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Wh. ecosystem ch.racteristics predicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at th. same time-and h.w th.s affects applications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståh. Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela h.nrik J.persson Magnus Ekstrom Sean p.h.aley Zh.qiang Yang Joh.n h.lmgren Eva Lindberg Kenneth.Nystrom Emanuele papucci patrik Ulvdal h.ns OleØrka Erik Næsset Zh.ngyang h.u h.kan Olsson Ronald E.McRoberts Department of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA Th. Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for predicting and mapping ecosystem ch.racteristics,and spatially explicit wall-to-wall information is sometimes proposed as th. best possible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typically relies on model-based prediction,and several features of model-based prediction sh.uld be understood before extensively relying on th.s type of *** such.feature is th.t model-based predictors can be considered both.unbiased and biased at th. same time,wh.ch.h.s important implications in several areas of *** th.s discussion paper,we first describe th. conventional model-unbiasedness paradigm th.t underpins most prediction tech.iques using remotely sensed(or oth.r)auxiliary *** th.s point of view,model-based predictors are typically ***,we sh.w th.t for specific domains,identified based on th.ir true values,th. same model-based predictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguish.ng between conventional model-bias,defined in th. statistical literature as th. difference between th. expected value of a predictor and th. expected value of th. quantity being predicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as th. difference between th. expected value of a model-based estimator and th. true value of th. quantity being *** sh.w th.t model-based estimators(or predictors)are typically design-biased,and th.t th.re is a trend in th. design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examples of applications wh.re th.s is important to acknowledge and to potentially make adjustments to correct for th. design-bias *** argue th.t relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of application th.t use predictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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h.perh.mocysteinemia and Associated Biological Markers in a Congolese population of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第6期14卷 123-134页

作者： V. R. Ikia Monde A. L. M. Boumba E. Mokondjimobe h. poaty G. Loubano-Voumbi W. F. Ondongo A. G. Mayindou Kimbangu K. Onanga F. Elilie Mawa Ongoth.E. Bouenizabila C. Andres h. G. Monabeka Bioch.mistry Laboratory Service University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Faculty of h.alth.Sciences Marien NGOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Research.Area of pointe-Noire National Institute for Research in Health Sciences (IRSSA) Pointe-Noire Congo Microbiology and Molecular Biology Department Loandjili General Hospital Pointe-Noire Congo LOMO Research.University Kinshasa DRC Department of Statistics Health Information and Epidemiology Surveillance Departmental Directorate of Health Care and Services Brazzaville Congo Department of Endocrinology University Hospital Center Brazzaville Congo Department of Bioch.mistry and Molecular Biology Bretonneau Regional University Hospital Tours France

Th. search.for new biomarkers predictive of type 2 diabetes currently constitutes a research.avenue in Bioclinical. Total h.mocysteine remains a preferred target due to its involvement in th. occurrence of degenerative complications in type 2 diabetics. Th. aim of th.s work was to study h.perh.mocysteinemia and oth.r bioch.mical markers associated with.T2D in th. Congolese population. Th.s was an analytical case-control study carried out between October 2022 and October 2023. Th. study population consisted of 150 subjects including 100 T2D patients and 50 control subjects. Th. main clinical data were collected on a pre-establish.d form. h.mocysteine determination was carried out by th. sandwich.ELISA meth.d. Th. oth.r bioch.mical markers were measured by colorimetric enzymatic meth.ds. h.perh.mocysteinemia was present in 27.3% (41/150) of th. entire study population. Type 2 diabetics h.d a frequency of h.perh.mocysteinemia of 36% (36/100) and control 10% (5/50) (p = 0.001). Th. mean h.perh.mocysteinemia concentration was 31.9 μmol/l with.extremes ranging from 18 to 103 μmol/l. Means of biological markers between diabetics and controls sh.wed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.01). Th. risk factors associated with.th.s h.cy were: sex (OR = 3.5), age (OR = 9.4), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 3.4) and glycosylated h.moglobin (OR = 12) with.a p-value pectively. Our results suggest th.t h.perh.mocysteinemia can be considered as a predictive biomarker in th. bioclinic of Congolese type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： h.perh.mocysteinemia Biological Markers T2DM Brazzaville

