugs in cardiovascular and mental conditions will be briefly considered.

关键词： inflammation drugs stress

Lycopene and male infertility

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Asian journal of Andrology 2014年第3期16卷 420-425页

作者： Damayanthi Durairajanayagam Ashok Agarwal Chloe ong Pallavi Prashast Center for Reproductive Medicine Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA Faculty of Medicine MARA University of Technology Sungai Buloh Selangor Malaysia.

Excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species （ROS） cause a state of oxidative stress, which result in sperm membrane lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and apoptosis, leading to decreased sperm viability and motility. Elevated levels of ROS are a major cause of idiopathic male factor infertility, which is an increasingly common problem today. Lycopene, the most potent singlet oxygen quencher of all carotenoids, is a possible treatment option for male infertility because of its antioxidant properties. By reacting with and neutralizing free radicals, lycopene could reduce the incidence of oxidative stress and thus, lessen the damage that would otherwise be inflicted on spermatozoa. It is postulated that lycopene may have other beneficial effects via nonoxidative mechanisms in the testis, such as gap junction communication, modulation of gene expression, regulation of the cell cycle and immunoenhancement. Various lycopene supplementation studies conducted on both humans and animals have shown promising results in alleviating male infertility--lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were decreased, while sperm count and viability, and general immunity were increased. Improvement of these parameters indicates a reduction in oxidative stress, and thus the spermatozoa is less vulnerable to oxidative damage, which increases the chances of a normal sperm fertilizing the egg. human trials have reported improvement in sperm parameters and pregnancy rates with supplementation of 4-8 mg of lycopene daily for 3-12 months. however, further detailed and extensive research is still required to determine the dosage and the usefulness of lycopene as a treatment for male infertility.

关键词： antioxidants lycopene male infertility oxidative stress reactive oxygen species sperm parameters

Long range electromagnetic field nature of nerve signal propagation in myelinated axons

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第3期31卷 619-623页

作者： Qing-Wei Zhai Kelvin j A Ooi Sheng-Yong Xu C K ong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Physics Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Department of Electronics School of Electronics Engineering and Computer SciencePeking UniversiyBeijing 100871China Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3117551 Singapore

The nature of saltatory conduction in myelinated axon described by equivalent circuit and circuit theory is still contentious. Recent experimental observations of action potentials transmitting through disjointed nerve fibers strongly suggest an electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism of the nerve signals. In this paper, we employ the electromagnetic wave model of the myelinated axon to describe action potential signal propagation. We use the experimental frequency-dependent conductivity and permittivity values of the nerve tissues in order to reliably calculate the electromagnetic modes by using electromagnetic mode solvers. We find that the electromagnetic waves above 10 khz can be well confined in extracellular fluid–myelin sheath–intracellular fluid waveguide and propagate a distance of 7 mm without much attenuation. Our study may serve as one of the fundamental researches for the better understanding of the nervous system.

关键词： action potential propagation and axons neuronal wave propagation neuroscience electrodynamics in the nervous system

Characterization of mean stem density,fibre length and lignin from two Acacia species and their hybrid

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journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 540-546页

作者： Asif javed Muhammad Seong Siang ong Wickneswari Ratnam School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Department of Forestry and Range Management University of Agriculture Faisalabad

The objective of this study was to compare the wood properties related to wood pulp quality of two widely planted Acacia species *** mangium *** Acacia auriculiformis *** *** their *** insoluble lignin content(Klason),mean stem density and fibre length differed considerably among the species and *** possessed a high percent of lignin content compared to *** and the Acacia ***,mean stem density of *** was higher than *** and the *** length of heartwood tissues was generally shorter than that of sapwood *** hybrid had longer fibres than the parent *** was negatively correlated with mean stem ***,the wood properties of the hybrid were superior to its parent *** significant intraspecific variation observed for wood properties of Acacia species could be used in breeding superior hybrids combining desirable traits of the two *** thedifficulty involved in accurately measuring the lignin content compared to mean stem density,selection for plants with low lignin content can be achieved by indirect selection of high mean stem density.

