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Application of Kinetic Models in Descr.bing Soil Potassium r.lease Ch.r.cter.stics and Th.ir.Cor.elations with.Potassium Extr.cted by Ch.mical Meth.ds

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Pedosph.r. 2013年第4期23卷 482-492页

作者： A. r. h.SSEINPUr.h. r. motaghian Depar.ment of Soil Science College of Agriculture Shahrekord University

Potassium （K） r.lease ch.r.cter.stics in soil play a significant r.le in supplying available K. Infor.ation on K-r.lease ch.r.cter.stics in soils of centr.l Ir.n is limited. Th. objectives of th.s study wer. to deter.ine K r.lease ch.r.cter.stics and cor.elations of K r.lease r.te constants with.K extr.cted by differ.nt ch.mical meth.ds in sur.ace soils of ten calcar.ous soils of centr.l Ir.n. Th. kinetics of K r.lease in th. soils was deter.ined by successive extr.ction with.0.01 mol L-1 CaC12 in a per.od of 2-2017 h.at 25±1℃. Soil K was extr.cted by distilled water. 0.5 mol L-1 MgNO3, 0.002 mol L-1 Sr.12, 0.1 mol L-1 BaC12, 0.01 mol L-1 CaC12, 1 mol L-1 NaC1, 1 mol L-1 boiling h.O3, 1 mol L-1 Nh.OAC, Meh.ich.1, 0.002 mol L-1 Sr.12 ＋ 0.05 mol L-1 citr.c acid, and ammonium bicar.onate-dieth.lenetr.amine pentaacetic acid （AB-DTPA）. A plot of cumulative amounts of K r.leased sh.wed a discontinuity in slope at 168 h. Th.s, two equations wer. applied to two segments of th. total r.action time （2-168 and 168-2 017 h.. Cumulative amounts of K r.leased r.nged fr.m 55 to 299 mg kg-1 in 2-168 h.and fr.m 44 to 119 mg kg-1 in 168-2 017 h. r.lease kinetics of K in th. two time segments confor.ed fair.y well to par.bolic diffusion, simplified Elovich. and power.function models. Th.r. was a wide var.ation in th. K r.lease r.te constants. Incr.asingly h.gh.r.aver.ge concentr.tions of soil K wer. extr.cted by distilled water. Meh.ich.1, Sr.12, CaC12, Sr.12 ＋ citr.c acid, AB-DTPA, MgNO3, NaCI, Nh.OAc, BaCI2, and h.O3. Potassium r.lease r.te constants wer. significantly cor.elated with.K extr.cted. Th. r.sults of th.s study sh.wed th.t infor.ation obtained fr.m math.matical modeling in two r.action time segments can h.lp to estimate th. K-supplying power.of soils.

关键词： ch.mical extr.ction calcar.ous soils math.matical modeling r.lease r.te constant time segments

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Spatial Estimation of Satur.ted h.dr.ulic Conductivity fr.m Ter.ain Attr.butes Using r.gr.ssion,Kr.ging,and Ar.ificial Neur.l Networ.s

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Pedosph.r. 2011年第2期21卷 170-177页

作者： h.r.motaghian J.MOh.MMADI Depar.ment of Soil Science Agriculture CollegeShahrekord UniversityShahrekord (Iran)

Sever.l meth.ds,including stepwise r.gr.ssion,or.inar. kr.ging,cokr.ging,kr.ging with.exter.al dr.ft,kr.ging with.var.ing local means,r.gr.ssion-kr.ging,or.inar. ar.ificial neur.l networ.s,and kr.ging combined with.ar.ificial neur.l networ.s,wer. compar.d to pr.dict spatial var.ation of satur.ted h.dr.ulic conductivity fr.m envir.nmental *** meth.ds except or.inar. kr.ging allow for.inclusion of secondar. *** secondar. spatial infor.ation used was ter.ain attr.butes including elevation,slope gr.dient,slope aspect,pr.file cur.atur. and contour.cur.atur..A multiple jackknifing pr.cedur. was used as a validation *** mean squar. er.or.(r.SE) and mean absolute er.or.(MAE) wer. used as th. validation indices,with.th. mean r.SE and mean MAE used to judge th. pr.diction *** per.or.ance by or.inar. kr.ging was poor.indicating th.t pr.diction of satur.ted h.dr.ulic conductivity can be impr.ved by incor.or.ting ancillar. data such.as ter.ain *** combined with.ar.ificial neur.l networ.s per.or.ed *** pr.diction models made better.use of ancillar. infor.ation in pr.dicting satur.ted h.dr.ulic conductivity compar.d with.th. competing *** combination of geostatistical pr.dictor. with.neur.l computing tech.iques offer. mor. capability for.incor.or.ting ancillar. infor.ation in pr.dictive soil *** is gr.at potential for.fur.h.r.r.sear.h.and development of h.br.d meth.ds for.digital soil mapping.