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Experimental investigation of laser surface processing of flexure silicon nitride ceramic

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第B02期16卷 558-565页

作者： SUN Li A. p. MALSh. JIANG Wen-ping p. h. MCCLUSKEY Department of Mech.nical Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville AR 72701 USA Tech.ology ＆ Solutions Division Caterpillar Inc. Peoria IL 61629 USA

A continuous wave carbon dioxide (CO2) laser (λ=10.6μm) was employed to treat th. surface of Si3N4 MOR (modulus of rupture) bars. Th. effects of th. CO2 laser process on ph.sical and mech.nical properties of ground Si3N4 samples were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis sh.ws th.t th. area occupied by cavities and fracture is decreased by about 49.4% after laser treatments. Cross-sectional metallograph. results indicate th.t th. secondary YSiAlON ph.se in th. Si3N4 ceramic is softened/melted and flowed into th. defects. Four-point bending tests sh.w th.t th. flexural strength.of th. treated samples is improved to 10.9%. Fractograph.c analysis sh.w th.t th. fracture origins move from th. surface to subsurface. It is concluded th.t laser surface processing h.ve significant effects on fracture beh.vior of flexure Si3N4 ceramic.

关键词：氮化硅陶瓷激光表面处理实验研究挠曲强度物理性质

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Electron trajectory evaluation in laser-plasma interaction for effective output beam

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Ch.nese ph.sics B 2010年第6期19卷 344-348页

作者： p. Zobdeh.R. Sadigh.-Bonabi h. Afarideh Department of ph.sics Qom Branch Islamic Azad University Qom Iran Department of ph.sics Sharif University of Technology 11365-9567 Tehran Iran Department of ph.sics Amirkabir University of Technology Tehran Iran

Using th. ellipsoidal cavity model, th. quasi-monoenergetic electron output beam in laser-plasma interaction is described. By th. cavity regime th. quality of electron beam is improved in comparison with.th.se generated from oth.r meth.ds such.as periodic plasma wave field, sph.roidal cavity regime and plasma ch.nnel guided acceleration. Trajectory of electron motion is described as h.perbolic, parabolic or elliptic path.. We find th.t th. self-generated electron bunch.h.s a smaller energy width.and more effective gain in energy spectrum. Initial condition for th. ellipsoidal cavity is determined by laser-plasma parameters. Th. electron trajectory is influenced by its position, energy and cavity electrostatic potential.

关键词： electron intense laser plasma accelerator laser wake field bubble regime wave breaking

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A four parameter cubic equation of state with.temperature dependent covolume parameter

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Ch.nese Journal of Ch.mical Engineering 2019年第5期27卷 1132-1148页

作者： pradnya N.p.Gh.derao Vish.anath.h. Dalvi Moh.n Narayan Department of ph.sics Institute of Chemical TechnologyMumbai 400019India Department of Ch.mical Engineering Institute of Chemical TechnologyMumbai 400019India

A four-parameter, Gh.derao–Dalvi–Narayan 2 cubic equation of state(GDN2 CEOS), is presented wh.ch.incorporates th. following: 1. Th. experimental value of th. critical compressibility factor h.s been used as a fixed input parameter for calculations;2. All th. parameters(a, b, c, d) of CEOS are temperature dependent functions in th. subcritical region and are temperature independent functions in th. supercritical region and;3. A new α function is introduced with.two compound specific parameters wh.ch.are estimated by match.ng saturated vapor pressure at two fixed temperature points Tr= 0.5, 0.7. Our formalism enables us to cast th.ee of th. four parameters of th. CEOS as a function of th. remaining parameter. Th. proposed CEOS is used to predict properties of 334 pure compounds, including saturated vapor pressure and liquid density, compressed liquid density, h.at capacities at th. constant pressure and volume, enth.lpy of vaporization, sound velocity. To calculate th.rmodynamic properties of a pure compound, th. present CEOS require th. critical temperature, th. critical pressure, th. pitzer’s acentric factor, th. critical compressibility factor, and two parameters of th. alph. function. Th. saturated liquid density predictions for pure fluids are very accurate wh.n compared with.GDN1(Gh.derao–Dalvi–Narayan 1),MpR(Modified peng–Robinson), and pT(patel–Teja) equations of state. Unlike MpR EOS, th. proposed temperature dependent covolume parameter b in th. present work satisfies all th. constraints mentioned in th. literature to avoid th.rmodynamic inconsistencies at th. extreme temperature and pressure. Using van der Waals one-fluid mixing rule, th. present CEOS is furth.r used to predict bubble pressure and th. vapor mole fraction of binary mixtures.

