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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 6-7页

作者： Qiyan Wu Qing li State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The continuous combustion of unsustainable carbon-based fossil fuels has dramatically accelerated the increase in carbon dioxide(CO_(2))concentration in the atmosphere(from approximately278.3 ppm in 1750 to 417.9 ppm in 2023),which would exacerbate environmental problems such as greenhouse effect[1].The effective electrosynthesis of high value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+))chemicals(e.g.,ethanol,ethylene)from CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is a promising strategy to mitigate these environmental issues mentioned above but remains highly challenging due to the competition of hydrogen evolution reaction(hER)and low selectivity of target products.

关键词： intermetallic alloy carbon

Regulating crystallization and retarding oxidation in Sn-Pb perovskite via 1D cation engineering for high performance all-perovskite tandem solar cells

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 646-652页

作者： Ranran liu Xin Zheng Zaiwei Wang Miaomiao Zeng Chunxiang Lan Shaomin Yang Shangzhi li Awen Wang Min li jing Guo Xuefei Weng Yaoguang Rong Xiong li Michael Grätzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesState Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingWuhan University of Technology430070HubeiChina Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO) Chinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123JiangsuChina School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228HainanChina

All-perovskite tandem solar cells have the potential to surpass the theoretical efficiency limit of single junction solar cells by reducing thermalization ***,the challenges encompass the oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and uncontrolled crystallization kinetics in Sn-Pb perovskites,leading to nonradiative recombination and compositional heterogeneity to decrease photovoltaic efficiency and operational ***,we introduced an ionic liquid additive,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (EMIMI) into Sn-Pb perovskite precursor to form low-dimensional Sn-rich/pure-Sn perovskites at grain boundaries,which mitigates oxidation of Sn^(2+)to Sn^(4+)and regulates the film-forming dynamics of Sn/Pb-based perovskite *** optimized single-junction Sn-Pb perovskite devices incorporating EMIMI achieved a high efficiency of 22.87%.Furthermore,combined with wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cells in tandem device,we demonstrate 2-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells with a power conversion efficiency of 28.34%,achieving improved operational stability.

关键词： All-perovskite tandem solar cells Sn-Pb perovskite 1D Regulated crystallization Antioxidation

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Reduced Salinity Interacts with Enriched Nitrogen to Enhance the Photosynthetic Efficiency of Chlorophyta Ulva fasciata

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journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 130-138页

作者： WAN Mingyue BAI lingling NI Guangyan li li TAN Yehui li Gang Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Daya Bay Marine Biology Research Station Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518121China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Pharmaceutical Science Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China National Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

Macroalgae dominate nutrient dynamics and function as high-value foods for microbial,meio-and macrofaunal communities in coastal *** of this vital role,it is important to clarify the physiological information associated with environmental changes as it reflects their growth *** evaluate the effects of the changes in salinity and nutrients,the photosynthetic efficiency of a green macroalga Ulva fasciata from the Daya Bay was tested at a range of salinity(i.e.,31 to 10 psu)and nitrogen content(i.e.,5 to 60μmol L^(-1)).The results showed that cellular chlorophyll a(Chl a),carbohydrate and protein contents of *** were increased due to reduced salinity,and were decreased by interactive nitrogen *** a short culture period(i.e.,18 h),the reduced salinity decreased the maximum photosynthetic efficiency(rETRmax and Pmax)derived from the rapid light response curve and photosynthetic oxygen evolution rate versus irradiance curve,respectively,as well as the saturation irradiance(E_(K)).This reducing effect diminished with enlonged cultivation time and reversed to a stimulating effect after 24 h of *** nitrogen enrichment stimulated the rETRmax and Pmax,as well as the E_(K),regardless of salinity,especially within short-term cultivation period(i.e.,h).In addition,our results indicate that seawater freshening lowers the photosynthetic efficiency of *** in the short term,which is mitigated by nitrogen enrichment,but stimulates it in the long term,providing insight into how macroalgae thrive in coastal or estuarine waters where salinity and nutrients normally covary strongly.

