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Bioengineering liver tissue by repopulation of decellularised scaffolds

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World Journal of hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 151-179页

作者： Zeeshan afzal Emmanuel Laurent huguet Department of Surgery Addenbrookes HospitalNIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research and Academic Health Sciences CentreCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

Liver transplantation is the only curative therapy for end stage liver disease,but is limited by the organ shortage,and is associated with the adverse consequences of *** of decellularised whole organ scaffolds with appropriate cells of recipient origin offers a theoretically attractive solution,allowing reliable and timely organ sourcing without the need for *** methodologies vary widely but seek to address the conflicting objectives of removing the cellular component of tissues whilst keeping the 3D structure of the extra-cellular matrix intact,as well as retaining the instructive cell fate determining biochemicals contained *** scaffold recellularisation has progressed from small rodent in vitro studies to large animal in vivo perfusion models,using a wide range of cell types including primary cells,cell lines,foetal stem cells,and induced pluripotent stem *** these models,a limited but measurable degree of physiologically significant hepatocyte function has been reported with demonstrable ammonia metabolism in *** repopulation and function have been restricted by challenges relating to the culture and propagations of cholangiocytes,though advances in organoid culture may help address *** vasculature repopulation has enabled sustainable blood perfusion in vivo,but with cell types that would limit clinical applications,and which have not been shown to have the specific functions of liver sinusoidal endothelial *** cell groups such as Kupffer cells and stellate cells have not been *** by repopulation of decellularised scaffolds has significantly progressed,but there remain significant experimental challenges to be addressed before therapeutic applications may be envisaged.

关键词： Regenerative Bioengineering Scaffolds Liver Decellularisation Recellularisation

Pythagorean m-polar fuzzy topology with TOPSIS approach in exploring most effectual method for curing from COVID-19

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第8期13卷 65-96页

作者： Khalid Naeem Muhammad Riaz Xindong Peng Deeba afzal Department of Mathematics&Statistics The University of Lahore Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of the Punjab LahorePakistan School of Information Science and Engineering Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 GuangdongP.R.China

The corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)has emerged as a fatal *** deadly virus has taken the whole world into clutches and many people have embraced death due to this invincible *** death toll is rising with every tick of *** aspiration behind this article is to discover the preventive measure that should be taken to cope with this intangible *** study the prime notions of novel sort of topology accredited Pythagorean m-polar fuzzy topology along with its prime *** slightly amend the well-acknowledged multi-criteria decision analysis tool TOPSIS(Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)to befit the proposed multi-criteria group decision making(MCGDM)problem of exploring the most effective method for curing from COVID-19 employing the proposed model.

关键词： Pythagorean m-polar fuzzy topology COVID-19 MCGDM TOPSIS

Design Key Derivation Functions by Using Boolean Functions

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Design Key Derivation Functions by Using Boolean Functions

作者： afzal MUhAMMAD（福山）南京师范大学

学位级别：硕士

Effective link quality estimation as a means to improved end-to-end packet delivery in high traffic mobile ad hoc networks

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第3期3卷 150-163页

作者： Syed Rehan afzal Sander Stuijk Majid Nabi Twan Basten Eindhoven University of Technology Den Dolech 2 5612AZ Eindhoven The Netherlands TNO-ESI Embedded Systems Innovation De Rondom 1 5612AP Eindhoven The Netherlands

Accurate link quality estimation is a fundamental building block in quality aware multi hop routing. In an inherently lossy, unreliable and dynamic medium such as wireless, the task of accurate estimation becomes very challenging. Over the years ETX has been widely used as a reliable link quality estimation metric. however, more recently it has been established that under heavy traffic loads ETX performance gets significantly worse. We examine the ETX metric＇s behavior in detail with respect to the MAC layer and UDP data; and identify the causes of its unreliability. Motivated by the observations made in our analysis, we present the design and implementation of our link quality measurement metric xDDR - a variation of ETX. This article extends xDDR to support network mobility. Our experiments show that xDDR substantially outperforms minimum hop count, ETX and hETX in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio in static as well as mobile scenarios.