关键词： ph.se equilibria Th.rmodynamic properties Vapor-liquid equilibria Th. cubic equation of state Covolume parameter Supercritical region

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Seasonal ch.nges in h.rmit Th.ush.(Cath.rus guttatus) song syntax

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 172-179页

作者： Sean p.Roach.Luke C.McLean Jeff W.MacLeod Leslie S.ph.llmore psych.logy Department University of New Brunswick Saint John100 Tucker Park RoadSaint JohnNBCanada Department of psych.logy and Neuroscience Dalhousie University1355 Oxford StHalifaxNSB3H 4J1Canada

In many songbird species,birdsong features ph.nological syntax,meaning th.t th. units with.n th.ir vocal se-quences are ordered in a non-random way th.t adh.res to a *** such.syntactical patterns h.ve been rich.y described in many species,comparatively little is known about h.w th.se patterns contribute to song ach.eving its important *** each.of song’s main functions,territorial defense and mate attraction,evidence of a role for syntax is *** species for wh.ch.syntax h.s been th.rough.y described is th. h.rmit Th.ush.Cath.rus guttatus),wh.ch.presents song types from th.ir repertoires in a semi-predictable order and,in doing so,rapidly cycle up and down th. frequency *** objective of th. present study was to explore th. importance of song syntax in th. h.rmit Th.ush.th.ough.a with.n-subject examination of h.w measures of syntax,such.as th. predictability of song type order with.n song sequences,sh.ft over th. breeding *** h.poth.sized th.t,if such.syntactical ch.racteristics are important to breeding beh.viour,th.y would be most prominent at th. start of th. breeding season wh.n activity associated with.territory establish.ent and mate attraction is most *** revealed th.t,as predicted,th. rigidness of song type ordering with.n se-quences was h.gh.st at th. start of th. season and declined *** song type sequences were most predictable at th. vitally important early part of th. breeding season fit our h.poth.sis th.t th.s aspect of song syntax is important to song’s functions related to territory establish.ent and/or mate *** work will clarify wh.th.r th.t role relates to one of song’s two main functions or serves song transmission in some broader way.

关键词： Birdsong h.rmit Th.ush Seasonal ch.nge Stereotypy Syntax

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创新科学结构图谱对中美基础研究影响技术创新的揭示

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中国科学院院刊 2024年第3期39卷 588-600页

作者：陈挺冷伏海李国鹏王小梅中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院北京100190

文章利用科学结构图谱分析方法首次绘制了创新科学结构图谱,以被专利引用的基本科学指标数据库(ESI)高被引论文为数据基础,揭示了世界前沿基础研究对技术创新发展的影响情况;发现其中对技术创新发展起到推动作用的热点方向,并对比中美... 详细信息

文章利用科学结构图谱分析方法首次绘制了创新科学结构图谱,以被专利引用的基本科学指标数据库(ESI)高被引论文为数据基础,揭示了世界前沿基础研究对技术创新发展的影响情况;发现其中对技术创新发展起到推动作用的热点方向,并对比中美两国在这些热点方向上的表现,为科学决策提供有效的数据支撑。分析发现:被专利引用较高的论文主要集中在新生物技术与生物医疗技术、新兴信息技术、能源与材料这些可能引发颠覆性技术创新的基础研究领域;中国被专利引用的高被引论文增势明显,5年累计增长超过60%,但数量还是不到美国的50%;中国在不少与技术创新关联紧密的热点研究方向中的论文数量高于美国,但被专利引用的论文数量却通常低于美国;美国影响技术创新的基础研究内容更多的是引领产业变革方面的研发活动,并且有大量企业参与。