关键词： digital elevation model geostatistics soil h.dr.ulic pr.per.ies spatial mapping

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Spatial Pr.diction of Soil Aggr.gate Stability and Aggr.gate-Associated Or.anic Car.on Content at th. Catch.ent Scale Using Geostatistical Tech.iques

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Pedosph.r. 2011年第3期21卷 389-399页

作者： J.MOh.MMADI M.h.motaghian Depar.ment of Soil Science Agriculture CollegeShahrekord University

Th. association of or.anic car.on with.secondar. par.icles （aggr.gates） r.sults in its stor.ge and r.tention in soil. A study was car.ied out at a catch.ent cover.ng about 92 km2 to pr.dict spatial var.ability of soil water.stable aggr.gates （WSA）, mean weigh. diameter.（MWD） of aggr.gates and or.anic car.on （OC） content in macr..- （〉 2 mm）, meso- （1-2 mm）, and micr.-aggr.gate （〈 1 mm） fr.ctions, using geostatistical meth.ds. One h.ndr.d and eleven soil samples wer. eSlleeted at th. 0 10cm depth.and fr.ctionated into macr.-, meso-, and mlcr.-aggr.gates by wet sieving. Th. OC content was deter.ined for.each.fr.ction. A gr.ater.per.entage of water.stable aggr.gates was found for.micr.-aggr.gates, followed by meso-aggr.gates. Aggr.gate OC content was gr.atest in meso-aggr.gates （9 g kg-1）, followed by micr.-aggr.gates （7 g kg-1）, wh.le th. least OC content was found in macr.-aggr.gates （3 g kg-1）. Alth.ugh.a significant effect （P = 0.000） of aggr.gate size on aggr.gate OC content was found, h.wever. our.findings did not suppor. th. model of aggr.gate h.er.r.h.. Land use h.d a significant effect （P = 0.073） on aggr.gate OC content. Th. coefficients of var.ation （CVs） for.OC contents associated with.each.aggr.gate fr.ction indicated macr.-aggr.gates as th. most var.able （CV = 71%）. Among th. aggr.gate fr.ctions, th. micr.-aggr.gate fr.ction h.d a lower.CV value of 27%. macr.-aggr.gates to 84% for.micr.-aggr.gates. Geostatistical analysis differ.nces in th.ir.spatial patter.s in both.magnitude and space at var.ance for.most aggr.gate-associated pr.per.ies was lower.th.n 45%. Th. mean content of WSA r.nged fr.m 15% for.sh.wed th.t th. measur.d soil var.ables exh.bited each.aggr.gate size fr.ction. Th. r.lative nugget Th. r.nge value for.th. var.ogr.m of water.stable aggr.gates was almost similar.（about 3 km） for.th. th.ee studied aggr.gate size classes. Th. r.nge value for.th. var.ogr.m of aggr.gate-associated OC contents r.nged fr.m about 3 km for.macr.-aggr.gates to about

关键词： kr.ging or.anic matter var.ogr.m water.stable aggr.gates

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r.fining Soil Or.anic Matter.Deter.ination by Loss-on-Ignition

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Pedosph.r. 2011年第4期21卷 473-482页

作者： M.h.SALEh. O.h.Sh.MI BENI h.BEIGI h.r.h.GANI I.ESFANDIAr.OUr.BOr.JENI h.r.motaghian Depar.ment of Soil Science College of AgricultureShahrekord University Depar.ment of Soil Science College of AgricultureVali-e-Asr University

