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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 203-220页

作者： Yu zhang Daoyu zhang TiezhouWu School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan430068China

Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery ***,current SOH estimation methods often overlook the valuable temperature information that can effectively characterize battery aging during capacity ***,the Elman neural network,which is commonly employed for SOH estimation,exhibits several drawbacks,including slow training speed,a tendency to become trapped in local minima,and the initialization of weights and thresholds using pseudo-random numbers,leading to unstable model *** address these issues,this study addresses the challenge of precise and effective SOH detection by proposing a method for estimating the SOH of lithium-ion batteries based on differential thermal voltammetry(DTV)and an SSA-Elman neural ***,two health features(HFs)considering temperature factors and battery voltage are extracted fromthe differential thermal voltammetry curves and incremental capacity ***,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is employed to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the Elman neural network,forming the SSA-Elman neural network *** validate the performance,various neural networks,including the proposed SSA-Elman network,are tested using the Oxford battery aging *** experimental results demonstrate that the method developed in this study achieves superior accuracy and robustness,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of less than 0.9%and a rootmean square error(RMSE)below 1.4%.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery state of health differential thermal voltammetry Sparrow Search Algorithm

Carbon dots self-assembly enables near-infrared emission

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Shurong Ding Shasha Liu Yuzhuo Yang Linlin Shi Yongqiang zhang Jingkun Yu Haoqiang song Yingge Shi Siyu Lu College of Chemistry Pingyuan Laboratory Zhengzhou University Henan Institute of Advanced Technology Zhengzhou University

In the fields of biomedicine, detection, and anti-counterfeiting, there is a widespread demand for cost-effective, easily synthesized, and environmentally friendly near-infrared(NIR) materials. Carbon dots(CDs), a cheap and non-toxic zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial exhibiting exceptional photoluminescence(PL) properties and facile structural modification, have emerged as a promising candidate for the development of novel NIR materials. This study presents the synthesis of CDs capable of emitting a wide range of wavelengths from blue to NIR(456–836 nm) as their concentrations increase. The incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen co-doped atoms facilitates the optimization of non-coplanar angles, thereby promoting favorable π-πstacking interactions. This leads to the formation of metal-free rigid clusters through interconnecting adjacent nanoparticles in a gear-like meshing pattern through self-assembly. Consequently, intramolecular motion is constrained, vibration coupling is mitigated, non-radiative transition losses are minimized, and efficient NIR emission from CD clusters in high concentrations is ensured. Furthermore, NIR light-emitting diode(NIR LED) based on the CD clusters was successfully fabricated and employed for various applications including information encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and penetration detection in the field of NIR imaging.

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Rational design of lipid-activatable NIR-II probes for precisely imaging atherosclerotic plaque

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Science China Chemistry 2025年

作者： Xinyu Xu Yuan Ma Hui Cao Li Xu Haoming Chen Sulai Liu Wei Sun guosheng song Xiaobing zhang State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan University Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery/Central Laboratory Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational MedicineNanjing Medical University Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University

Atherosclerosis(AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque; however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared(NIR-II) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-II emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-II imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-II probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate in vivo imaging in deeper tissues.

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Deep learning-based end-to-end depth estimation from a single-frame fringe pattern with the FDSUNet++ network

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年

作者： ZHU Xinjun zhang Jialei song Limei WANG Hongyi TIAN Ruiqin School of Artificial Intelligence， Tiangong University School of Control Science and Engineering， Tiangong University

Recently the depth estimation methods based on deep learning (DL) retains challenging to estimate high-precision in fringe projection structured light three-dimensional (3D) measurement with limited information from a single-frame fringe pattern. In this letter， we proposed a FDSUNet++ convolutional neural network， which consists of a UNet++ base model， an improved squeeze-and-excitation (ISE) block， a Fourier transform (FT) data preprocessing block， and a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) block. The proposed ISE block can improve the ability of feature extraction and the designed FT data preprocessing block preserves the key features of the fringe pattern by Fourier transform. The introduced DWT block reduces the complexity and training cost of the model. By integrating these three blocks into the UNet++ network， it can better achieve depth estimation. Experimental results from two structured light datasets demonstrate that the proposed FDSUNet++ outperforms the state-of-art networks such as UNet， SUNet， R2U-Net， PCTNet and MSUNet++， achieving the best performance in both qualitative and quantitative evaluation.

