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Bridge pier failure probabilities under combined hazard effects of scour, truck and earthquake. Part Ⅰ: occurrence probabilities

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2013年第2期12卷 229-240页

作者： Zach Liang George c. lee Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Unidersity at Buffalo Depart of civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at Buffalo

In many regions of the world, a bridge will experience multiple extreme hazards during its expected service life. The current American Association of State highway and Transportation Officials （AAShTO） load and resistance factor design （LRFD） specifications are formulated based on failure probabilities, which are fully calibrated for dead load and nonextreme live loads. Design against earthquake loads is established separately. Design against scour effect is also formulated separately by using the concept of capacity reduction （or increased scour depth）. Furthermore, scour effect cannot be linked directly to an LRFD limit state equation, because the latter is formulated using force-based analysis. This paper （in two parts） presents a probability-based procedure to estimate the combined hazard effects on bridges due to truck, earthquake and scour, by treating the effect of scour as an equivalent load effect so that it can be included in reliability-based bridge failure calculations. In Part I of this series, the general principle of treating the scour depth as an equivalent load effect is presented. The individual and combined partial failure probabilities due to truck, earthquake and scour effects are described. To explain the method of including non-force-based natural hazards effects, two types of common scour failures are considered. In Part 11, the corresponding bridge failure probability, the occurrence of scour as well as simultaneously having both truck load and equivalent scour load are quantitatively discussed.

关键词： multi-hazards load and resistance factor design bridge scour

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EFFEcT OF cARBON AND BORON ON MIcROSTRUcTURE AND MEchANIcAL PROPERTIES OF A SINGLE cRYSTAL SUPERALLOY RR 2072

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第1期18卷 33-38页

作者： D.h.Kim D.h.Ye J.h.lee Y.S.Yoo c.Y.Jo high Temperature Materials Laboratory Korea Institute of Machinery&Materials 66 SangnamChangwonKyungnam 640-010S.Korea Dept.of Metallurgy changwon National Univerisity 9 SarimChagwonKyungnam 640-773S.Korea

carbon and boron have been considered to strengthen grain boundaries that might form during single crystal *** this study the effect of boron on solidification behavior and creep properties of the carbon doped single crystal RR 2072 has been *** order to understand solidification behavior with boron addition,the solid/liquid interface morphology and solidification microstructure were examined with solidification *** relationship between mi-crostructural evolution and creep properties of the carbon and boron modified single crystal has been also investigated.

关键词： single crystal superalloy defect tolerance directional solidification creep rupture

Adaptive Functional Projective Lag Synchronization of a hyperchaotic Rossler System

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chinese Physics Letters 2009年第9期26卷 69-72页

作者： Tae h. lee Ju h. Park Nonlinear Dynamics Group Department of Electrical Engineering Yeungnam University 214-1 Dae-Dong Kyongsan 712-749 Republic of Korea

We explain the functional projective lag synchronization of a hyperchaotic Rossler system with four unknown parameters, where the output of the master system lags behind the output of the slave system proportionally. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, an active control method and adaptive control law are employed to make the states of two hyperchaotic Rossler systems asymptotically synchronized. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to show the effectiveness of our results.

关键词： No English Keyword

From the editors:special issue announcement

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2009年第2期8卷 251-261页

作者： Wang Zhiqiang George c. lee Department of Bridge Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of civil Structural and Environmental Engineering University at Buffalo State University of New York USA

A comparative study of selected bridge damage due to the Wenchuan, Northridge, Loma Prieta and San Fernando earthquakes is described in this paper. Typical ground motion effects considered include large ground fault displacement, liquefaction, landslide, and strong ground shaking. Issues related to falling spans, inadequate detailing for structural ductility and complex bridge configurations are discussed within the context of the recent seismic design codes of china and the US. A significant lesson learned from the Great Wenchuan earthquake, far beyond the opportunities to improve the seismic design provisions for bridges, is articulated.

关键词： bridge damage Wenchuan earthquake Northridge earthquake Loma Prieta earthquake San Fernandoearthquake ground motion liquefaction landslide

Settling basin design in a constructed wetland using TSS removal efficiency and hydraulic retention time

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期26卷 1791-1796页

作者： Soyoung lee Marla c.Maniquiz-Redillas lee-hyung Kim Water Environment Research Dept. National Institute of Environmental ResearchHwangyeong-ro 42Seo-guIncheon 404-708Korea Dept.of civil & Envi.Eng'g. Kongju National University275 BudaedongSeobukguCheonanChungnamdo 331-717Korea

Using total suspended solid （TSS） removal efficiency and hydraulic retention time （hRT） as design parameters a design guideline of a settling basin in a constructed wetland （cW） was suggested; as well as management of sediment and particle in the settling basin. The cW was desiEned to treat the piggery wastewater effluent from a wastewater treatment plant during dry days and stonnwater runoff from the surrounding paved area during wet days. The first settling basin （FSB） in the cVV was theoretically designed with a total storage volume （TSV） of 453 ms and hRT of 5.5 hr. The amount of sediment and particles settled at the FSB was high due to the sedimentation and interception of plants in the cVV. Dredging of sediments was performed when the retention rate at the FSB decreased to approximately 80%. Findings showed that the mean flow rate was 21.8 m3/hr less than the designed flow rate of 82.8 m3/hr indicating that the FSB was oversize and operated with longer hRT （20.7 hr） compared to the design hRT. An empirical model to estimate the length of the settling basin in the cW was developed as a function of hRT and desired TSS removal efficiency. Using the minimum tolerable TSS removal efficiency of 30%, the length of the FSB was estimated to be 31.2 m with 11.8 hr hRT.