Wet oxidation pr.cedur.,i.e.,Walkley-Black (WB) meth.d,is a r.utine,r.latively accur.te,and popular.meth.d for.th. deter.ination of soil or.anic matter.(SOM) but it is time-consuming,costly and also h.s a h.gh.potential to cause envir.nmental pollution because of disposal of ch.omium and str.ng acids used in th.s ***,loss-on-ignition (LOI) pr.cedur.,a simple and ch.ap meth.d for.SOM estimation,wh.ch.also avoids ch.omic acid wastes,deser.es mor. *** aims of th.s r.sear.h.wer. to study th. statistical r.lationsh.ps between SOM deter.ined with.th. LOI (SOMLOI) and WB (SOMWB) meth.ds to compar. th. spatial var.ability of SOM in two major.plains,Sh.h.ekor. and Kooh.ang plains,of Ch.h.r.ah.l-va-Bakh.iar. Pr.vince,*** sur.ace soil samples (0-25 cm) wer. r.ndomly collected in each.plain to deter.ine SOM using th. WB meth.d and th. LOI pr.cedur. at 300,360,400,500 and 550 ℃ for.2 *** samples cover.d wide r.nges of soil textur. and calcium car.onate equivalent (CCE).Th. gener.l linear.for. of th. r.gr.ssion equation was calculated to estimate SOM LOI fr.m SOM obtained by th. WB meth.d for.both.over.ll samples and individual *** soil samples wer. also r.ndomly selected to compar. th. SOM and CCE befor. and after.ignition at each.*** accur.cy of th. continuous maps gener.ted for.th. LOI and WB meth.ds was consider.d to deter.ine th. accor.ance of two *** sh.wed a significant positive linear.r.lationsh.p between SOM LOI and SOM *** of deter.ination (r.) of th. equations for.individual plains wer. h.gh.r.th.n th.t of th. over.ll *** of deter.ination and line slopes decr.ased and r.ot mean squar. er.or.(r.SE) incr.ased with.incr.asing ignition temper.tur.,wh.ch.may be due to th. miner.l str.ctur.l water.loss and destr.ction of car.onates at h.gh.r.temper.tur.s.A temper.tur. ar.und 360 ℃ was identified as optimum as it bur.t most or.anic car.on,destr.yed less inor.anic car.on,cau

关键词： calcium car.onate equivalent ignition temper.tur. kr.ged maps spatial var.ability wet oxidation

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Effects of sugar.ane r.sidue bioch.r.and P fer.ilizer.on P availability and its fr.ctions in a calcar.ous clay loam soil

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Bioch.r 2020年第3期2卷 357-367页

作者： Mina Safian h.midr.za motaghian Alir.za h.sseinpur Depar.ment of Soil Science College of AgricultureShahrekord UniversityShahrekordIran

Bioch.r.h.s th. potential to affect th. cycle of ph.sph.r.s(P),but th. under.ying mech.nisms of its effects r.main poor.y under.tood in calcar.ous *** under.tanding of th. effects of bioch.r.is limited in calcar.ous soils dur.ng ***,th.s study was conducted to investigate h.w th. availability and miner.l fr.ctions of P ch.nge after.th. addition of combined bioch.r.and P fer.ilizer.dur.ng incubation in calcar.ous *** r.sidue(r.w Sr.and bioch.r.400℃for.2 h.wer. added to soils tr.ated with.50 mg kg−1 of P,in th. for. of Ca(h.(2)PO_(4))_(2)·h.(2)O,at 0.5 and 1%(w/w).Th. soils wer. incubated at 25±1℃for.120 *** P(Olsen P)contents and miner.l P fr.ctions wer. measur.d after.var.ous incubation times(7,30,90,and 120 days).Bioch.r.addition r.mar.ably incr.ased th. amount of available P wh.n compar.d with.th. r.w Sr.tr.atment and th. contr.l condition(Pr.30 days of incubation,th. amount of available P in th. soils decr.ased and r.mained unch.nged *** r.sults indicated th.t th. addition of 50 mg kg−1 of P as fer.ilizer.significantly augmented th. labile P and P associated with.Fe and Al in all th. tr.atments at all incubation times(Pr.son with.P tr.ated with.r.w Sr.P associated with.Fe and Al was significantly enh.nced after.bioch.r.addition(Pr.elations wer. found for.available P with.labile P and P associated with.Fe and *** found th.t bioch.r.addition could incr.ase available pools,th.s impr.ving available P concentr.tions at var.ous incubation ***,we conclude th.t sugar.ane r.sidue bioch.r.can enh.nce th. available P in calcar.ous soils.

关键词： Or.anic amendment Incubation time Available pool

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