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降低性传播感染扩散的性伴通知策略

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生殖与避孕 2007年第3期27卷 226-228页

作者： Mathews C Coetzee N Zwarenstein M Lombard C guttmacher s Oxman A schmid G 单位不详

sTIs患者的性伴很可能也是感染者。为防止感染进一步传播和“索引”患者再次感染，应告知性伴进行诊断和治疗。

关键词：性传播感染扩散 sTIs 防止感染感染者

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维普期刊数据库

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性传播疾病的性伴通知策略

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生殖与避孕 2005年第6期25卷 363-370页

作者： Mathews C Coetzee N Zwarenstein M Lombard C guttmacher s Oxman A schmid G 刘善民单位不详

性伴通知是通知被诊断为sTD患者(指示患者)的性伴，他们易于感染，有必要到卫生服务机构就诊。其临床目标之一是防止指示患者的再感染：另一个是公共卫生目标，减少sTDs的传播。人部分感染sTD的人既无感染症状，又无体征。如通过性伴通... 详细信息

性伴通知是通知被诊断为sTD患者(指示患者)的性伴，他们易于感染，有必要到卫生服务机构就诊。其临床目标之一是防止指示患者的再感染：另一个是公共卫生目标，减少sTDs的传播。人部分感染sTD的人既无感染症状，又无体征。如通过性伴通知识别的淋病男性患者中，22％-68％是无症状的(Holmes1990)。要实现上述目标，性伴通知是能联系到这些个体的两个策略之一，

关键词：性传播疾病性伴通知策略流行病学医生通知约定通知

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维普期刊数据库

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Practice environment related barriers to exclusive breastfeeding among HIV-positive mothers in Blantyre, Malawi

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Health 2013年第9期5卷 1412-1421页

作者： Ursula K. Kafulafula Mary K. Hutchinson susan Gennaro sally guttmacher Ellen Chirwa Boston College of Nursing Boston USA New York University New York USA University of Malawi Kamuzu College of Nursing Blantyre Malawi

Rates of exclusive breastfeeding in Malawi remain low despite the acknowledged benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for the infant’s wellbeing and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Creating an environment supportive of exclusive breastfeeding is critical to increase the rate of exclusive breastfeeding among HIV-positive mothers. However, little is known on factors that influence the environment within which HIV-positive mothers in Malawi practise exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, the exploratory qualitative study on which this article is based was conducted at the Chatinkha maternity unit of Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Malawi from April 16, 2009 to May 8, 2009 to explore perceived practice environment related barriers to exclusive breastfeeding among HIV-positive mothers. Data were obtained through indepth interviews with 16 purposively selected breastfeeding HIV-positive mothers between 18 and 35 years old and two focus group discussions with women of unknown HIV status. semi-structured interview and focus group guides were utilised. Content analysis of data was done. Five main themes emerged regarding factors that may influence the environment within which exclusive breastfeeding was practised: 1) availability of resources;2) societal norms and cultural practices;3) mother-baby proximity;4) health workers’ attitudes and 5) disclosure of the mothers’ HIV status. A multi-sectoral approach to promote exclusive breastfeeding is suggested. This?should include community involvement because it is in the community where breastfeeding norms and cultural practices associated with breast-feeding are propagated.

关键词： Barriers Practice Environment Exclusive Breastfeeding HIV-Positive Mothers Malawi

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父母对其未成年子女使用性保健服务了解情况的报道以及未成年子女对需经父母委托通知才能获取避孕药的反应

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 5-6页

作者： Jones R.K. Purcell A. singh s. Finer L.B. 王雅楠 Alan guttmacher Institute 120 Wall St New York NY 10005 United States Dr.

Context: Legislation has been proposed that would mandate parental notification for adolescents younger than 18 years (minors) obtaining prescription contraception from federally funded family planning clinics. Objective: To determine the extent to which parents are currently aware that their teenage daughters are accessing reproductive health services and how minors would react in the face of mandated parental involvement laws for prescription birth control. Design, setting, and Participants: A total of 1526 female adolescents younger than 18 years seeking reproductive health services at a national sample of 79 family planning clinics were surveyed between May 2003 and February 2004. Main Outcome Measures: Proportions of minor females who reported that a parent or guardian was aware that they were at the family planning clinic and, under conditions of mandated parental involvement, proportions of minors who would access prescription contraceptives at family planning clinics or engage in unsafe sex. Results: sixty percent of minors reported that a parent or guardian knew they were accessing sexual health services at the clinic. Fifty- nine percent of all adolescents would use the clinic for prescription contraception even if parental notification were mandated. This response was less common (29.5% )- among adolescents whose parents were unaware of their clinic visits and more common (79% ) among those whose parents were aware. Many adolescents gave more than 1 response to mandated parental involvement. Forty- six percent would use an over- the- counter method, and 18% would go to a private physician. seven percent said that they would stop having sex as one response, but only 1% indicated this would be their only reaction. One in 5 adolescents would use no contraception or rely on withdrawal as one response to mandated notification. Conclusions: Most minor adolescent females seeking family planning services report that their parents are aware of their use of service

关键词：性保健未成年子女计划生育门诊危险性行为生殖保健青春期妊娠保健门诊联邦基金不知道其在

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