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Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： carina hromada Patrick heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes c.heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas h.Teuschl-Woller David hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGcs). however, the use of tNGcs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGc would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGcs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGcs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGcs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGcs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGcs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGcs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGcs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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Rheological fluid motion in tube by metachronal waves of cilia

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2017年第3期38卷 393-410页

作者： S.MAITI S.K.pandey Department of Mathematical Sciences Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Department of Mathematics The LNM Institute of Information Technology

This paper presents a theoretical study of a non-linear rheological fluid transport in an axisymmetric tube by cilia. An attempt has been made to explain the role of cilia motion in the transport of fluid through the ductus efferent of the male reproductive tract. The Ostwald-de Waele power-law viscous fluid is considered to represent the rheological fluid. We analyze pumping by means of a sequence of cilia beats from rowto-row of cilia in a given row of cells and from one row of cells to the next(metachronal wave movement). For this purpose, we consider the conditions that the corresponding Reynolds number is small enough for inertial effects to be negligible, and the wavelengthto-diameter ratio is large enough so that the pressure can be considered uniform over the cross section. Analyses and computations of the fluid motion reveal that the time-average flow rate depends on ε, a non-dimensional measure involving the mean radius a of the tube and the cilia length. Thus, the flow rate significantly varies with the cilia ***, the flow rate has been reported to be close to the estimated value 6 × 10ml/h for human efferent ducts if ε is near 0.4. The estimated value was suggested by Lardner and Shack(Lardner, T. J. and Shack, W. J. cilia transport. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 34, 325–335(1972)) for human based on the experimental observations of flow rates in efferent ducts of other animals, e.g., rat, ram, and bull. In addition, the nature of the rheological fluid, i.e., the value of the fluid index n strongly influences various flow-governed characteristics. An interesting feature of this paper is that the pumping improves the thickening behavior for small values of ε or in free pumping(?P = 0) and pumping(?P > 0) regions.

关键词： non-Newtonian fluid cilia movement metachronal wave volumetric flow flow reversal velocity at wave crest and trough

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Summer Warming Limited Bud Output Drives a Decline in Daughter Shoot Biomass through Reduced Photosynthetis of Parent Shoots in Leymus chinensis Seedlings

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1667-1675页

作者： Song Gao Ruocheng Xu Lin Li Jiao Wang Nian Liu Johannes M.h.Knops Junfeng Wang Graduate School Changchun UniversityChangchun130022China Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology Ministry of EducationInstitute of Grassland ScienceSchool of Life SciencesJilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China Jilin Agricultural Radio and Television School Changchun130599China Department of health and Environmental Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215000China

Understanding how summer warming inﬂuences the parent and daughter shoot production in a perennial clonal grass is vital for comprehending the response of grassland productivity to global ***,we conducted a simulated experiment using potted Leymus chinensis,to study the relationship between the photosynthetic activ-ity of parent shoots and the production of daughter shoots under a whole(90 days)summer warming scenario(+3°c).The results showed that the biomass of parents and buds decreased by 25.52%and 33.45%,respectively,under warming *** reduction in parent shoot biomass due to warming directly resulted from decreased leaf area(18.03%),chlorophyll a(18.27%),chlorophyll b(29.21%)content,as well as a reduction in net photosynthetic rate(7.32%)and the maximum quantum efﬁciency of photosystem II(PSII)photochemistry(4.29%).The decline in daughter shoot biomass was linked to a decrease in daughter shoot number(33.33%)by ***,the number of belowground buds increased by 46.43%.The results indicated that long-term summer warming reduces biomass accumulation in parent shoot by increasing both limitation of stoma and ***,the parent shoot allocates relatively more biomass to the belowground organs to maintain the survival and growth of ***,buds,as a potential aboveground population,could remedy for the cur-rent loss of parent shoot density by increasing the number of future daughter shoots if summer warming subsides.

关键词： Warming parent shoot bud bank photosynthesis chlorophyllﬂuorescence Leymus chinensis

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Ground-state mass of ^(22)Al and test of state-of-the-art ab initio calculations

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chinese Physics c 2024年第3期48卷 72-78页

作者：孙铭泽于越王新鹏王猛李健国张玉虎 K.Blaum 陈祖毅陈瑞九邓涵宇付超义葛文文黄文嘉焦红扬李红蕙李宏福罗胤芳廖挺 YuALitvinov 司敏帅鹏史金阳王茜邢元明徐星徐瑚珊许甫荣袁琪 T.Yamaguchi 颜鑫亮杨建成原有进周小红周旭张敏曾奇 cAS Key Laboratory of high Precision Nuclear Spectroscopy Institute of Modern PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 169117 HeidelbergGermany GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou516007China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Saitama UniversitySaitama 338-8570Japan School of Nuclear Science and Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China

The ground-state mass excess of the T_(z)=−2 drip-line nucleus ^(22)Al is measured for the first time as 18103(10)keV using the newly-developed Bρ-defined isochronous mass spectrometry method at the cooler storage ring in *** new mass excess value allowed us to determine the excitation energies of the two low-lying 1+states in ^(22)Al with significantly reduced uncertainties of 51 *** compared to the analogue states in its mirror nucleus ^(22)F,the mirror energy differences of the two 1^(+)states in the ^(22)Al-^(22)F mirror pair are determined to be−625(51)keV and−330(51)*** excitation energies and mirror energy differences are used to test the state-of-the-art ab initio valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group calculations with four sets of interactions derived from the chiral effective field *** mechanism leading to the large mirror energy differences is investigated and attributed to the occupation of theπs_(1/2) orbital.

