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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-jones James Brock Vaishnav Satheesh Greg AJ Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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Fate of low-molecular-weight organic phosphorus compounds in the P-rich and P-poor paddy soils

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第9期20卷 2526-2534页

作者： LI Bao-zhen Anna GUNINA Mostafa ZHRAN Davey L.jones Paul W.HIll HU Ya-jun GE Ti-da WU Jin-shui Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region/Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125P.R.China Department of Environmental Chemistry University of KasselNordbahnhofstrae 1a 37213WitzenhausenGermany Department of Soil Biology and Biochemistry Dokuchaev Soil Science InstituteMoscow 119017Russian Federation Soil and Water Research Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityAbou-Zaabl 13759Egypt School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwynedd LL572UWUK University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049P.R.China

Continuous application of organic fertilizers can cause accumulation of organic phosphorus(P)in soil,especially in the lowmolecular-weight organic phosphorus(LMWOP)*** organic P pool represents a potentially important source of P for both plants and *** understand the effect of long-term fertilization(30 years)(P-rich soil)***(P-poor soil)on the bioavailability and fate of LMWOP in subtropical paddy soils,we determined the sorption and mineralization of 14 C-labeled adenosine,adenosine monophosphate(AMP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP),and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)in each *** contents of carbon,nitrogen,and P in the P-rich soil were more than two times greater than those in the P-poor *** mineralization rates of the LMWOP compounds were faster in the P-rich soil compared to the P-poor soil,and followed the order AMP>ADP>*** sterilized soil,all forms of adenosine-P were strongly sorbed to the solid phase and reached saturation in a short time,with the adsorbance increasing with the number of phosphate *** concluded that the mineralization of LMWOP compounds was repressed slightly by sorption to the solid phase,but only in the short ***,LMWOP compounds serve as readily available sources of C for microorganisms,making P available for themselves as well as for the ***,P accumulation and the progressive saturation of the P sorption sites in highly fertile soils may increase the potential risk of P runoff.

关键词： rice paddy phosphatase phosphorus cycling microbial community

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Experimental strategies to measure the microbial uptake and mineralization kinetics of dissolved organic carbon in soil

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第3期2卷 180-187页

作者： Baozhen Li Tida Ge Paul W.Hill Davey L.jones Zhenke Zhu Mostafa Zhran Jinshui Wu Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region&Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangSha 410125China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorGwynedd LL572UWUK Soil and Water Research Department Nuclear Research CenterAtomic Energy AuthorityAbou-Zaabl13759Egypt University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Soil organic matter turnover rates are typically estimated from mass loss of the material over time or from on rates of carbon dioxide *** the study,we investigated a new way to characterize the concentration-dependent kinetics of amino acids used by measuring microbial uptake and mineralization of ^(14)*** measured the depletion from soil solution after additions ^(14)*** microbial uptake of ^(14)C-alanine from soil solution was concentration-dependent and kinetic analysis indicated the operation of at least three distinct alanine transport systems of differing *** of the ^(14)C-alanine depletion from the soil solution occurred rapidly within the first 10-30 min of the incubation after 10μM to 1 mM substrate *** alanine concentrations less than 250μM,the kinetic parameters for K_(m) and V_(max) of the higher-affinity transporter were 60.0μM and 1.32μmol g^(-1) DW soil h^(-1),*** mineralization of alanine was determined and the half-time values for the rapid mineralization process were 45 min to 1.5 h after the addition at alanine concentrations below 1 *** time delay after its uptake into microbial biomass suggested that alanine uptake and subsequent respiration were uncoupled *** microbial N uptake rate was calculated by microbial mineralization,and an estimated K_(m) value of 1731.7±274.6μM and V_(max )value of 486.0±38.5μmol kg^(-1)DW soil h^(-1).This study provides an alternative approach for measuring the rate of turnover of compounds that turnover very rapidly in soil.