关键词： Acacia mangium × Acacia auriculiformis hybrid Fibre length Indirect selection Lignin content Mean stem density

Ascending retrocecal appendicitis presenting with right upper abdominal pain:Utility of computed tomography

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第28期15卷 3576-3579页

作者： Eugene Mun Wai ong Sudhakar Kundapur Venkatesh Department of Diagnostic Radiology National University Hospital Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 119074 Singapore

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical condition that is usually managed with early surgery, and is associated with low morbidity and mortality. however, some patients may have atypical symptoms and physical findings that may lead to a delay in diagnosis and increased complications. Atypical presentation may be related to the position of the appendix. Ascending retrocecal appendicitis presenting with right upper abdominal pain may be clinically indistinguishable from acute pathology in the gallbladder, liver, biliaw tree, right kidney and right urinary tract. We report a series of four patients with retrocecal appendicitis who presented with acute right upper abdominal pain. The clinical diagnoses at presentation were acute cholecystitis in two patients, pyelonephritis in one, and ureteric colic in one. Ultrasound examination of the abdomen at presentation showed subhepatic collections in two patients and normal findings in the other two. Computed tomography （CT） identified correctly retrocecal appendicitis and inflammation in the retroperitoneum in all cases. In addition, abscesses in the retrocecal space （n = 2） and subhepatic collections （n = 2） were also demonstrated. Emergency appendectomy was performed in two patients, interval appendectomy in one, and hemicolectomy in another. Surgical findings confirmed the presence of appendicitis and its retroperitoneal extensions. Our case series illustrates the usefulness of CT in diagnosing ascending retrocecal appendicitis and its extension, and excluding other in- fiammatory conditions that mimic appendicitis.

关键词： Retrocecal appendicitis Upper abdominalpain Computed tomography

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of fish scale loaded TiO_2 composites under solar light irradiation

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1142-1148页

作者： Li-Ngee ho Soon-An ong hakimah Osman Fong-Mun Chong School of Materials Engineering University Malaysia Perlis02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia School of Environmental Engineering University Malaysia Perlis02600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Fish scale （FS） loaded TiO2 composites were investigated as photocatalysts in degradation of Methyl Orange under solar light irradiation. Composites were prepared through sol-gel method by varying mass ratio of TiO2/FS at 90：10, 70：30 and 50：50, respectively. The catalysts prepared in this study were characterized by using XRD, SEM, FT-IR and nitrogen sorption. The effects of solar irradiation, mass ratio of TiO//FS composites, irradiation time and catalyst loadings were studied. Synergistic effect was found in TiO2/FS of 90：10 composite which performed higher photocatalytic degradation than synthesized TiO2 under solar light irradiation. however, further increasing fish scale content in the composites reduced the photocatalytic activity drastically. Under solar light irradiation, all the catalysts in this study exhibited photocatalytic activity, except TiO2/FS of 50：50 composite that only acted as a weak biosorbent without performing any photocatalytic property. Photocatalytic degradation increased with increasing catalyst loading and irradiation time but decreased with increased of initial dye concentration.

关键词： photocatalytic degradation dye fish scale TiO2

Role of adjunctive treatment strategies in COVID-19 and a review of international and national clinical guidelines

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Military Medical Research 2020年第2期7卷 209-227页

作者： Xin-Ni Xu Yew Kwang ong De Yun Wang Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery National University Hospital SystemSingaporeSingapore Department of Otolaryngology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

The coronavirus disease(COVID-19)pandemic has led to a global struggle to cope with the sheer numbers of infected persons,many of whom require intensive care support or eventually succumb to the *** outbreak is managed by a combination of disease containment via public health measures and supportive care for those who are *** date,there is no specific anti-COVID-19 ***,the urgency to identify treatments that could turn the tide has led to the emergence of several investigational drugs as potential candidates to improve outcome,especially in the severe to critically *** many of these adjunctive drugs are being investigated in clinical trials,professional bodies have attempted to clarify the setting where the use of these drugs may be considered as off-label or compassionate *** review summarizes the clinical evidence of investigational adjunctive treatments used in COVID-19 patients as well as the recommendations of their use from guidelines issued by international and national organizations in healthcare.

关键词： COVID-19 Adjunctive treatment Chloroquine Lopinavir-ritonavir Remdesivir Corticosteroids Umifenovir Convalescent plasma