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Giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)neonates use broadband calls to communicate with their mothers

Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 277-287页

作者： Lin ZHAO Jianbin CHENG Wen ZENG Bo YANG guiquan zhang Desheng LI Hemin zhang Christina DBUESCHING Dingzhen LIU Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in The Giant Panda National Park China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant PandaDujiangyanSichuan611830China Department of Biology Irving K.Barber Faculty of ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaOkanaganKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada

Infant call structure should have evolved to elicit maximum maternal attention and *** of giant pandas produce three types of vocalizations reported to be vitally important in the context of mother–infant ***,how cubs,0–15 days old,communicate with their mothers to elicit maternal care remains *** analyzed 12 different call parameters of 3475 squawks,1355 squalls,and 491 croaks from 11 captive giant panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)neonates from age 0 to 15 *** playback experiments,we also tested whether mothers could detect *** results show that neonates use broadband calls with ultrasonic frequencies up to 65 kHz to convey information about their physiological needs and to attract maternal *** playback experiments,we tested if mothers reacted differently to broadband calls(BBC)than to artificially altered calls that included only frequencies20 kHz(USC).Playback confirmed that,although adult females responded significantly less often to USC,BBC than to or AUDC,they could detect USC,BBC and generally made appropriate behavioral responses,indicating a potential benefit for neonates to utilize ultrasonic and broadband *** findings provide a new insight into mother–infant communication in giant pandas and will be helpful for reducing the mortality of cubs,younger than 1 month old,in captivity.

关键词： acoustic communication broadband calls maternal care neonates ultrasonic frequencies

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Friend or foe? Using eye-tracking technology to investigate the visual discrimination ability of giant pandas

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 430-439页

作者： Xinrui Huang Guo Li guiquan zhang Zixiang Li Lin Zhao Mengdie Zhu Qinghua Xiang Xuefeng Liu Mei Tian Hemin zhang Christina D.Buesching Dingzhen Liu Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological EngineeringDepartment of EcologyCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant PandaSichuan 623004China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing Key Laboratoryof CaptiveWildlife Technology Beijing ZooBeijing100044China Department of Biology Irving K.Barber Faculty of ScienceThe University of British ColumbiaOkanagan CampusKelownaBCCanada

The role that visual discriminative ability plays among giant pandas in social communication and individual discrimination has received less attention than olfactory and auditory ***,we used an eye-tracker technology to investigate pupil fixation patterns for 8 captive male giant pandas Ailuropoda *** paired images(N=26)of conspecifics against:1)sympatric predators(gray wolves and tigers),and non-threatening sympatric species(golden pheasant,golden snub-nosed monkey,takin,and red panda),2)conspecifics with atypical fur colora-tion(albino and brown),and 3)zookeepers/non-zookeepers wearing either work uniform or plain *** each session,we tracked the pan-da's pupil movements and measured pupil first fixation point(FFP),fixation latency,total fixation count(TFC),and duration(TFD)of attention to each ***,pandas exhibited similar attention(FFPs and TFCs)to images of predators and non-threatening sympatric *** of golden pheasant,snub-nosed monkey,and tiger received less attention(TFD)than images of conspecifics,whereas images of takin and red panda received more attention,suggesting a greater alertness to habitat or food competitors than to potential ***'TFCs were greater for images of black-white conspecifics than for albino or brown phenotypes,implying that familiar color elicited more *** reacted differently to images of men versus *** images of women only,pandas gave more attention(TFC)to familiar combinations(uniformed zookeepers and plain-clothed non-zookeepers),consistent with the familiarity *** pandas can use visual perception to discriminate intra-specifically and inter-specifically,including details of human appearance,has applications for panda conservation and captive husbandry.

关键词： eye movement tracker giant panda images total fixation duration total pupil fixation count visual discrimination.

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Target chromosome-segment substitution: A way to breeding by design in rice

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 658-668页

作者： guiquan zhang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642GuangdongChina

Progress in plant breeding depends on the development of genetic resources,genetic knowledge,and breeding *** core of plant breeding is the use of naturally occurring *** the beginning of the post-genomic era,a new concept of"breeding by design"was proposed,which aims to control all allelic variation for all genes of agronomic *** the past two decades,we have applied a three-step strategy for research on rice breeding by *** the first step,we constructed a singlesegment substitution line(SSSL)library using Huajingxian 74(HJX74),an elite xian(indica)rice cultivar,as the recipient in which to assemble genes from the rice AA *** the second step,we identified a series of desirable genes in the SSSL *** the third step,we designed new rice lines,and achieved the breeding goals by pyramiding target genes in the HJX74-SSSL *** review introduces the background,concept,and strategy of breeding by design,as well as our achievements in rice breeding by design using the HJX74-SSSL *** practice shows that target chromosome-segment substitution is a way to breeding by design.

