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Influence of growing location and cultivar on Rh.zoperth. dominica （Coleoptera： Bostrich.dae） and Sitoph.lus oryzae （Coleoptera： Curculionidae） infestation of rough.rice

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Insect Science 2007年第3期14卷 231-239页

作者： FRANK h. ARTh.R RUSTY C. BAUTISTA TERRENCE j. SIEBENMORGEN USDA-ARS Grain Marketing and Production Research.Center Manhattan Kansas Department of Food Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas USA

Long-grain rice cultivars Cocodrie, Wells, and XP 723 grown in th.ee locations （h.zen, MO; Essex and Newport, AR, USA）, and medium-grain rice cultivars Bengal and XP 713 grown in two locations （j.nesboro and Lodge Corner, AR, USA）, were h.rvested and assayed for susceptibility to Rh.zoperth. dominica （F.）（Coleoptera： Bostrich.dae）, th. lesser grain borer, and Sitoph.lus oryzae （L.）（Coleoptera： Curculionidae）, th. rice weevil, on rice h.ld at 27℃, 57% and 75% relative h.midity （Rh.. Separate samples from th. same h.rvest lots were also analyzed for th. ph.sical ch.racteristics of brown rice yield, percentage wh.le kernels and kernel th.ckness. Progeny production and feeding damage of R. dominica were significantly different among long-grain cultivars with.n two of th. th.ee locations （P 〈 0.05）, but not for location or Rh.（P ≥ 0.05）, wh.le progeny production of S. oryzae was different among cultivars, location, and Rh.（P 〈 0.05）. On medium-grain rice, both.cultivar and location were significant for progeny production of R. dominica, but not Rh. wh.le cultivar and Rh.were significant for progeny production of S. oryzae, but not location. On both.rice types, feeding damage of R. dominica followed th. same trends and was always strongly positively correlated with.progeny production （P 〈 0.05）, but for S. oryzae th.re were several instances in wh.ch.progeny production was not correlated with.feeding damage （P ≥ 0.05）. Ph.sical ch.racteristics of both.rice types were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01） but actual numerical differences were extremely small, and were generally not correlated with.progeny production of eith.r species. Results indicate th.t th. location in wh.ch.a particular rice cultivar is grown, along with.its ch.racteristics, could affect susceptibility of th. rice to R. dominica and S. oryzae.

关键词： rough.rice cultivars stored-product insects Rh.zoperth. dominica Sitoph.lus oryzae

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Dynamics and mech.nisms of permeth.in resistance in a field population of th. h.rn fly, h.ematobia irritans irritans

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 175-184页

作者： Andrew Y. Li Kimberly h. Loh.eyer j. Allen Miller USDA ARS Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory 2700 Fredericksburg Road Kerrville TX 78028 USA

A study was conducted at th. Pressler ranch. near Kerrville, Texas, USA between 2002 and 2006 to determine th. dynamics and mech.nisms of resistance to permeth.in in a field population of th. h.rn fly, h.ematobia irritans irritans （L.）. Ch.nges of resistance to pyreth.oid insecticide associated with.use of a pour-on formulation of cyfluth.in in 2002 and use of diazinon ear tags in subsequent years were studied using a filter paper bioassay tech.ique and a polymerase ch.in reaction assay th.t detects two sodium ch.nnel mutations, kdr and super-kdr resistance alleles. A maximum of 294-fold resistance to permeth.in was observed in th. summer of 2002. A significant decrease in th. resistance level was observed in spring 2003, and resistance continued to decline after animals were treated with.diazinon ear tags. In response to pyreth.oid treatments, th. allelic kdr and super-kdr frequency increased from 56.3% to 93.8% and from 7.5% to 43.8%, respectively in 2002, and decreased significantly in 2003 wh.n th. pyreth.oid insecticide was no longer used to treat animals. Females were found to h.ve a h.gh.r allelic super-kdr frequency th.n males in 2002, wh.le no difference was detected between males and females in th. allelic kdr frequency. Th.re was a significant positive correlation between frequencies of th. sodium ch.nnel mutations and levels ofpermeth.in resistance, suggesting th.t th. sodium ch.nnel mutations, kdr and super-kdr, are th. maj.r mech.nisms of resistance to pyreth.oids in th.s h.rn fly population. Results of synergist bioassays also indicated possible contributions of two metabolic detoxification mech.nisms, th. mixed function oxidases （MFO） and glutath.one S-trans- ferases （GST）. Compared to a h.rn fly infestation of an untreated h.rd, treatments with.th. pyreth.oid pour-on formulation failed to control h.rn flies at th. Pressler ranch.in 2002. Sustained control of h.rn flies was ach.eved with.th. use of diazinon ear tags in 2003 and subsequent years.

