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On th. Volume Conservation of th. Immersed Boundary Meth.d

Communications in Computational Ph.sics 2012年第7期12卷 401-432页

作者： Boyce E.griffith Leon h.Ch.rney Division of Cardiology New York University School of Medicine550 First AvenueNew YorkNew York 10016USA

Th. immersed boundary(IB)meth.d is an approach.to problems of fluid-structure interaction in wh.ch.an elastic structure is immersed in a viscous incompressible *** IB formulation of such.problems uses a Lagrangian description of th. structure and an Eulerian description of th. *** is well known th.t some versions of th. IB meth.d can suffer from poor volume *** h.ve been introduced to improve th. volume-conservation properties of th. IB meth.d,but th.y eith.r h.ve been fairly specialized,or h.ve used complex,nonstandard Eulerian finite-difference *** th.s paper,we use quasi-static and dynamic bench.ark problems to investigate th. effect of th. ch.ice of Eulerian discretization on th. volume-conservation properties of a formally second-order accurate IB *** consider both.collocated and staggered-grid discretization *** th. tests considered h.rein,th. staggered-grid IB sch.me generally yields at least a modest improvement in volume conservation wh.n compared to cell-centered meth.ds,and in many cases considered in th.s work,th. spurious volume ch.nges exh.bited by th. staggered-grid IB meth.d are more th.n an order of magnitude smaller th.n th.se of th. collocated *** also compare th. performance of cell-centered sch.mes th.t use eith.r exact or approximate projection *** find th.t th. volumeconservation properties of approximate projection IB meth.ds depend strongly on th. formulation of th. projection *** used with.th. IB meth.d,we find th.t pressure-free approximate projection meth.ds can yield extremely poor volume conservation,wh.reas pressure-increment approximate projection meth.ds yield volume conservation th.t is nearly identical to th.t of a cell-centered exact projection meth.d.

关键词： Immersed boundary meth.d fluid-structure interaction collocated discretization staggered-grid discretization exact projection meth.d approximate projection meth.d volume conservation

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Effects of generally anisotropic crustal rocks on fault-induced displacement and strain fields

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2019年第5期10卷 394-401页

作者： E.Pan W.A.griffith.h.Liu Dept.of Civil Engineering and Dept.of Math.matics University of AkronUSA Sch.ol of Earth.Sciences The Ohio State UniversityUSA Sch.ol of Transportation&Logistics Dalian University of TechnologyChina

We present a new solution for th. elastic displacement and strain fields on or near Earth.s surface due to rectangular faults in an anisotropic h.lf-space,expressed as a summation of(A)th. solution in an infinite space wh.ch.is singular,and(B)th. complementary part wh.ch.is regular and *** two solutions are expressed in terms of th. math.matically elegant and computationally powerful Stroh.formalism and can be applied to th. generally anisotropic rock h.lf-space or a transversely isotropic rock mass with.any oriented plane of *** any flat fault of polygonal sh.pe,one needs only to carry out a simple line integral from 0 to 7 r in order to express th. fault-induced *** examples are presented to demonstrate th. significant effect of th. rock anisotropy and layer orientation on th. fault-induced displacement and strain fields in anisotropic *** applications are wide ranging,from faults in sedimentary strata to strongly deformed metamorph.c rocks with.steeply dipping foliation.

关键词： Geomech.nics Rock anisotropy Bedding plane Deformation and strain fields Mech.nics,th.ory,and modelling

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Simulating an Elastic Ring with.Bend and Twist by an Adaptive Generalized Immersed Boundary Meth.d

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Communications in Computational Ph.sics 2012年第7期12卷 433-461页

作者： Boyce E.griffith.Sookkyung Lim Leon h.Ch.rney Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineNew York University School ofMedicine550 First AvenueNew YorkNew York 10016USA Department of Math.matical Sciences University of Cincinnati839 Old Chemistry BuildingCincinnatiOhio 45221USA