关键词： nuclear mass Bρ-defined IMS mirror energy difference ab initio VS-IMSRG calculations chiral interactions

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clinical-based phenotypes in children with pediatric post-cOVID-19 condition

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第7期20卷 682-691页

作者： Lieke c.E.Noij Jelle M.Blankestijn coen R.Lap Marlies A.van houten Giske Biesbroek Anke-hilse Maitland-van der Zee Mahmoud I.Abdel-Aziz Johannes B.van Goudoever Mattijs W.Alsem caroline L.h.Brackel Kim J.Oostrom Simone hashimoto Suzanne W.J.Terheggen-Lagro Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy Amsterdam UMCLocation AMCEmma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterRoom G2-222Meibergdreef 91105AZAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pulmonary Medicine Amsterdam UMCAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Spaarne GasthuisHoofddorpThe Netherlands Department of Pediatrics Emma Children’s HospitalAmsterdam University Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Amsterdam Movement SciencesMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Paediatric Pulmonology Department of PaediatricsTergooi MCHilversumThe Netherlands Department of child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial care Amsterdam UMCAmsterdam Reproduction and DevelopmentAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Background Pediatric post coronavirus disease 2019(cOVID-19)condition(PPcc)is a heterogeneous syndrome,which can significantly affect the daily lives of *** study aimed to identify clinically meaningful phenotypes in children with PPcc,to better characterize and treat this *** Participants were children with physician-diagnosed PPcc,referred to the academic hospital Amsterdam UMc in the Netherlands between November 2021 and March *** factors and information on post-cOVID symptoms,comorbidities,and impact on daily life were *** clusters were identified using an unsupervised and unbiased approach for mixed data *** Analysis of 111 patients(aged 3–18 years)revealed three distinct clusters within *** 1(n=62,median age=15 years)predominantly consisted of girls(74.2%).These patients suffered relatively more from exercise intolerance,dyspnea,and smell *** 2(n=33,median age=13 years)contained patients with an even gender distribution(51.5%girls).They suffered from relatively more sleep problems,memory loss,gastrointestinal symptoms,and *** 3(n=16,median age=11 years)had a higher proportion of boys(75.0%),suffered relatively more from fever,had significantly fewer symptoms(median of 5 symptoms compared to 8 and 10 for clusters 1 and 2 respectively),and experienced a lower impact on daily *** This study identified three distinct clinical PPcc phenotypes,with variations in sex,age,symptom patterns,and impact on daily *** findings highlight the need for further research to understand the potentially diverse underlying mechanisms contributing to post-cOVID symptoms in children.

关键词： Adolescents clusters Long cOVID Pediatric Phenotypes Post-cOVID syndrome

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comparison of wear behaviour of LM13 Al−Si alloy based composites reinforced with synthetic(B_(4)c)and natural(ilmenite)ceramic particles

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of china 2021年第12期31卷 3613-3625页

作者： Rahul GUPTA Tarun NANDA O.P.pandey Mechanical Engineering Department Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala 147004PunjabIndia School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala 147004PunjabIndia

Dry sliding wear behaviour of stir-cast aluminium matrix composites(AMcs)containing LM13 alloy as matrix and ceramic particles as reinforcement was *** different ceramic particle reinforcements were used separately:synthetic ceramic particles(B_(4)c),and natural ceramic particles(ilmenite).Optical micrographs showed uniform dispersion of reinforced particles in the matrix *** particles refined the grain size of eutectic silicon and changed its morphology to globular type.B_(4)c reinforced composites(BRcs)showed maximum improvement in hardness of *** reinforced composites(IRcs)showed maximum reduction in coefficient of friction values due to strong matrix−reinforcement interfacial bonding caused by the formation of interfacial *** sliding wear behaviour of composites was significantly improved as compared to base *** low density and high hardness of B_(4)c particles resulted in high dislocation density around filler particles in *** the other hand,the low thermal conductivity of ilmenite particles resulted in early oxidation and formation of a tribo-layer on surface of ***,both types of reinforcements led to the improvement in wear properties of AMcs,though the mechanisms involved were very ***,the low-cost ilmenite particles can be used as alternative fillers to the high-cost B_(4)c particles for processing of wear resistant composites.