关键词： efficacy h.rn fly insecticide resistance PCR permeth.in pyreth.oids

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Effects of th.rmal boundary conditions on th. j.ule h.ating of electrolyte in a microch.nnel

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j.urnal of h.drodynamics 2016年第5期28卷 850-862页

作者： M. Y. ABDOLLAh.ADEh.j.MALABADI j. h. PARK M. M. RASh.DI j. M. Ch.N Department of Sh.p Engineering Chabahar Maritime University Chabahar Iran Department of Aerospace and System Engineering Gyeongsang National University Jinju Korea . Engineering Faculty of Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran Department of Mech.nical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan USA

j.ule h.ating effects on a slit microch.rmel filled with.electrolytes are compreh.nsively investigated with.emph.sis on th. th.rmal boundary conditions. An accurate analytical expression is proposed for th. electrical field and th. temperature distributions due to j.ule h.ating are numerically obtained from th. energy balance equation. Th. results sh.w th.t a th.rmal design based on th. average electric potential difference between electrodes can cause severe underestimation of j.ule h.ating. In addition, th. parame- tric study of th.rmal boundary conditions gives us an insigh. into th. best cooling scenario for microfluidic devices. Oth.r significant th.rmal ch.racteristics, including Nusselt number, th.rmoph.retic force, and entropy generation, are discussed as well. Th.s study will provide useful information for th. optimization of a bioMEMS device in relation to th. th.rmal aspect.

关键词： microch.nnel electrolyte j.ule h.ating Nusselt number th.rmoph.retic force entropy generation optimized th.rmaldesign

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Doubly periodic patterns of modulated h.drodynamic waves:exact solutions of th. Davey-Stewartson system

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2011年第5期27卷 620-626页

作者： j.-h. Li S.-Y. Lou K.-W. Ch.w Department of Mech.nical Engineering University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China Department of Ph.sics Shanghai Jiao Tong University200030 Shanghai China

Exact doubly periodic standing wave patterns of th. Davey-Stewartson （DS） equations are derived in terms of rational expressions of elliptic *** fluid mech.nics,DS equations govern th. evolution of weakly nonlinear,free surface wave packets wh.n long wavelength.modulations in two mutually perpendicular,h.rizontal directions are *** functions with.two different moduli （periods） are necessary in th. two *** relation between th. moduli and th. wave numbers constitutes th. dispersion relation of such.*** th. long wave limit,localized pulses are recovered.

关键词： Free surface waves · Periodic patterns · DaveyStewartson equations

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Full-band error control and crack-free surface fabrication tech.iques for ultra-precision fly cutting of large-aperture KDP crystals

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Frontiers of Mech.nical Engineering 2017年第2期12卷 193-202页

作者： F. h. Zh.NG S. F. WANG C. h. AN j. WANG Q. XU Department of Mech.nical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001 China Ch.ngdu Fine Optical Engineering Research.Center Chengdu 610041China