Many problems involving th. interaction of an elastic structure and a viscous fluid can be solved by th. immersed boundary(IB)*** th. IB approach.to such.problems,th. elastic forces generated by th. immersed structure are applied to th. surrounding fluid,and th. motion of th. immersed structure is determined by th. local motion of th. ***,th. IB meth.d h.s been extended to treatmore general elasticity models th.t include both.positional and rotational degrees of *** such.models,force and torque must both.be applied to th. *** positional degrees of freedomof th. immersed structuremove according to th. local linear velocity of th. fluid,wh.reas th. rotational degrees of freedom move according to th. local angular *** paper introduces a spatially adaptive,formally second-order accurate version of th.s generalized immersed boundary *** use th.s adaptive sch.me to simulate th. dynamics of an elastic ring immersed in *** describe th. elasticity of th. ring,we use an unconstrained version of Kirch.off rod *** demonstrate empirically th.t our numerical sch.me yields essentially second-order convergence rates wh.n applied to such.*** also study dynamical instabilities of such.fluid-structure systems,and we compare numerical results produced by our meth.d to classical analytic results from elastic rod th.ory.

关键词： Immersed boundary meth.d Kirch.off rod th.ory adaptive mesh.refinement

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ASSESSMENT OF BED-LOAD PREDICTORS BASED ON SAMPLING IN A GRAVEL BED RIVER

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Journal of h.drodynamics 2012年第1期24卷 145-151页

作者： h.DDADCh. Arman OMID Moh.mmad h. DEh.h.NI Amir A. Sch.ol of Environment Griffith UniversityNathanQld 4111Australia Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering University of TehranTehranIran Department of Irrigation Engineering Golestan Agriculture and Natural Resources UniversityGorganIran

Bedload transport in alluvial ch.nnels h.s been extensively studied and different equations based on field and/or experimental data h.ve been *** of bed-load transport rate using different equations results in wide ranges wh.ch.are not always *** th.s study,some of th. universal bedload predictors were evaluated with.measured load by a h.lley-Smith.sampler in th. Node River,a gravel bed river in th. north.ast part of *** 19 sets of data,14 series of data were used to evaluate th. bed-load transport *** results sh.w th.t th. equations presented by Van Rijn,Meyer-Peter and Mueller,and Ackers and Wh.te may adequately predict bedload transport in th. range of field data.

关键词： bedload transport gravel bed river bed-load sampling Gorgan-Iran

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Avoiding th. Will O’ th. Wisp: Ch.llenges in Measuring h.gh.Levels of Immunization Coverage with.Precision

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第3期4卷 97-99页

作者： David W. Brown Anth.ny h. Burton griffith.Feeney Marta Gacic-Dobo Scarsdale Solutions New York USA United Nations Ch.ldren’s Fund New York USA World h.alth.Organization Geneva Switzerland

Th.re h.ve been tremendous improvements in immunization coverage since th. Expanded Programme on Immunization was launch.d. We h.gh.igh. inh.rent ch.llenges in measuring immunization coverage with.precision as coverage levels increase due to th. sensitivity of coverage to th. accuracy of target population estimates. In fact, wh.n comparing across groups at h.gh.levels of coverage, error in target population estimates can obscure differences in immunization coverage.

关键词： Immunization Vaccination Coverage Population Precision

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A novel saliva-based miRNA profile to diagnose and predict oral cancer

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第1期16卷 97-109页

作者： Jaikrish.a Balakittnen Ch.meera Ekanayake Weeramange Daniel F.Wallace Pascal h.G.Duijf Alexandre S.Cristino Gunter h.rtel Roberto A.Barrero Touraj Tah.ri Liz Kenny Sarju Vasani Martin Batstone Omar Breik Ch.mindie Punyadeera Saliva&Liquid Biopsy Translational Laboratory Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences Faculty of Allied Health SciencesUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Menzies h.alth.Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLDAustralia Sch.ol of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of HealthQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Cancer Biology Clinical and Health SciencesUniversity of South Australia&SA PathologyAdelaideSAAustralia Institute of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Genetics Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway griffith.Institute for Drug Discovery Griffith UniversityNathanQLDAustralia QIMR Bergh.fer Medical Research.Institute Statistics UnitBrisbaneQLDAustralia Sch.ol of Public h.alth The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Sch.ol of Nursing Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia eResearch Research InfrastructureAcademic DivisionQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Anatomical Path.logy Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Royal Brisbane and Women’s h.spital Cancer Care ServicesHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Otolaryngology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalHerstonQLDAustralia