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Automatic and Rapid Throughflow-Based Optimal Design Method for Multi-Stage Axial-Flow Compressors

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 77-91页

作者： LEI Fan zhang Xiawen JU Yaping zhang Chuhua Department of Fluid Machinery and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong University Production and Environmental Department China Huaneng Group.Co.Ltd. State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Xi'an Jiaotong University

Throughflow design has the advantages of less time consumption and large optimization space,and thus is the corner stone of advanced design system of multi-stage axial-flow *** majority of relevant studies were limited to the throughflow inverse designs,and quite few works have been till now devoted to the throughflow optimal *** this work,an automatic and rapid throughflow-based optimal design method is proposed for axial-flow compressors in which a throughflow inverse design solver is embedded in optimal genetic algorithm to improve the design efficiency of axial-flow *** types of design parameters in the throughflow inverse design of axial-flow compressors,i.e.,swirl and shroud curve,are simultaneously used to optimize both the blade shape and flow *** proposed method is validated by the redesign optimization of the benchmark axial-flow compressor NASA Stage 35,and the CFD predictions show that the throughflow-based optimization leads to 1.18% efficiency benefit at design *** proposed method is then utilized to the two-dimensional throughflow optimal design of a large-scale 6.5-stage axial-flow industrial *** optimal design results are confirmed by CFD predictions,indicating that the proposed method can effectively improve the design adiabatic efficiency of the compressors by 1.09% within a few minutes on desk-top *** throughflow design implications are also obtained for advanced axial-flow industrial *** work could enhance the capability of throughflow design method and has engineering application value to explore the throughflow optimization space of multi-stage axial-flow compressors.

关键词： NASA

Aerodynamic Optimization and Flow Mechanism for a Compressor Cascade at Low Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 92-109页

作者： LI Lin zhang Jianshe CHEN Caiyan TAN Wei zhang Yanfeng Key Laboratory of Light-Duty Gas-Turbine Institute of Engineering ThermophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Light-duty Gas-turbine

Low-Reynolds-number effect is an important factor affecting the performance of compressors and other main components of high-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial *** improve the flow condition and reduce flow loss under the condition of high altitude and low Reynolds number(Re),this paper proposes an optimization process based on a surrogate model,which combines the class-shape transformation method(CST),the Latin hypercube sampling(LHS) method,the light gradient-boosting machine algorithm(LightGBM),and a genetic algorithm(GA) to optimize a high-subsonic compressor *** surrogate model is verified to be accurate and can be used in the optimization *** accuracy of the GA is higher than the other algorithms under common test *** optimization results are verified by numerical simulation,and the flow differences before and after optimization are compared,especially the flow within the boundary *** changing the blade shape,the optimization process adjusts the loading distribution to delay the transition of the optimized blade on the suction surface,which changes the turbulent reattachment in the laminar separation bubble(LSB) into laminar ***,the mixing loss induced by the turbulent reattachment of the LSB and the wake loss of turbulent separation at the trailing edge are significantly reduced,and the performance of the compressor profile is finally *** addition,turbulent separation of the optimized profile is delayed reducing the range of the wake region on the suction *** this optimization process,the reduction of total pressure loss coefficient at Re of 2.5×10～5,3.5×10～5,and 4.5×10～5 are 16.32%,20.76%,and 22.16%,respectively.

关键词： Reynolds number

Numerical Study of Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of Shell-and-Tube Molten Salt Electric Heater with Circularly Perforated Baffles

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 24-33页

作者： LIN Yongjie zhang Cancan WU Yuting zhang Yi LU Yuanwei Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conversion National User-Side Energy Storage Innovation Research and Development CenterBeijing University of Technology

Numerical simulations of the flow and heat transfer characteristics of four shell-and-tube molten salt electric heaters with different perforation rates was ***-and-tube electric heaters have the same geometry and tube arrangement,and all of them use single segmental baffles,but there exist four different baffle openings（φ）,i.e.,0%,2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%.The results indicated that the reasonable baffle opening could significantly reduce the shell-side pressure drop,effectively decreasing the shell-side flow dead zone *** can eliminate the local high-temperature phenomenon on the surface of electric heating tubes,but the heat transfer coefficient is slightly *** perforated schemes significantly reduce shell-side pressure drop compared to the baseline solution without open *** particular,the φ=6.31% scheme exhibits the optimal performance among all the schemes,with a maximum reduction of up to 50.50% in shell-side pressure drop relative to the unopened holes *** heat transfer coefficient is the highest for φ=0%,exhibiting a range of5.26% to 5.73%,5.14% to 5.99%,and 7.31% to 8.54% higher than φ=2.52%,4.06%,and 6.31%,respectively,within the calculated *** composite index h/（Δp）1/3was higher for all open-hole solutions than that for the unopened-hole *** best overall performance was for φ=6.31%,which improved the composite index by15.29% to 17.18% over the unopened-hole solution.