关键词： reduced salinity nitrogen enrichment photosynthetic efficiency Ulva fasciata Daya Bay

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hydraulic conductivity over a wide suction range of loess with different dry densities

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 481-492页

作者： Xiaokun hou Shengwen Qi Yan li Fangcui liu Tonglu li hua li State Key Laboratory of lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Beijing100029China School of Civil Engineering University of A CoruñaA Coruña15071Spain Department of Geological Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Xi’an Jiaotong University of City CollegeXi’an710018China

Experimental research into the hydraulic conductivity curve (hCC) of unsaturated soil is limited due to the inherent challenge associated with labor, cost, and time. Typically, the hCC is estimated using the soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) based models and saturated hydraulic conductivity (ShC). however, the efficiency of the SWCC-based model is rarely assessed, and the influence of soil density and pore structure on hCC remains incomplete due to limited experimental data. To address this gap, this study employs an innovative filter-paper-based column method, which can measure the hCC over a wide suction range (e.g. 0−105 kPa), to capture the hCCs of both intact and compacted specimens with varying dry densities. The efficiency of two typical SWCC-based models is assessed using the measured data. Meanwhile, the mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) technique is employed to obtain the pore characteristic (i.e. pore size distribution (PSD)) and a method of predicting the hCC using the PSD data is proposed, emphasizing the dominant role of the pore structure in shaping the hCC. The results reveal that the dry density's influence on the hCC is primarily observed within the low suction range, corresponding to variations in the dominant and large pores. In the high suction range, the hCCs align along a linear trajectory when plotted in a log-log format. A notable finding is the overestimation of the hCC obtained from the SWCC-based models using the measured ShC. When the ShC is regarded as a fitting parameter, good agreement is achieved. The adjusted ShC value is typically 0-1 order of magnitude lower than the measured value, and this discrepancy diminishes as dry density increases. On the other hand, the proposed PSD-based model performs well with the measured ShC data. Caution is exercised when using the ShC to estimate the hCC for modeling water movement in partially saturated soil.

关键词： hydraulic conductivity curve Wide suction range Dry density Pore size distribution Saturated hydraulic conductivity

Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan tectonic belt in the northern Qaidam continent， northern Tibet

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journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Yonghui Zhao Chen Wu jie li Peter j.haproff lin Ding State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System and Resources Environment (TPESRE)， Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research， Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing Key Laboratory of Complex Oil and Gas Field Exploration and Development， Chongqing University of Science and Technology Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences， University of North Carolina Wilmington

The Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan tectonic belt of the northern Tibet Plateau experienced a protracted tectonic history， including the openings and closures of the Proto- and Paleo-Tethyan Oceans. Although the tectonic belt has been extensively studied， details regarding the tectonic processes involved in its development remain controversial. To better constrain the tectonic processes of this tectonic belt， we conducted detailed field geological mapping， zircon U-Pb geochronology， and whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic analyses. Our results show that intrusive rocks in the tectonic belt crystallized in ca. 292–233 Ma， perhaps in an arc/subduction setting. Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic data suggest that early Permian–late Triassic ultramafic-intermediate intrusions were sourced from the enriched mantle， whereas intermediate-acidic rocks were sourced from mixed crust-mantle. We present the tectonic model that involves: (1) Early Devonian–early Permian intracontinental extension occurred in the northern margin of the Qaidam continent (ca. 416 Ma–292 Ma); (2) Early Permian–late Triassic northward subduction of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean resulted in arc magmatism (ca. 292 Ma–233 Ma); and (3) subsequent late Triassic intracontinental extension (ca. 233 Ma–215 Ma). Our results suggest that the late Paleozoic–early Mesozoic development of the Zongwulong Shan-Qinghai Nanshan was related to the opening， subduction， and slab retreat of the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean， which has key implications for the tectonic evolution of the northern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词：

A comparison increasing the photodegradation power of a Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDh nanocomposite:Photocatalytic activity toward water treatment

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 437-450页

作者： Razieh Fazaeli hamid Aliyan Darrin Richeson Yuning li Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology(WIN)200 University Ave WWaterlooON N2L 3G1Canada Department of Chemistry Shahreza BranchIslamic Azad University86145-311Iran Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences Center for Catalysis Research and InnovationUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioK1N 6N5Canada