关键词： Asymmetric link quality Link-quality measurement Wireless ad hoe networks

Impact of marshy area reclamation by various vegetations on soil-nematode community structure in Dachigam National Park

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第3期5卷 123-133页

作者： humira Nesar Shahid afzal Zarrin Imran Wasim Ahmad Nematode Biodiversity Research Lab Department of ZoologyAligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India

Marshy areas are ecologically important and sensitive areas which are under immense pressure,such as reclamation by various terrestrial ***,how these vegetation types disrupt the stability of nematode community is *** present study determined how the soil nematode community responded to shifting environmental states by using nematode abundances,nematode indices and metabolic footprints as *** this context,we selected three types of reclaimed vegetation around a marshy land(MR)in Dachigam National Park,Kashmir,which includes grassland(GL),forest(FR)and cropland(CL)to investigate the soil nematode ***,Plectus,Eudorylaimus,and Aphelenchus proved more sensitive to reclamation *** revealed decrease in total nematode and bacterivore *** reduced diversity in CL,whereas no effect was observed in the GL and FR as compared to *** index indicated shift from fungal decomposition to bacterial decomposition pathway in *** nematode faunal profile depicted grassland(GL)as the most structured ecosystem compared to MR,FR,and *** results suggest that vegetation type regulates the structure,function,and stability of the soil food web,which has significant implications for managing the vegetation cover in a sustainable manner in the Dachigam National Park.

关键词： nematodes diversity vegetation habitat reclamation

An Efficient False-Positive Reduction System for Cerebral Microbleeds Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第3期66卷 2301-2315页

作者： Sitara afzal Muazzam Maqsood Irfan Mehmood Muhammad Tabish Niaz Sanghyun Seo Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAttock CampusAttockPakistan Department of Media Design and Technology Faculty of Engineering&InformaticsUniversity of BradfordBradfordBD71AZUK Department of Smart Device Engineering School of Intelligent Mechatronics EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoulSouth Korea School of Computer Art College of Art&TechnologyChung-Ang UniversityAnseong17546South Korea

Cerebral Microbleeds(CMBs)are microhemorrhages caused by certain abnormalities of brain *** can be found in people with Traumatic Brain Injury(TBI),Alzheimer’s disease,and in old individuals having a brain *** research reveals that CMBs can be highly dangerous for individuals having dementia and *** CMBs seriously impact individuals’life which makes it crucial to recognize the CMBs in its initial phase to stop deterioration and to assist individuals to have a normal *** existing work report good results but often ignores false-positive’s perspective for this research *** this paper,an efficient approach is presented to detect CMBs from the Susceptibility Weighted Images(SWI).The proposed framework consists of four main phases(i)making clusters of brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)using k-mean classifier(ii)reduce false positives for better classification results(iii)discriminative feature extraction specific to CMBs(iv)classification using a five layers convolutional neural network(CNN).The proposed method is evaluated on a public dataset available for 20 *** proposed system shows an accuracy of 98.9%and a 1.1%false-positive rate *** results show the superiority of the proposed work as compared to existing states of the art methods.

关键词： Microbleeds detection false-positive deep learning CNN

iPhosD-PseAAC:Identification of phosphoaspartate sites in proteins using statistical moments and PseAAC

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BIOCELL 2021年第5期45卷 1287-1298页

作者： ALAA OMRAN ALMAGRABI YASER DAANIAL KhAN ShER afzal KhAN Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Department of Information SystemsKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah80200Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science School of Systems and TechnologyUniversity of Management and TechnologyLahore54770Pakistan Department of Computer Sciences Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan23200Pakistan

Phosphoaspartate is one of the major components of eukaryotes and prokaryotic two-component signaling pathways,and it communicates the signal from the sensor of histidine kinase,through the response regulator,to the DNA alongside transcription features and initiates the transcription of correct response ***,the prediction of phosphoaspartate sites is critical,and its experimental identification can be expensive,time-consuming,and *** this purpose,we propose iPhosD-PseAAC,a new computational model for predicting phosphoaspartate sites in a particular protein sequence using Chou’s 5-steps rues:(1)Benchmark dataset.(2)The feature extraction techniques such as pseudo amino acid composition(PseAAC),statistical moments,and position relative features.(3)For the classification,artificial neural network AAN will be used.(4)In this step,10-fold cross-validation and self-consistency testing will be used for *** self-consistency testing,100%Acc is achieved,whereas,for 10-fold crossvalidation 95.14%Acc,95.58%Sn,94.70%Sp and 0.95 MCC are observed.(5).The final step is the development of a user-friendly web server for the ease of ***,the iPhosD-PseAAC is the first and novel predictor for accurate and efficient identification of phosphoaspartate sites.