关键词： ^(14)C tracer Microbial uptake Carbon mineralization Turnover

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Biochar application to temperate grasslands:challenges and opportunities for delivering multiple ecosystem services

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 574-584页

作者： Robert W.Brown David R.Chadwick Tom Bott Helen M.West Paul Wilson Genevieve R.Hodgins Colin E.Snape Davey L.jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangorLL572UWGwyneddUK School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLoughboroughLE125RDUK Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamJubilee CampusNottinghamNG72TUUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteSoilsWestMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA6150Australia

Grasslands(natural,semi-natural and improved)occupy approximately one-third of the terrestrial biosphere and are key for global ecosystem service provision,storing up to 30%of soil organic carbon(SOC).To date,most research on soil carbon(C)sequestration has focused on croplands where the levels of native soil organic matter(SOM)are typically low and significant potential exists to replenish SOM ***,with the renewed push to achieve“net zero”C emissions by 2050,grasslands may offer an additional C store,utilising tools such as ***,we critically evaluate the potential for biochar as a technology for increasing grassland C stocks,identifying a number of practical,economic,social and legislative challenges that need to be addressed before the widescale adoption of biochar may be *** critically assess the current knowledge within the field of grassland biochar research in the context of ecosystem service provision and provide opinions on the applicability of biochar as an amendment to different types of grassland(improved,semi-improved and unimproved)and the potential effect on ecosystem provision using a range of application techniques in the topsoil and *** concluded that the key question remains,is it possible for managed grasslands to store more C,without causing a loss in additional ecosystem services?To address this question future research must take a more multidisciplinary and holistic approach when evaluating the potential role of biochar at sequestering C in grasslands to mitigate climate change.

关键词： Pastureland Carbon storage Greenhouse gas emissions Offsetting

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AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS OF REINTRODUCING HERB-AND LEGUME-RICH MULTISPECIES LEYS INTO ARABLE ROTATIONS:A REVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第2期9卷 245-271页

作者： Emily C.COOLEDGE David R.CHADWICK Lydia M.J.SMITH Jonathan R.LEAKE Davey L.jones School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK National Institute of Agricultural Botany Huntingdon RoadCambridgeCB 3 OLEUK Plants Photosynthesis and SoilUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS102TNUK Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems Food Futures InstituteMurdochWA 6150Australia

Agricultural intensification and the subsequent decline of mixed farming systems has led to an increase in continuous cropping with only a few fallow or break years,undermining global soil ***-ley rotations incorporating temporary pastures(leys) lasting 1–4 years may alleviate soil degradation by building soil fertility and improving soil ***,the majority of previous research on arable-ley rotations has utilized either grass or grassclover leys within ungrazed *** leys,containing a mix of grasses,legumes,and herbs,are rapidly gaining popularity due to their promotion in agri-environment schemes and potential to deliver greater ecosystem services than conventional grass or grass-clover *** grazing in arable-ley rotations may increase the economic resilience of these systems,despite limited research of the effects of multispecies leys on ruminant health and greenhouse gas *** review aims to evaluate previous research on multispecies leys,highlighting areas for future research and the potential benefits and disbenefits on soil quality and livestock *** botanical composition of multispecies leys is crucial,as legumes,deep rooted perennial plants(e.g.,Onobrychis viciifolia and Cichorium intybus) and herbs(e.g.,Plantago lanceolata) can increase soil carbon,improve soil structure,reduce nitrogen fertilizer requirements,and promote the recovery of soil fauna(e.g.,earthworms) in degraded arable soils while delivering additional environmental benefits(e.g.,biological nitrification inhibition and enteric methane reduction).Multispecies leys have the potential to deliver biologically driven regenerative agriculture,but more long-term research is needed to underpin evidence-based policy and farmer guidance.

关键词： bioactive forages integrated crop-livestock systems nitrogen cycling plant secondary metabolites soil carbon soil quality

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REINTEGRATION OF CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS IN EUROPE:AN OVERVIEW