For environmental applications,it is crucial to rationally design and synthesize photocatalysts with positive exciton splitting and interfacial charge ***,a novel Agbridged dual Z-scheme Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDh plasmonic heterojunction was successfully synthesized using a simple method,with the goal of overcoming the common drawbacks of traditional photocatalysts such as weak photoresponsivity,rapid combination of photogenerated carriers,and unstable *** materials were characterized by XRD,FT-IR,SEM,TEM UV-Vis/DRS,and XPS to verify the structure and stability of the *** pristine LDh,g-C_(3)N_(4),and Ag/g-C_(3)N_(4)/CoNi-LDh composite were investigated as photocatalysts for water remediation,an environmentally motivated ***,the photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline was studied as a model *** performance of the supports and composite catalyst were determined by evaluating both the degradation and adsorption *** influence of several experimental parameters such as catalyst loading,ph,and tetracycline concentrationwere *** current study provides important data for water treatment and similar environmental protection applications.

关键词： Layered double hydroxides(LDhs) g-C_(3)N_(4) Plasmonic Ag NPs Photocatalyst,Tetracycline(TC)

Observation of e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ-+c.c.

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Chinese Physics C 2023年第4期47卷 16-25页

作者：麦迪娜 M.N.Achasov P.Adlarson M.Albrecht R.Aliberti A.Amoroso 安美儒安琪白旭红白羽 O.Bakina R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino 班勇 V.Batozskaya D.Becker K.Begzsuren N.Berger M.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi j.Bloms A.Bortone I.Boyko R.A.Briere A.Brueggemann 蔡浩蔡啸 A.Calcaterra 曹国富曹宁 S.A.Cetin 常劲帆常万玲 G.Chelkov 陈琛陈超陈刚陈和生陈玛丽陈申见陈少敏 T.Chen 陈旭荣 X.T.Chen 陈元柏陈卓俊成伟帅初晓 G.Cibinetto F.Cossio 崔佳佳代洪亮代建平 A.Dbeyssi R.E.de Boer D.Dedovich 邓子艳 A.Denig I.Denysenko M.Destefanis F.De Mori 丁勇董静董燎原董明义董翔杜书先 P.Egorov 范玉兰方建房双世方文兴方易 R.Farinelli L.Fava F.Feldbauer G.Felici 封常青冯俊华 K Fischer M.Fritsch C.Fritzsch 傅成栋高涵高原宁高扬 S.Garbolino I.Garzia 葛潘婷葛振武耿聪 E.M.Gersabeck A Gilman K.Goetzen 龚丽龚文煊 W.Gradl M.Greco 谷立民顾旻皓顾运厅关春懿郭爱强郭立波郭如盼郭玉萍 A.Guskov 韩婷婷韩文颖郝喜庆 F.A.harris 何凯凯何康林 F.h.heinsius C.h.heinz 衡月昆 C.herold M.himmelreich 侯国一侯颖锐侯治龙胡海明 j.F.hu 胡涛胡誉黄光顺黄凯旋黄麟钦黄麟钦黄性涛黄燕萍黄震 T.hussain N hüsken W.Imoehl M.Irshad j.jackson S.jaeger S.janchiv 纪全姬清平季晓斌季筱璐吉钰瑶贾泽坤姜侯兵姜赛赛江晓山 Y.jiang 焦健斌焦铮金山金毅荆茂强 T.johansson N.Kalantar-Nayestanaki 康晓珅 R.Kappert 柯百谦 I.K.Keshk A.Khoukaz P.Kiese R.Kiuchi R.Kliemt L.Koch O.B.Kolcu B.Kopf M.Kuemmel M.Kuessner A.Kupsc W.Kühn j.j.Lane j.S.Lange P.Larin