关键词： Phosphorylation Phosphoaspartate Prediction 5-step rule Statistical moments PseAAC

Concomitant-chemoradiotherapy-associated oral lesions in patients with oral squamous-cell carcinoma

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2017年第2期14卷 176-182页

作者： Sadia Minhas Muhammad Kashif Wasif Altaf Nadeem afzal Abdul hanan Nagi Oral Pathology Department Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College Immunology Department University of Health SciencesPunjab Dentistry Department Fauji Foundation Hospital Morbid Anatomy and histopathology Department University of Health SciencesPunjab

Objective:Oral squamous-cell carcinoma(OSCC)accounts for >90% of oral cancers affecting adults mostly between the fourth to seventh decades of *** most common OSCC treatment is concomitant chemoradiotherapy(CCRT)having both locoregional and distant control,but CCRT has acute and chronic toxic effects on adjacent normal *** study aimed to determine the side effects of CCRT on the oral mucosa and to characterize the clinicopathology of oral lesions in patients with ***:This descriptive,cross-sectional study was certified by the Ethical Review Committee(UhS/Education/126-12/2728)of the University of health Sciences,Lahore,*** patients(n=81)with various histological subtypes,grades,and stages were recruited,and findings on their oral examination were *** patients received 70,90,and 119 Gy of radiotherapy dosages in combination with the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and *** were analyzed using SPSS ***:The most common presentation of OSCC was a nonhealing ulcer(63%) involving tongue(55.6%).Clinical findings included mucositis(92.6%)and xerostomia of mild,moderate,and severe degrees in 11.1%,46.9%,and 35.8% cases,***(87.7%),palpable lymph nodes(64.2%),limited mouth opening(64.2%)and fistula(40.7%) were also *** females,the association of radiotherapy dosage with limited mouth opening,xerostomia,and histological grading was statistically significant(Phe association of chemotherapy drugs with xerostomia(P=0.003)was also statistically ***:CCRT induced mucositis,xerostomia,and trismus in patients with OSCC.

关键词： OSCC CCRT oral lesions xerostomia trismus

Effects of hooked-collar on the local scour around a lenticular bridge pier

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第1期38卷 1-11页

作者： Rashid Farooq Amir hossein Azimi Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq afzal Ahmed Department of Civil Engineering International Islamic University Department of Civil Engineering Lakehead University College of Engineering and Science Victoria University Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering and Technology James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow

This paper presents the results of comprehensive laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of hooked-collar on the scour development around a vertical pier with a lenticular cross section. The flow around the pier was uniform, steady, and under the clear-water condition. The axial scour profiles for cases without and with a lenticular hooked-collar were measured and the effects of hooked-collar dimensions and elevation from the bed were examined. To compute the efficiency of hooked-collar for scour prevention, the results of local scour for a bridge pier without a collar and a bridge pier with a plain collar, without a hooked wall, were used as benchmark data sets. A wide range of hooked-collar geometries such as the ratio of collar width to the pier width, Wc/Wp, ranging from 1.5 to 3.5, the ratio of hooked-collar wall height to the pier width, hc/Wp, ranging from 0.15 to 0.6, and the ratio of collar elevation to the pier width, Ec/Wp, of-0.5, 0, and 0.5 were tested. The experimental results indicated that the equilibrium scour depth decreased with the ratio of hooked-collar to the pier width when Wcis twice the pier width, Wp. For Wc/Wp> 2, the scour depth was similar to the tests with an infinitely large pier width. In addition, the scour depth consistently reduced as the hooked-collar wall height, hc, to the pier width, Wp, approached 0.3. The highest scour reduction efficiency was achieved when the hooked-collar being placed on the bed surface. Empirical models were developed for prediction of maximum scour depth near the lenticular bridge pier with a modified collar. The results showed that the volume of scour hole around a lenticular pier increased non-linearly with the maximum scour depth and it was independent of the hooked-collar geometry.

关键词： Local scour Erosion Collar hooked-collar Lenticular pier Scour countermeasure Steady flow