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 111-129页

作者： Antonius G.T.SCHUT Emily C.COOLEDGE Marc MORAINE Gerrie W.J.VAN DE VEN Davey L.jones David R.CHADWICK Plant Production Systems Wageningen University6700 AK Wageningenthe Netherlands School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK UMR 0951 INNOVATION French National Institute for AgricultureFood and Environment(INRAE)MontpellierFrance SoilsWest UWA School of Agriculture and EnvironmentThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Ongoing specialization of crop and livestock systems provides socioeconomic benefits to the farmer but has led to greater externalization of environmental costs when compared to mixed farming *** integration of crop and livestock systems offers great potential to rebalance the economic and environmental trade-offs in both *** aims of this study were to analyze changes in farm structure and review and evaluate the potential for reintegrating specialized intensive crop and livestock systems,with specific emphasis on identifying the co-benefits and barriers to ***,animals were essential to recycle nutrients in the farming system but this became less important with the availability of synthetic *** mixed farm systems can be economically attractive,benefits of scale combined with socio-economic factors have resulted in on-farm and regional specialization with negative environmental *** is therefore needed to reduce nutrient surpluses at farm,regional and national levels,and to improve soil quality in intensive cropping *** offers practical and cost-effective options to widen crop rotations and promotes the use of organic inputs and associated benefits,reducing dependency on synthetic fertilisers,biocides and manure processing *** agriculture goes beyond manure management and requires adaptation of both food production and consumption patterns,matching local capacity to produce with food ***,feed transport,greenhouse gas emissions,nutrient surpluses and nutrient losses to the environment can be *** is concluded that reintegration of specialized farms within a region can provide benefits to farmers but may also lead to further intensification of land *** approaches within a food system context offer alternatives for reintegration,but require strong policy incentives which show clear,tangible and lasting benefits for farmers,the environment an

关键词： circular agriculture coupled farming systems mixed farming specialised farming systems GHG

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急性心力衰竭患者肠道相关代谢产物与预后的关系

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中华高血压杂志 2021年第4期29卷 365-365页

作者：刘青(译) 练桂丽(审校) Israr MZ Bernieh D Salzano A Cassambai S Yazaki Y Heaney LM jones DJ Ng ll Suzuki T 不详

氧化三甲胺(trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO)是一种肠道相关代谢物,与心力衰竭预后相关。然而,TMAO是一个复杂的代谢途径(即胆碱/肉碱)的最终产物,这个代谢途径在心力衰竭中的研究尚不深入。该研究调查了一组参与TMAO-胆碱/肉碱代谢途径... 详细信息

氧化三甲胺(trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO)是一种肠道相关代谢物,与心力衰竭预后相关。然而,TMAO是一个复杂的代谢途径(即胆碱/肉碱)的最终产物,这个代谢途径在心力衰竭中的研究尚不深入。该研究调查了一组参与TMAO-胆碱/肉碱代谢途径的代谢物与急性心力衰竭患者预后的关系。方法:用改进的液相色谱-串联质谱法对来自急性心力衰竭患者的806份血浆样本中的TMAO、三甲基赖氨酸、左旋肉碱、乙酰左旋肉碱、γ丁甜菜碱.

关键词：急性心力衰竭氧化三甲胺左旋肉碱血浆样本代谢物代谢途径代谢产物胆碱

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Distinct biophysical and chemical mechanisms governing sucrose mineralization and soil organic carbon priming in biochar amended soils:evidence from 10 years of field studies

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Biochar 2024年第1期6卷 927-945页

作者： Haoli Zhang Tao Ma Lili Wang Xiuling Yu Xiaorong Zhao Weida Gao Lukas Van Zwieten Bhupinder Pal Singh Guitong Li Qimei Lin David R.Chadwick Shenggao Lu Jianming Xu Yu Luo David L.jones Peduruhewa H.Jeewani College of Land Science and Technology China Agriculture UniversityYuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing 100193China. Crop Research Institute Guangxi Agricultural Vocational UniversityGuangxiChina. Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsTianjin 300191China. Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China. School of Environmental and Natural Sciences Environment Centre WalesBangor UniversityGwynedd LL572UWUK. NSW Department of Primary Industries Wollongbar Primary Industries InstituteWollongbarNSW 2477Australia. Soils West Centre for Sustainable Farming SystemsFood Futures InstituteMurdoch University90 South StreetMurdochWA 6150Australia.