关键词： aluminium matrix composites ilmenite boron carbide particle-reinforcement wear test tribolayer XRD analysis SEM−EDS

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Satellite-enabled enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael T.Resende Lee hickey cibele h.Amaral Lucas L.Peixoto Gustavo E.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil ThecROP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Earth Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Environmental Data Science Innovation&Inclusion Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Joa˜o del-Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

Enviromics refers to the characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on large-scale environmental *** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapolation at a site-specific level,enviromics could inform plant breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental factors),and remote sensing could help unravel the complex interplay of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal,exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental profiles would significantly improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management platforms aggregate diverse environmental datasets obtained using optical,thermal,radar,and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors that capture detailed information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** wealth of information,coupled with freely available climate data,fuels innovative enviromics *** enviromics holds immense potential for breeding,a few obstacles remain,such as the need for(1)integrative methodologies to systematically collect field data to scale and expand observations across the landscape with satellite data;(2)state-of-the-art AI models for data integration,simulation,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scales and providing seamless interfaces to deliver forecasts to stakeholders;and(4)collaboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiologists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** these challenges is essential for leveraging the full potential of big data captured by satellites to transform 21st century agriculture and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive models enviromic information

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Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of multi-elements-doped ZrO_2 for degradation of indigo carmine

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第5期33卷 498-506页

作者： E.S.Agorku A.T.Kuvarega B.B.Mamba A.c.pandey A.K.Mishra Department of Applied chemistry University of Johannesburg University of South Africa College of Engineering Science and Technology Nanotechnology & Water Sustainability Research Unit Florida Campus Nanotechnology and Application centre University of Allahabad

In this study, c,N,S-doped ZrO2 and a series of Eu doped c,N,S-ZrO2 photocatalysts were synthesized by a coprecipitation method using thiourea as the source of c, N and S and Eu（NO3）·6h2O as source of Eu. The materials were characterized by X-ray dif-fraction （XRD）, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Indigo carmine （Ic） was chosen as a model for organic pollutants and used to evaluate the photocatalytic performance of the photo-catalysts under simulated solar light. commercial ZrO2 was used as a reference material. XRD and Raman results indicated the for-mation of both tetragonal and monoclinic phase ZrO2 with particle size ranging from 8–30 nm. Multi-element doping had a great in-fluence on the optical responses manifested as red shift in the absorption edge. The highest photocatalytic activity towards Ic was observed for the Eu,c,N,S-doped ZrO2 （0.6 mol.%Eu） sample （k=1.09×10–2 min–1）. The commercial ZrO2 showed the lowest photo-degradation activity （k=5.83×10–4 min–1）. The results showed that the control of Eu doping in the c,N,S-ZrO2 was very important in reducing electron-hole recombination. The synergistic effect of Eu, c, N, and S in the ZrO2 matrix led to enhanced utilization of simulated solar energy for the degradation of Ic through narrowing of bandgaps.

关键词： photocatalysis indigo carmine multi-elements-doped ZrO2 rare earths

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Model dependent analysis of ■→■ decays in beyond standard model

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chinese Physics c 2024年第9期48卷 86-99页

作者： S.Mahata M.Mandal h.Mahapatra S.Biswas S.Sahoo Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Durgapur

Motivated by the recent experimental results of branching fractions for ■→■ decays,which deviate from their SM predictions,we hve investigated these decays in W' model and scalar leptoquark model to determine potential signatures of new physics(NP) in semileptonic charm decays induced by c→■ *** recent experimental results of branching fractions for semileptonic D meson decays,new coupling parameters are predicted for the aforementioned NP *** fraction,forward-backward asymmetry,and lepton polarization asymmetry are examined by considering the predicted NP coupling *** results of branching fractions in scalar leptoquark model are found very close to the experimental results and exist around the range of 1σ *** presented a comparative study of the NP models to check their sensitivity on these *** anticipate that further research on these decays will significantly support our findings.

关键词： $ W' $ boson charm decay flavour changing charged current new physics scalar leptoquark

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Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering in nonuniform plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： S.Tan Q.Wang Y.chen W.B.Yao c.Z.Xiao J.F.Myatt School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Institute of Applied Physics and computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering(SRSS)is observed for the first time via two-dimensional(2D)particle-in-cell(PIc)*** construct a theoretical model for the rescattering process,which can predict the region of occurrence of mth-order SRSS and estimate its *** rescattering process is identified by the 2D PIc simulations under typical conditions of a direct-drive inertial confinement fusion *** electrons produced by second-order SRSS propagate nearly perpendicular to the density gradient and gain nearly the same energy as in first-order SRSS,but there is no cascade acceleration to produce superhot *** studies for a wide range of ignition conditions show that SRSS and associated rescatterings are robust and important processes in inertial confinement fusion.

关键词： nonuniform acceleration scattering

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