关键词：创新图谱专利引用论文基础研究高被引论文技术创新

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Genome-wide Studies Reveal Genetic Risk Factors for h.patic Fat Content

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Genomics, proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 57-68页

作者： Yanni Li Eline h.van den Berg Alexander Kurilsh.kov Dash. V.Zh.rnakova Ranko Gacesa Sh.xian h. Esteban A.Lopera-Maya Alexandra Zh.rnakova Lifelines Coh.rt Study Vincent E.de Meijer Serena Sanna Robin p.F.Dullaart h.ns Blokzijl Eleonora A.M.Festen Jingyuan Fu Rinse K.Weersma Department of Gastroenterology and h.patology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Genetics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology and h.patology Tianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300052China Laboratory of Genomic Diversity Center for Computer TechnologiesITMO UniversitySaint Petersburg 199034Russia Institute of precision Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Surgery Section of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver TransplantationUniversity of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of Endocrinology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands Department of pediatrics University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningen 9713 GZThe Netherlands 不详

Genetic susceptibility to metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is complex and poorly *** ch.racterization of th. genetic background of h.patic fat content would provide insigh.s into disease etiology and causality of risk *** performed genome-wide association study(GWAS)on two noninvasive definitions of h.patic fat content:magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction(MRI-pDFF)in 16,050 participants and fatty liver index(FLI)in 388,701 participants from th. United Kingdom(UK)Biobank(UKBB).h.ritability,genetic overlap,and similarity between h.patic fat content ph.notypes were analyzed,and replicated in 10,398 participants from th. University Medical Center Groningen(UMCG)Genetics Lifelines Initiative(UGLI).Meta-analysis of GWASs of MRI-pDFF in UKBB revealed five statistically significant loci,including two novel genomic loci h.rboring CREB3L1(rs72910057-T,p=5.40E−09)and GCM1(rs1491489378-T,p=3.16E−09),respectively,as well as th.ee previously reported loci:pNpLA3,TM6SF2,and *** of FLI in UKBB identified 196 genome-wide significant loci,of wh.ch.49 were replicated in UGLI,with.top signals in ZpR1(p=3.35E−13)and FTO(p=2.11E−09).Statistically significant genetic correlation(rg)between MRI-pDFF(UKBB)and FLI(UGLI)GWAS results was found(rg=0.5276,p=1.45E−03).Novel MRI-pDFF genetic signals(CREB3L1 and GCM1)were replicated in th. FLI *** identified two novel genes for MRI-pDFF and 49 replicable loci for *** a difference in h.patic fat content assessment between MRI-pDFF and FLI,a substantial similar genetic arch.tecture was *** is identified as an easy and reliable approach.to study h.patic fat content at th. population level.

关键词： h.patic fat content MAFLD Genome-wide association study Fatty liver index Magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction

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Radioisotope production using lasers:From basic science to applications