While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon(C)accrual in short-term scale,few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C,e.g.,native soil organic C(SOC)and added *** address this knowledge gap,soils were collected from decade-old biochar field trials located in the United Kingdom(Cambisol)and China(Fluvisol),with each site having had three application rates(25-30,50-60 and 75-100 Mg ha^(−1))of biochar plus an unamended Control,applied once in *** assessed physicochemical and microbial properties associated with sucrose(representing the rhizodeposits)mineralization and the priming effect(PE)on native ***,we showed both soils amended with biochar at the middle application rate(50 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Cambisol and 60 Mg ha^(−1)biochar in Fluvisol)resulted in greater substrate *** enhanced accessibility and availability of sucrose to microorganisms,particularly fast-growing bacterial genera like Arenimonas,Spingomonas,and Paenibacillus(r-strategists belonging to the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla,respectively),can be attributed to the improved physicochemical properties of the soil,including pH,porosity,and pore connectivity,as revealed by synchrotron-based *** forest analysis also confirmed the contribution of the microbial diversity and physical properties such as porosity on sucrose *** at the middle application rate,however,resulted in the lowest PE(0.3 and 0.4 mg of CO_(2)-C g soil−1 in Cambisol and Fluvisol,respectively)after 53 days of *** result might be associated with the fact that the biochar promoted large aggregates formation,which enclosed native SOC in soil macro-aggregates(2-0.25 mm).Our study revealed a diverging pattern between substrate mineralization and SOC priming linked to the biochar application *** suggests distinct mechanisms,biophysical and physicochemical,driving the mineralization of non-biochar carbon in a fi

关键词： X-ray CT Porosity Aggregates Microbial community Decadal-scale field study

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用蓝绿色拱门的麦当劳店

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疯狂英语（新策略） 2018年第7期 21-22,64页

作者： Meghan jones 姜仲华

麦当劳快餐店早已是无人不晓,麦当劳更名为金拱门也不再是新闻,只是那金灿灿的大写字母＂M＂富丽堂皇,简直闪瞎了双眼。可是美国有个地方的麦当劳快餐店的LOGO却不是金黄色的,为什么呢？理由好像很有趣,读完下面的短文你或许会有所了解!

关键词：麦当劳蓝绿色快餐店

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Dissection of Z-disc myopalladin gene network involved in the development of restrictive cardiomyopathy using system genetics approach

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World Journal of Cardiology 2017年第4期9卷 320-331页

作者： Qingqing Gu Uzmee Mendsaikhan Zaza Khuchua Byron C jones Lu Lu Jeffrey A Towbin Biao Xu Enkhsaikhan Purevjav Department of Cardiology Drum Tower Clinic HospitalNanjing Medical University Department of Genetics Genomics and InformaticsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center the Heart Institute Cincinnati Child-ren’s Hospital Medical Center and Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences the Heart Institute Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center the Neuroscience Institute Department of GeneticsGenomics and InformaticsUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center Department of Pediatrics the Heart InstituteUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center Children’s Foundation Research Institute Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital Memphis Pediatric Cardiology St.Jude Children’s Research Hospital

AIM To investigate the regulation of Myopalladin(Mypn) and identify its gene network involved in restrictive cardiomyopathy(RCM).METHODS Gene expression values were measured in the heart of a large family of BXD recombinant inbred(RI) mice derived from C57BL/6J and DBA/2J. The proteomics data were collected from Mypn knock-in and knock-out mice. Expression quantitative trait locus(eQ TL) mapping methods and gene enrichment analysis were used to identify Mypn regulation,gene pathway and co-expression *** A wide range of variation was found in expression of Mypn among BXD strains. We identified upstream genetic loci at chromosome 1 and 5 that modulate the expression of Mypn. Candidate genes within these loci include Ncoa2,Vcpip1,Sgk3,and Lgi2. We also identified 15 sarcomeric genes interacting with Mypn and constructed the gene network. Two novel members of this network(Syne1 and Myom1) have been confirmed at the protein level. Several members in this network are already known to relate to cardiomyopathy with some novel genes candidates that could be involved in RCM. CONCLUSION Using systematic genetics approach,we constructed Mypn co-expression networks that define the biological process categories within which similarly regulated genes function. Through this strategy we have found several novel genes that interact with Mypn that may play an important role in the development of RCM.

关键词： System genetics Myopalladin System proteomics Cardiomyopathy Mutation

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