Oral cancer (OC) is th. most common form of h.ad and neck cancer. Despite th. h.gh.incidence and unfavourable patient outcomes, currently, th.re are no biomarkers for th. early detection of OC. Th.s study aims to discover, develop, and validate a novel saliva-based microRNA signature for early diagnosis and prediction of OC risk in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD).Th. Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) miRNA sequencing data and small RNA sequencing data of saliva samples were used to discover differentially expressed miRNAs. Identified miRNAs were validated in saliva samples of OC (n=50), OPMD (n=52), and controls(n=60) using quantitative real-time PCR. Eigh. differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-10b-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-215-5p,miR-431-5p, miR-486-3p, miR-3614-5p, and miR-4707-3p) were identified in th. discovery ph.se and were validated. Th. efficiency of our eigh.-miRNA signature to discriminate OC and controls was:area under curve (AUC):0.954, sensitivity:86%, specificity:90%,positive predictive value (PPV):87.8%and negative predictive value (NPV):88.5%wh.reas between OC and OPMD was:AUC:0.911,sensitivity:90%, specificity:82.7%, PPV:74.2%and NPV:89.6%. We h.ve developed a risk probability score to predict th. presence or risk of OC in OPMD patients. We establish.d a salivary miRNA signature th.t can aid in diagnosing and predicting OC,revolutionising th. management of patients with.OPMD. Togeth.r, our results sh.d new ligh. on th. management of OC by salivary miRNAs to th. clinical utility of using miRNAs derived from saliva samples.

关键词： specificity salivary diagnosis

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Efficient Variable-Coefficient Finite-Volume Stokes Solvers

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Communications in Computational Ph.sics 2014年第10期16卷 1263-1297页

作者： Mingch.o Cai Andy Nonaka Joh. B.Bell Boyce E.griffith.Aleksandar Donev Courant Institute of Math.matical Sciences New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA. Center for Computational Sciences and Engineering Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA. Leon h.Ch.rney Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineNew York University School of MedicineNYUSA. Department of Math.matics University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA

We investigate several robust preconditioners for solving th. saddle-point linear systems th.t arise from spatial discretization of unsteady and steady variablecoefficient Stokes equations on a uniform staggered *** on th. success of using th. classical projection meth.d as a preconditioner for th. coupled velocitypressure system[***,***.,228(2009),pp.7565–7595],as well as establish.d tech.iques for steady and unsteady Stokes flow in th. finite-element literature,we construct preconditioners th.t employ independent generalized h.lmh.ltz and Poisson solvers for th. velocity and pressure *** demonstrate th.t only a single cycle of a standard geometric multigrid algorith. serves as an effective inexact solver for each.of th.se *** to traditional wisdom,we find th.t th. Stokes problem can be solved nearly as efficiently as th. independent pressure and velocity subproblems,making th. overall cost of solving th. Stokes system comparable to th. cost of classical projection or fractional step meth.ds for incompressible flow,even for steady flow and in th. presence of large density and viscosity *** of th. five preconditioners considered h.re are found to be robust to GMRES restarts and to increasing problem size,making th.m suitable for large-scale *** work opens many possibilities for constructing novel unsplit temporal integrators for finite-volume spatial discretizations of th. equations of low Mach.and incompressible flow dynamics.

关键词： Stokes flow variable density variable viscosity saddle point problems projection meth.d preconditioning GMRES.

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Comparative untargeted proteomic analysis of ADME proteins and tumor antigens for tumor cell lines

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Acta Ph.rmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第2期8卷 252-260页

作者： Xiaomei Gu Qing Xiao Qian Ruan Yuezh.ng Sh. Ash.k Dongre Ramaswamy Iyer W.griffith.h.mph.eys Yurong Lai Ph.rmaceutical Candidate Optimization Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Genomics Bristol-Myers Squibb Company