关键词： constructed wetlandhydraulic retention timeParticle size distributionSettling basin designTSS removal efficiency

The American heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines(GWTG)-Stroke development and impact on stroke care

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第2期2卷 94-105页

作者： cora h Ormseth Kevin N Sheth Jeffrey L Saver Gregg c Fonarow lee h Schwamm Neurology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of cardiology UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

The American heart Association’s Get With the Guidelines(GWTG)-Stroke programme has changed stroke care delivery in the USA since its establishment in *** is a voluntary registry and continuous quality improvement initiative that collects data on patient characteristics,hospital adherence to guidelines and inpatient *** of the programme saw increased provision of evidence-based care and improved patient *** review will describe the development of the programme and discuss the impact on stroke outcomes and transformation of stroke care delivery that followed its implementation.

关键词： impact programme

Order Relation for Type-2 Fuzzy Values

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2003年第1期8卷 30-36页

作者： Seungsoo lee Kwang h. lee Doheon lee Department of Electrical Engineering and computer Science KAIST Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KAISTDepartment of BioSystems KAIST 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of KoreaDepartment of BioSystems KAIST 373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea373-1 Guseong-dong Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-701 Republic of Korea

In this paper an order relation and a ranking method for type-2 fuzzy values are proposed. In order to compare type-2 fuzzy sets, the concepts of satisfaction function for continuous fuzzy values, h-level type-2 fuzzy values and strong order relation are introduced. The proposed method is an approach based on the possibility theory, and it generates a ranking sequence with the greatest possibility. Some properties of the proposed method are also analyzed.

关键词： type-2 fuzzy set fuzzy comparison fuzzy ranking fuzzy order relation

Influence of Ti^(4+) doping on hyperfine field parameters of Mg_(0.95)Mn_(0.05)Fe_(2-2x)Ti_(2x)O_4(0≤x≤0.7)

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Journal of central South University 2010年第6期17卷 1139-1143页

作者： KUMAR S PRAKASh R ALIMUDDIN chOI h K KOO B h SONG J I chUNG h JEONG h lee c G School of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwon 641773Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwon 641773Korea Department of Applied Physics Aligarh Muslim UniversityAligarh 202002India Department of Precision & Mechanical Engineering and BK21 Eco-Friendly heat & cooling Energy Mechanical Research Team Gyeongsang National U niversityTongyeong 650160Korea

The mixed spinel ferrite system Mg0.95Mn0.05Fe2-2xTizxO4 （0 ≤x ≤ 0.7） was synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction technique. The effect of Ti^4＋ doping was studied by using the Moessbauer spectroscopy measurements at room temperature. From the analysis of the Moessbauer spectra, it is observed that s-electron density, electric field gradient （EFG）, quadrupole coupling constant （Qcc） and the net hyperfine magnetic fields acting on the Moessbauer nuclei-FeA^3＋ and FeB^3＋ change with the increase of Ti^4＋ doping in Mg0.95Mn0.05Fe2O4. The hyperfine magnetic field decreases with the increase of Ti^4＋ doping.

关键词： spinel ferrite Moessbauer spectroscopy hyperfine magnetic field isomer shift Ti^4+ doping

Impedance spectroscopy study on Mn_(1+x)Fe_(2-2x)Ti_xO_4(0≤x≤0.5) ferrites

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Journal of central South University 2010年第6期17卷 1133-1138页

作者： KUMAR S BATOO K M PRAKASh R chOI h K KOO B h SONG J I chUNG h JEONG h lee c G School of Nano and Advanced Materials Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwon 641773Korea King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology King Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwon 641773Korea Department of Precision & Mechanical Engineering and BK21 Eco-Friendly heat & cold Energy Mechanical Research Team Gyeongsang National U niversityTongyeong 650160Korea

The complex impedance spectroscopy and surface morphology of Mn1+xFe2-2xTixO4(0≤x≤0.5) system,prepared using a conventional solid state reaction technique,were *** impedance spectroscopy measurements were carried out at room temperature in the frequency range of 42-5 *** electrical processes in the samples were modeled in the form of an equivalent circuit made up of a combination of two parallel Rc circuits attributed to grain and grain *** Dc conductivity obtained by extrapolation of Ac data using impedance spectroscopy and four-probe method increases at 10% doping of Ti *** energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) pattern confirmed the homogeneous mixing of the Mn,Fe,Ti and O atoms in pure and doped ferrite samples.

关键词： spinel ferrite magnetic properties impedance spectroscopy Ti4+ ions doping