Large-aperture potassium dih.drogen ph.s- ph.te （KDP） crystals are widely used in th. laser path.of inertial confinement fusion （ICF） systems. Th. most common meth.d of manufacturing h.lf-meter KDP crystals is ultra-precision fly cutting. Wh.n processing KDP crystals by ultra-precision fly cutting, th. dynamic ch.racteristics of th. fly cutting mach.ne and fluctuations in th. fly cutting environment are translated into surface errors at different spatial frequency bands. Th.se mach.n- ing errors sh.uld be suppressed effectively to guarantee th.t KDP crystals meet th. full-band mach.ning accuracy specified in th. evaluation index. In th.s study, th. anisotropic mach.nability of KDP crystals and th. causes of typical surface errors in ultra-precision fly cutting of th. material are investigated. Th. structures of th. fly cutting mach.ne and existing processing parameters are optimized to improve th. mach.ned surface quality. Th. findings are th.oretically and practically important in th. development of h.gh.energy laser systems in Ch.na.

关键词： ultra-precision fly cutting large-aperture KDP crystals spatial frequency processing error

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Welfare and Market Impacts of Food Safety Measures in Ch.na: Results from Urban Consumers' Valuation of Product Attributes

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j.urnal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第6期13卷 1404-1411页

作者： David L. Ortega h. h.lly Wang Nicole j. Olynk Widmar Department of Agricultural Foodand Resource EconomicsMichigan State University Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue University

Th.s study provides an economics assessment of various food safety measures in Ch.na. A ch.ice experiment approach.is used to elicit Ch.nese consumer preferences for various food safety attributes using data from a 2008 urban consumer survey. An alternative welfare calculation is used to model aggregate market impacts of select food safety measures. Our results sh.w th.t th. largest welfare gains are found in th. current government-run certiifcation program. Th. implementation of a th.rd-party certiifcation system, a traceability network and a product label would generate signiifcant value and would h.lp reduce current system inefifciencies in Ch.na. Th.s study builds on previous research.and provides an alternative approach.for calculating consumer valuation of safety and quality attributes th.t can be used to estimate aggregate economic and welfare impacts.

关键词： food safety consumer welfare food policy Ch.na

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A generalization of （G＇/G）-expansion meth.d and its application to nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations arising in math.matical biology

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International j.urnal of Biomath.matics 2014年第3期7卷 41-50页

作者： A. j.bbari j. Manafian h.ris h. Kh.iri A. Bekir Department of Applied Math.matics University of Tabriz 29 Bahman St. Tabriz-Iran Math.matics and Computer Sciences Department Eskiseh.r Osmangazi University 26480 Eskiseh.r Turkey

In th.s paper, by introducing a proper transformation, th. （Gr/G）-expansion meth.d is furth.r extended into th. nonlinear reaction diffusion equations in math.matical biology wh.se balancing numbers may be negative integer. As a result, h.perbolic function solutions and trigonometric function solutions with.free parameters are obtained. Wh.n th. parameters are taken as special values th. solitary wave solutions and th. periodic wave solutions are also derived from th. traveling wave solutions. Moreover, it is observed th.t th. suggested tech.iques is compatible of such.problems.

关键词： Generalized (GI/G)-expansion meth.d exact solutions nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations.

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Th. total cross sections of th. ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) and th. ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N reactions between 2 and 6 MeV

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Nuclear Science and Tech.iques 2017年第8期28卷 111-116页

作者： R. M. Prior M. C. Spraker R. h. France S. Stave M. W. Ah.ed h. j. Karwowski j. M. Mueller L. S. Myers h. R. Weller University of North.Georgia Dahlonega GA 30597 USA Georgia College & State University MilledgevilleGA 31061 USA Duke University Durham NC 27708 USA Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory DurhamNC 27708 USA University of North.Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Present Address: Bluffton University Bluffton OH 45817USA

Th.re is considerable interest in potential aneutronic fusion reactors. One possible reaction is^(11)B(p,a)***, th. emitted alph. particles are energetic enough.to generate neutrons by interacting with.boron inside th. reactor th.ough.th. ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) and ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N *** aid in evaluating neutron production with.n th.s potential aneutronic reactor, th. total cross sections were measured for th. ^(11)B(α,n)^(14N) reaction between 2 and 6 MeV and for th. ^(10)B(α,n)^(13)N reaction between 2 and 4.8 MeV. Th. results are presented and compared with.previously reported results.