In th. present study, total membrane proteins from tumor cell lines including h.pG2, h.p3 B2,h.26, Ovcar3 and N87 were extracted and digested with.γLys C and trypsin. Th. resulting peptide lysate were pre-fractionated and subjected to untargeted quantitative proteomics analysis using a h.gh.resolution mass spectrometer. Th. mass spectra were processed by th. Max Quant and th. protein abundances were estimated using total peak area(TPA) meth.d. A total of 6037 proteins were identified, and th. analysis resulted in th. identification of 2647 membrane proteins. Of th.se, tumor antigens and absorption,metabolism, disposition and elimination(ADME) proteins including UDP-glucuronosyltransferase,cytoch.ome P450, solute carriers and ATP-binding cassette transporters were detected and disclosed significant variations among th. cell lines. Th. principal component analysis was performed for th. cluster of cell lines. Th. results demonstrated th.t h.26 is closely related with.N87, wh.le h.p3 B2 aligned with.h.pG2. Th. protein cluster of Ovcar3 was apart from th.t of oth.r cell lines investigated. By providing for th. first time quantitative untargeted proteomics analysis, th. results delineated th. expression profiles of membrane proteins. Th.se findings provided a useful resource for selecting targets of ch.ice for anticancer th.rapy th.ough.advancing data obtained from preclinical tumor cell line models to clinical outcomes.

关键词： Cancer cell lines Untargeted quantitative proteomics Tumor-associated membrane proteins Cytoch.ome P450 ABC transporters SLC transporters

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Taking Care of h.r: A Pilot Feasibility Study of a Caregiver Intervention for Women with.Advanced Stage Ovarian Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Th.rapy 2017年第5期8卷 472-489页

作者： Frances Marcus Lewis Zainab Alzawad Kristin griffith.h.bah.Almulla Pei-Ch.n Wu Nai-Ch.ng Ch. Ellen h. Zah.is Mary Ellen Sh.nds Public h.alth.Sciences Division & Clinical Research.Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle USA Department of Family and Ch.ld Nursing University of Washington Seattle USA

Th. purpose of th.s study is to examine th. feasibility and sh.rt-term impact of a fully manualized, teleph.ne-delivered intervention for spouse caregivers, Taking Care of h.r (TCh.. A total of 12 study participants from th. Pacific NW were enrolled wh.se wife was diagnosed with.Stage III ovarian cancer with.n 8 month.. Feasibility was confirmed by rates of recruitment and retention;th. quality of delivery of th. intervention by teleph.ne;and th.ough.data obtained on program acceptability during follow up exit interviews. Outcomes from th. with.n-group analysis revealed improvements on standardized measures of spouses’ and patients’ depressed mood and anxiety;marital communication about th. cancer;caregivers’ skills and confidence to manage th. emotional toll of th. illness on th.mselves and wives;and wives’ positive appraisal of spousal support. Study results suggest th.t th. TCh.Program h.s th. potential to positively affect both.spouse caregiver and patients’ adjustment to recently diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer. Teleph.ne delivery h.lds promise for sustainability. A future clinical trial with.a larger study sample is warranted.

关键词： Advanced Ovarian Cancer Couple Adjustment Spouse Caregiver Intervention

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持久性脑炎损伤和百日咳预防接种:这种长篇叙述快要结束了吗?

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微生物学免疫学进展 1990年第2期18卷 39-49页

作者： griffith.A h.张绪和

于1933～1944年间,一种安全、有效的铝吸附白喉—破伤风—百日咳疫苗(DTP)在美国获得了发展和普遍理解,导致了百日咳发病率的逐渐下降和为已经有效地保持了40年以上的预防接种规划灌了信心。这和英国扰嚷的百日咳预防接种历史形成了对比... 详细信息

于1933～1944年间,一种安全、有效的铝吸附白喉—破伤风—百日咳疫苗(DTP)在美国获得了发展和普遍理解,导致了百日咳发病率的逐渐下降和为已经有效地保持了40年以上的预防接种规划灌了信心。这和英国扰嚷的百日咳预防接种历史形成了对比,在英国对可用疫苗效果的怀疑,延误了在全国积极推广使用直至1957年,此后的一些报告进一步散播了关于效果和安全性的疑虑。于1974年,当国立残疾儿童医院,关于发生在接种DTP后的神经系统病例系列被作为电视记录片的基础材料播映后,群众性宣传工具卷入了安全性的争端。卫生及社会安全部(Dh.S)对此作出了反应,设立了两项接种后副反应病例记录的回顾性研究和两项前瞻性研究。前瞻性研究之一:全国幼儿脑病研究(NCES)被认为是权威性的有对照的病例研究。

关键词：百日咳预防接种持久性脑炎疫苗

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