A.Lavania L.Lavezzi 雷祚弘 h.Leithoff M.Lellmann T.Lenz 李翠李聪李春花李澄李德民李飞李刚李慧李贺李海波李惠静 h.N.li j.Q.li 李静舒李井文李科 L.j.li 李龙科李蕾李明浩李培荣李素娴栗帅迎李腾李卫东李卫国李旭红李晓玲李晓宇梁昊梁浩梁浩梁勇飞梁羽铁廖广睿廖龙洲 j.libby A.limphirat 林创新林德旭 T.lin 刘北江刘春秀 D.liu 刘福虎刘芳刘峰 G.M.liu h.liu, 刘宏邦刘怀民刘欢欢刘汇慧刘建北刘佳俊刘晶译刘凯刘魁勇刘珂刘亮刘露刘美宏刘佩莲刘倩刘树彬刘桐刘维克刘卫民刘翔刘英刘玉斌刘振安刘智青娄辛丑卢飞翔吕海江吕军光陆小玲卢宇卢云鹏 Z.h.Lu 罗成林罗民兴罗涛罗小兰吕晓睿吕翌丰马凤才马海龙马连良马明明马秋梅马润秋马瑞廷马骁妍马尧 F.E.Maas M.Maggiora S.Maldaner S.Malde Q.A.Malik A.Mangoni 冒亚军毛泽普 S.Marcello 孟召霞 j.G.Messchendorp G.Mezzadri h.Miao 闵天觉 R.E.Mitchell 莫晓虎 N.Yu.Muchnoi Y.Nefedov F.Nerling I.B.Nikolaev 宁哲 S.Nisar 牛艳 S.L.Olsen 欧阳群 S.Pacetti 潘祥潘越 A.Pathak M.Pelizaeus 彭海平 K.Peters 平加伦平荣刚 S.Plura S.Pogodin V.Prasad 齐法制齐航漆红荣祁鸣齐天钰钱森钱文斌钱圳乔从丰秦佳佳秦丽清覃潇平秦小帅秦中华邱进发屈三强 K.h.Rashid C.F.Redmer 任旷洁 A.Rivetti V.Rodin M.Rolo 荣刚 Ch.Ros Institute of high Energy Physics Beijing 100049China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology Beijing 102617China Bochum Ruhr-University D-44780 BochumGermany Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190China COMSATS University Islamabad Lahore CampusDefence RoadOff Raiwind Road54000 LahorePakistan Fudan University Shanghai 200433China G.I.Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS(BINP) Novosibirsk 630090Russia GSI helmholtzcentre for heavy Ion Research Gmbh D-64291 DarmstadtGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi University Nanning 530004China hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036China hebei University Baoding 071002China helmholtz Institute Mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China henan University of Science and Technology Luoyang 471003China henan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450001China huangshan College Huangshan 245000China hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China hunan University Changsha 410082China Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036India Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati I-00044FrascatiItaly INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly University of Perugia I-06100PerugiaItaly INFN Sezione di Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly University of Ferrara I-44122FerraraItaly Institute of Modern Physics Lanzhou 730000China B Ulaanbaatar 13330Mongolia jilin University Changchun 130012China johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45D-55099 MainzGermany joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 DubnaMoscow regionRussia justus-liebig-Universitaet Giessen II.Physikalisches InstitutHeinrich-Buff-Ring 16D-35392 GiessenGermany Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000China liaoning Normal Unive