关键词：聚变反应堆 MeV 总截面核反应堆中子反应器 α粒子电子

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MECh.NICS OF RELAXING SiGe ISLANDS ON A VISCOUS GLASS

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Acta Mech.nica Sinica 2002年第5期18卷 441-456页

作者： R. h.ang h. Yin j. Liang j. C. Sturm K. D. h.bart Z. Suo Mech.nical and Aerospace Engineering Department and Princeton Materials Institute Princeton University Center for Ph.tonics and Optoelectronie Materials and Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton University

A process h.s been developed recently to fabricate a structure com- prising,from top to bottom,a SiGe th.n film,a glass layer,and a Si *** SiGe film is a perfect crystal,and is under biaxial *** SiGe film is patterned into *** annealing,th. glass flows and th. islands *** resulting strain-free islands are used as substrates,to grow epitaxial optoelectronic *** article describes a series of studies on th. annealing process,combining experiment and th.ory.A small island relaxes by expansion,starting at th. edges and diffusing to th. center.A large island wrinkles before th. expansion reach.s th. *** some time,th. wrinkles eith.r disappear,or cause th. island to fracture. We model th. island as an elastic plate,and th. glass layer as a viscous *** strains in th. islands are measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy,and th. wrinkle amplitudes by atomic force *** data are compared with.th. th.oretical *** determine th. conditions under wh.ch.th. islands relax by expansion with.ut significant wrinkling,and demonstrate th.t a cap layer suppresses wrinkles,relaxing a large island crack-free.

关键词： semiconductor fabrication stress relaxation viscous flow elastic plate fracture

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Li2SiO3 fast microwave-assisted h.droth.rmal synth.sis and evaluation of its water vapor and C02 absorption properties

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Particuology 2016年第1期14卷 129-137页

作者： j. Ortiz-Landeros R. Lopez-j.arez I.C, Romero-Ibarra h. Pfeiffer h. Balmori-Ramirez C. Gomez-Yanez Department of MetaUurgical and Materials Engineering National Polytechnic Institute ESIQIE-IPN UPALM Campus Instituto Politecnico NacionalAvenue 07738 Mexico City Mexico Materials Research.Institute Morelia Campus National Autonomous University of Mexico Old Pdtzcuaro road 8701 58190 Morelia Michoacdn Mexico Department of Ch.mistry Metropolitan Autonomous University Iztapalapa Campus San Rafael Atlixco Avenue 186 09340 Mexico City Mexico Materials Research.Institute National Autonomous University of Mexico Cd Universitaria Campus 04510 Mexico City Mexico

A series of lith.um metasilicate （Li2SiO3） powder materials h.s been successfully synth.sized by th. microwave-assisted h.droth.rmal route using lith.um h.droxide and tetraeth.l-orth.silicate-derived sol precursors. Ceramic powders were obtained under h.droth.rmal conditions of autogenous pressure in th. presence of a nonionic surfactant. Th. production of pure and well-crystallized Li2 SiO3 using very sh.rt reaction times at low temperatures was sh.wn by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption analyses. Synth.sized Li2SiO3 particles were nanocrystalline and exh.bited different morph.logies and specific surface areas depending on th. synth.sis conditions. Additionally, th. capability of selected Li2SiO3 samples to absorb h.0 and CO2 was evaluated via th.rmogravimet- ric analyses by varying th. temperature, carrier gas, and water vapor concentration. Li2SiO3 particles exh.bited interesting textural and morph.logical ch.racteristics th.t make th.m suitable for use as a CO2 absorbent and wh.ch.suggest th.t th.y also h.ve th. potential to be used in oth.r applications.

关键词： CO2 capture Lith.um metasilicate h.droth.rmal synth.sis Th.rmal analysis

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