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第3期9卷 31-44页

作者： M.R.D.Rodrigues A.Bonasera M.Scisciò J.A.pérez-h.rnández M.Eh.et F.Filippi p.L.Andreoli M.h.ault h.Larreur D.Singappuli D.Molloy D.Raffestin M.Alonzo G.G.Rapisarda D.Lattuada G.L.Guardo C.Verona Fe.Consoli G.petringa A.McNamee M.La Cognata S.palmerini T.Carriere M.Cipriani G.Di Giorgio G.Cristofari R.De Angelis G.A.p.Cirrone D.Margarone L.Giuffrida D.Batani p.Nicolai K.Batani R.Lera L.Volpe D.Giulietti S.Agarwal M.Krupka S.Singh.Fa.Consoli Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77840USA Laboratori Nazionali del Sud Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare(LNS-INFN)CataniaItaly ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety and Security Department-CFrascatiItaly Centro de Láseres pulsados(clpu) VillamayorSpain Universidad de Salamanca SalamancaSpain Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications(CELIA) Universitéde BordeauxCNRSCEATalenceFrance h.11 Energy h.ldings pty FreshwaterNew South WalesAustralia Sch.ol of Math.matics and ph.sics Queen’s University BelfastBelfastUnited Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia“E.Majorana ”Università di CataniaCataniaItaly Facoltàdi Ingegneria e Arch.tettura Universitàdegli Studi di Enna“Kore”EnnaItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale Universitàdi Roma“Tor Vergata”RomaItaly Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia Universitàdegli Studi di PerugiaPerugiaItaly Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PerugiaPerugiaItaly ELI Beamlines Facility the Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolni BrezanyCzech Republic ETSIA Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Dipartimento Fisica “E.Fermi”Universitàdi Pisa and INFNPisaItaly FZU–Institute of ph.sics of Czech.Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic Institute of plasma ph.sics of Czech.Academy of Sciences PragueCzech Republic

Th. discovery of ch.rped pulse amplification h.s led to great improvements in laser tech.ology,enabling energetic laser beams to be compressed to pulse durations of tens of femtoseconds and focused to a few *** with.energies of tens of MeV can be accelerated using,for instance,target normal sh.ath.acceleration and focused on secondary *** such.conditions,nuclear reactions can occur,with.th. production of radioisotopes suitable for medical *** use of h.gh.repetition lasers to produce such.isotopes is competitive with.conventional meth.ds mostly based on *** th.s paper,we study th. production of^(67)Cu,^(63)Zn,^(18)F,and^(11)C,wh.ch.are currently used in positron emission tomograph. and oth.r *** th. same time,we study th. reactions^(10)B(p,α)^(7)Be and^(70)Zn(p,4n)^(67)Ga to put furth.r constraints on th. proton distributions at different angles,as well as th. reaction^(11)B(p,α)^(8)Be relevant for energy *** experiment was performed at th. 1 pW laser facility at VegaⅢin Salamanca,*** distributions of radioisotopes in th. forward(with.respect to th. laser direction)and backward directions were measured using a h.gh.purity germanium *** results are in reasonable agreement with.numerical estimates obtained following th. approach.of Kimura and Bonasera[*** ***.,Sect.A 637,164–170(2011)].

关键词： purity estimates backward

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Ion-conducting Membranes Based on Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Modified by poly(sodium acrylate-co-2-acrylamido-2-meth.lpropanesulfonic acid)

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Ch.nese Journal of polymer Science 2024年第3期42卷 333-343,I0007页

作者： Elizaveta V.Batish.h.va Nikolay N.Smirnov Natalya V.Bobrova Maria p.Sokolova Mich.el A.Smirnov Institute of Macromolecular Compounds Russian Academy of SciencesBolshoy pr.31Saint Petersburg 199004Russia

Green meth.d for preparation of ion-conducting membranes(ICM) based on bacterial cellulose nanofibers(CNF) modified by a copolymer of sodium acrylate and 2-acrylamido-2-meth.lpropanesulfonic acid was elaborated. FTIR and NMR data confirmed grafting of polyacrylate onto cellulose surface. Formation of porous structure of th. ICM was controlled by SEM and AFM. Th. maximal ionic conductivity of th. membranes reach.s 1.5 and 3.1 mS·cm^(-1)(60 ℃ and 98% relative h.midity) wh.n th.y are saturated with.water or h.2SO_4(1 mol·L^(-1)) electrolyte,respectively. prepared ICM was tested as a separator in a symmetrical supercapacitor with.electrodes based on polyaniline h.drogel. Th. assembled cell demonstrate ability to operate at h.gh.current density up to 100 A·g^(-1) maintaining specific capacitance 165 F·g^(-1). Maximal specific capacitance of 289 F·g^(-1) was ach.eved at current density 1 A·g^(-1). Retaining of 90% of initial capacitance after 10000 of ch.rge-disch.rge cycles proves h.gh.electroch.mical stability of prepared ICM.

关键词： Bacterial cellulose Ion conductivity porous membrane Supercapacitor

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