Using data taken at 29 center-of-mass energies between 4.16 and 4.70 GeV with the BESⅢdetector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of approximately 18.8 fb^(-1),the process e^(+)e^(-)→pppñπ+*** observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 11.5σ.The average Born cross sections in the energy ranges of(4.160,4.380)GeV,(4.400,4.600)GeV and(4.610,4.700)GeV are measured to be(21.5±5.7±1.2)fb,(46.3±10.6±2.5)fb and(59.0±9.4±3.2)fb,respectively,where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are *** line shapes of the pñ and ppπ^(-)invariant mass spectra are consistent with phase space distributions,indicating that no hexaquark or di-baryon state is observed.

关键词： Multi-baryon channel hexaquark di-baryon states cross section measurement

Soil colloids can significantly enhance spreading of polybromodiphenyl ethers in groundwater by serving as an effective carrier

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第1期147卷 93-100页

作者： lin Duan Min li jiameng liu Wei Chen College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental CriteriaTianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China

Polybromodiphenyl ethers(PBDEs),the widely used flame retardants,are common contaminants in surface soils at e-waste recycling *** association of PBDEs with soil colloids has been observed,indicating the potential risk to groundwater due to colloid-facilitated ***,the extent to which soil colloidsmay enhance the spreading of PBDEs in groundwater is largely ***,we report the co-transport of decabromodiphenyl ester(BDE-209)and soil colloids in saturated porous *** colloids released froma soil sample collected at an e-waste recycling site in Tianjin,China,contain high concentration of PBDEs,with BDE-209 being the most abundant conger(320±30 mg/kg).The colloids exhibit relatively high mobility in saturated sand columns,under conditions commonly observed in groundwater ***,under all the tested conditions(i.e.,varying flow velocity,ph,ionic species and ionic strength),the mass of eluted BDE-209 correlates linearly with that of eluted soil colloids,even though the mobility of the colloids varies markedly depending on the specific hydrodynamic and solution chemistry conditions ***,the mass of BDE-209 retained in the columns also correlates strongly with themass of retained ***,the PBDEs remain bound to soil colloids during transport in porous *** in this study indicate that soil colloidsmay significantly promote the transport of PBDEs in groundwater by serving as an effective *** might be the reason why the highly insoluble and adsorptive PBDEs are found in groundwater at some PBDE-contaminated sites.

关键词： Polybromodiphenyl ethers Soil colloids E-waste recycling sites Groundwater Facilitated transport

B-embedded narrowband pure near-infrared(NIR)phosphorescent iridium(Ⅲ)complexes and solution-processed OLED application

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 623-626页

作者： Fuzheng Zhang Chao Shi jiale li Fulin jia Xinyu liu Feiyang li Xinyu Bai Qiuxia li Aihua Yuan Guohua Xie School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China The Institute of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies) Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Pure near-infrared(NIR)phosphorescent materials with emission peak larger than 700 nm are of great significance for the development of optoelectronics and *** have designed and synthesized two new B-embedded pure near-infrared(NIR)-emitting iridium complexes(Ir(Bpiq)2acac and Ir(Bpiq)2dpm)with peaks greater than 720 *** importantly,they exhibit very narrow phosphorescent emission with full width at half maximum(FWhM)of only about 50 nm(0.12 e V),resulting in a high NIR content(>90%)in their *** view of better optical property and solubility,the complex Ir(Bpiq)_(2)dpm was used as the emitting layer of a solution-processed OLED device,and achieved good maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE)(2.8%)peaking at 728 *** research provides an important strategy for the design of narrowband NIR-emitting phosphorescent iridium complexes and their optoelectronic applications.

关键词： Iridium complex B-embedded Near-Infrared OLED Phosphorescence

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Tailoring BaCe0.7Zr0.1(Dy0.1|Yb0.1)0.2O3-δ electrolyte through strategic Cu doping for low temperature proton conducting fuel cells:Envisioned theoretically and experimentally

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 692-701页

作者： Zaheer Ud Din Babar Muhammad Bilal hanif Yan'an li Wan-Ting Wang hanchen Tian Cheng-Xin li State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural Sciences Comenius University Bratislava

This study addresses the challenge of high sintering temperatures in proton-conducting fuel cells（PCFCs）with BaCeO3-doped *** demonstrate that 1 mol% copper（Cu） doping at the B-site of BaCe0.7Zr0.1(Dy0.1|Yb0.1)0.2O3-δ（BCZDYb） improves sintering behavior,enabling densification at1400℃.however,Cu doping disrupts stoichiometry,creating barium vacancies and reducing protonaccepting cations,affecting overall *** mechanism is confirmed through density functional theory（DFT） calculations and various experimental techniques,including crystal structure analysis using X-ray diffraction（XRD） and morphology and elemental analysis via field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM） and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy（EDS）.Electrochemical measurements are performed using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）.The ionic conductivity of1 mol% Cu-doped BCZDYb（BCZDYb-1） is 1.49×10-2S cm-1at 650℃,which is～3.58 times higher than that of BCZDYb sintered at 1200℃.The BCZDYb-1 exhibits ～16 times higher grain boundary conductivity when sintered at 1400℃,compared to undoped *** single cell employing BCZDYb-1 as the electrolyte achieved a power density of ～606 mW cm-2at 550℃.These results indicate that a controlled amount of Cu doping can enhance densification while maintaining high ionic co nductivity,making it suitable for practical applications in PCFCs operating at lower temperatures.

关键词： BaCe0.7Zr0.1(Dy0.1|Yb0.1)0.2O3−δ (BCZDYb) Cu-doping Densification Electrical conductivity Proton conducting fuel cells (PCFCs) Sintering