关键词： Gene pool Chromosome-segment substitution Breeding by design Breeding platform Rice

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燃煤烟气湿法协同脱硫脱碳技术研究进展

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化工进展 2024年第5期43卷 2324-2342页

作者：高凡翔刘阳张贵泉秦锋姚建涛金辉师进文西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室陕西西安710049 西安热工研究院有限公司陕西西安710054 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司技术研发中心北京100028

燃煤烟气中SO_(2)和CO_(2)的处理逐渐向协同脱除方向发展,基于湿法脱硫和脱碳的组合技术因此获得了广泛关注。本文首先系统梳理了梯级(依次)脱硫脱碳技术的重点研究方向,认为SO_(2)的胺降解作用是该类技术面对的核心问题,但其影响机理... 详细信息

燃煤烟气中SO_(2)和CO_(2)的处理逐渐向协同脱除方向发展,基于湿法脱硫和脱碳的组合技术因此获得了广泛关注。本文首先系统梳理了梯级(依次)脱硫脱碳技术的重点研究方向,认为SO_(2)的胺降解作用是该类技术面对的核心问题,但其影响机理尚未形成统一共识。从控制排放和预防降解两个角度出发,分析了强化脱硫技术和胺降解抑制剂对缓解SO_(2)不利影响的作用。与梯级处理相比,联合(同步)脱硫脱碳技术可基于单一溶剂实现循环吸收-解吸。然后总结了钙法、氨法、胺法等联合脱硫脱碳(联脱)技术的最新进展,梳理并对比了各类吸收体系的原理和工艺设计,其中基于氨水的联脱工艺研究最为成熟。还简述了两类协同脱除技术的优缺点和发展前景。最后,建议对于梯级脱硫脱碳技术未来应重点关注SO_(2)的胺降解机理及其在开发预防降解措施中的作用,对于联脱技术应加强反应理论和集成工艺建模研究等。

关键词：煤燃烧烟气二氧化碳捕集脱硫集成

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Fine mapping of locus S-b for F_1 pollen sterility in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第6期51卷 675-680页

作者： LI Wentao ZENG Ruizhen zhang Zemin DING Xiaohua zhang guiquan Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Plant Molecular Breeding SouthChina Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China

Hybrid sterility is the main barrier in util-izing the heterosis of subspecies in rice. A knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism of the hybrid sterility will be useful for overcoming the barrier. In this research, the F1 pollen sterility locus, S-b, was mapped between SSR markers PSM8 and PSM202. To fine map the locus, one F2 mapping population of 3910 plants was developed using the near-isogenic lines of the locus. Ninety-seven recombinants be-tween two markers were selected. Moreover, a series of markers, including two SSR markers, two InDel markers and four CAPS markers, were developed on the region. Linkage analysis showed that marker W4 was co-segregated with locus S-b, while makers A8 and A14 were located on the two sides of the locus with a distance of 0.026 and 0.038 cM, respectively. The markers were then integrated with the se-quences of the clones of the region. Results showed that all the polymorphic markers were anchored on the three end-to-end jointed clones AC093089, AC079021 and AC134931. According to the physical information of the markers, locus S-b was finally de-limited to a region of 27 kb between A8 and A14. Seven ORFs were identified on the region based on the annotation results of RiceGAAS system. These results laid the foundation for further cloning the gene.

关键词：水稻杂种不育性分子标记杂交第一代花粉不育性

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Highly specific characterization and discrimination of monosodium urate crystals in gouty arthritis based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2023年第6期6卷 704-717页

作者： Wenjuan Wang guiquan zhang Ziyi Chen Hanlin Xu Bohan zhang Rong Hu Anjun Qin Yinghui Hua Department of Sports Medicine Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200040China State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular AggregatesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission AlE InstituteSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Department of PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Existing technologies used to detect monosodium urate(MSU)crystals for gout diagnosis are not ideal due to their low sensitivity and complexity of *** purpose of this study was to explore whether aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)can be used for highly specific imaging of MSU crystals to assist in the diagnosis of ***,we developed a series of luminogens(i.e.,tetraphenyl ethylene(TPE)-NH_(2),TPE-2NH_(2),TPE-4NH_(2),TPE-COOH,TPE-2COOH,TPE-4COOH,and TPE-Ketoalkyne),each of which was then evenly mixed with MSU ***,optimal fluorescence imaging of each of the luminogens was characterized by a confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM).This approach was used for imaging standard samples of MSU,hydroxyapatite(HAP)crystals,and mixed samples with 1:1 mass ratio of MSU/*** also imaged samples from mouse models of acute gouty arthritis,HAP deposition disease,and comorbidities of ***,CLSM imaging results were compared with those of compensated polarized light microscopy,and we assessed the biosafety of TPE-Ketoalkyne in the RAW264.7 cell ***,CLSM time series and three-dimensional imaging were performed on MSU crystal samples from human gouty synovial fluid and *** a promising candidate for MSU crystal labeling,TPE-Ketoalkyne was found to detect MSU crystals accurately and rapidly in standard samples,animal samples,and human samples,and could precisely distinguish gout from HAP deposition *** work demonstrates that TPE-Ketoalkyne is suitable for highly specific and timely imaging of MSU crystals in gouty arthritis and may facilitate future research on MSU crystal-related diseases.