关键词： molten salt electric heater perforated baffles heat transfer

A Lightweight Multiscale Feature Fusion Network for Solar Cell Defect Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 521-542页

作者： Xiaoyun Chen Lanyao zhang Xiaoling Chen Yigang Cen Linna zhang Fugui zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

Solar cell defect detection is crucial for quality inspection in photovoltaic power generation *** the production process,defect samples occur infrequently and exhibit random shapes and sizes,which makes it challenging to collect defective ***,the complex surface background of polysilicon cell wafers complicates the accurate identification and localization of defective *** paper proposes a novel Lightweight Multiscale Feature Fusion network(LMFF)to address these *** network comprises a feature extraction network,a multi-scale feature fusion module(MFF),and a segmentation ***,a feature extraction network is proposed to obtain multi-scale feature outputs,and a multi-scale feature fusion module(MFF)is used to fuse multi-scale feature information *** order to capture finer-grained multi-scale information from the fusion features,we propose a multi-scale attention module(MSA)in the segmentation network to enhance the network’s ability for small target ***,depthwise separable convolutions are introduced to construct depthwise separable residual blocks(DSR)to reduce the model’s parameter ***,to validate the proposed method’s defect segmentation and localization performance,we constructed three solar cell defect detection datasets:SolarCells,SolarCells-S,and *** and SolarCells-S are monocrystalline silicon datasets,and PVEL-S is a polycrystalline silicon *** results show that the IOU of our method on these three datasets can reach 68.5%,51.0%,and 92.7%,respectively,and the F1-Score can reach 81.3%,67.5%,and 96.2%,respectively,which surpasses other commonly usedmethods and verifies the effectiveness of our LMFF network.

关键词： Defect segmentation multi-scale feature fusion multi-scale attention depthwise separable residual block

Bilevel Optimal Scheduling of Island Integrated Energy System Considering Multifactor Pricing

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 349-378页

作者： Xin zhang Mingming Yao Daiwen He Jihong zhang Peihong Yang Xiaoming zhang School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China

In this paper,a bilevel optimization model of an integrated energy operator(IEO)–load aggregator(LA)is constructed to address the coordinate optimization challenge of multiple stakeholder island integrated energy system(IIES).The upper level represents the integrated energy operator,and the lower level is the electricity-heatgas load *** to the benefit conflict between the upper and lower levels of the IIES,a dynamic pricing mechanism for coordinating the interests of the upper and lower levels is proposed,combined with factors such as the carbon emissions of the IIES,as well as the lower load interruption *** price of selling energy can be dynamically adjusted to the lower LA in the mechanism,according to the information on carbon emissions and load interruption *** benefits and win-win situations are achieved between the upper and lower ***,CPLEX is used to iteratively solve the bilevel optimization *** optimal solution is selected according to the joint optimal discrimination *** results indicate that the sourceload coordinate operation can reduce the upper and lower operation *** the proposed pricingmechanism,the carbon emissions and load interruption power of IEO-LA are reduced by 9.78%and 70.19%,respectively,and the capture power of the carbon capture equipment is improved by 36.24%.The validity of the proposed model and method is verified.

关键词： Bilevel optimal scheduling load aggregator integrated energy operator carbon emission dynamic pricing mechanism

Modulation of the octahedral structure and potential superconductivity of La3Ni2O7 through strain engineering

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年

作者： Zihao Huo Zhihui Luo Peng zhang Aiqin Yang Zhengtao Liu Xiangru Tao Zihan zhang Shumin guo Qiwen Jiang Wenxuan Chen Dao-Xin Yao Defang Duan Tian Cui Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods & Software of Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials College of Physics Jilin University Center for Neutron Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Physics Sun Yat-sen University MOE Key Laboratory for Non-equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Mesoscopic Physics School of Physics Xi'an Jiaotong University Institute of High Pressure Physics School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University

The recent transport measurements of La3Ni2O7uncovered a“right-triangle”shape of the superconducting dome in the pressure-temperature （P-T） phase *** by this,we perform theoretical first-principles studies of La3Ni2O7with the pressure ranging from 0 to 100 ***,we reveal a pressure dependence of the Ni-d2zelectron density at the Fermi energy (nE Fz) that highly coincides with such *** this basis,we further explore the electronic structure under uniaxial *** tracking the stress response of nE Fz,we propose that superconductivity can be achieved by applying only～2 GPa of compression along the c *** idea is further exemplified from the perspectives of lattice distortion,band structure,Fermi surface and superconducting phase *** also discuss the possible charge modulation under the stress and provide an insight into the relation between nE Fzand the superconducting Tcin *** study provides new routes to the search of high-Tcsuperconductors in future experiments.

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