关键词： Gout Monosodium urate Hydroxyapatite TPE-Ketoalkyne Aggregation-induced emission Confocal laser scanning microscope imaging

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High-throughput sequencing analysis of the regulation of intestinal flora in giant pandas with indigestion using a probiotic agent LyPB

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2589-2595页

作者： Yu zhang Zhi zhang Jianzhang Ma Bo Luo guiquan zhang Guocai zhang Kexin Yang Gang Wei School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China China Conservation and Research Center for Giant Panda Ya’anPeople’s Republic of China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinPeople’s Republic of China

This study aimed to investigate the eff ect of LyPB on the intestinal microfl ora of giant pandas with indigestion,using high-throughput sequencing(HTS)*** species distribution and microfl oral density and diversity before and after administration of the LyPB probiotic agent were *** evidently has the ability to adjust the fl oral imbalance in the panda’s *** test the eff ects of LyPB on the microfl ora of the panda gut,fecal samples were taken from a healthy giant panda(Anan)without administration of LyPB and from a dyspeptic giant panda Yangyang before and after LyPB *** with the sample obtained from healthy Anan(anan-c)and that obtained from dyspeptic Yangyang before LyPB administration(yangyang1),the sample taken from Yangyang(yangyang2)after LyPB administration displayed a signifi cant increase in the operational taxonomic unit *** increase in the Chao index indicated an increase in the microfl oral richness,while an increase in the Shannon index indicated an increase in microfl oral *** phylum and genus levels,a signifi cant increase was observed in the density of probiotic bacteria of phylum fi rmicutes,genus Streptococcus,while a drastic reduction in the density of Escherichia coli/Escherichia coli Shigella/bacteria of genus Shigella was *** obtained in this study shows that LyPB preparations successfully improve the microbial structure within the panda’s intestinal canal by signifi cantly increasing the eff ective microbial community and decreasing the number of pathogenic microbes.

关键词： High-throughput sequencing Intestinal fl ora Pandas Indigestion LyPB

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Male panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) urine contains kinship information

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第18期53卷 2793-2800页

作者： LIU DingZhen WEI RongPing zhang guiquan YUAN Hong WANG ZhiPeng SUN Lixing zhang Jianxu zhang HeMin Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education China & institute of Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China China Research and Conservation Center for the Giant Panda Wolong 623006 China Department of Biological Science Central Washington University WA 98926-7537 USA State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academyof Science Beijing 100080 China

Chemical communication plays an important role in kin selection and mate choice in mammals. The covariance of odor-genes of rodents has been documented and kinship odor has been proposed and termed, yet little is known of the relationship between genetic relatedness and chemical composition of kinship odors. Giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) rely substantially on chemical communication to mediate their social interactions. To examine the relationship between genetic relatedness and compounds in the urine/anogenital gland secretions, we compared the similarities between genetic relatedness and the chemical profiles of anogenital gland secretions and urine via lineage construction and GC-MS (gas chromatography and mass spectrometry). We found that information about kinship odors was present only in the urine of male adults in the mating season but absent in the non-mating season. Adult females and all sub-adults did not have such kinship odors in either mating or non-mating season. Therefore, kinship odor in the panda was contingent on age, sex, and season. This is the first report about the condition-dependent expression of kinship odor, which may have a sig- nificant implication in the practice of panda conservation in relation to chemical communication and sexual selection.

关键词：亲属关系雄性大熊猫尿液基因型

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Transpositional behaviour of the Ds element in the Ac/Ds system in rice

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第20期52卷 2789-2796页

作者： LIU Fang zhang XiangQian zhang ZeMin CHEN ZhaoGui ZHU HaiTao WANG Jiang zhang JingLiu zhang guiquan College of Agriculture South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China

Insertional mutagenesis based on maize Activator/Dissociator (Ac/Ds) transposons is becoming a ma- jor approach used to produce a saturated mutant collection in rice. In this research, Ds-T-DNA trans- formed homozygotes were crossed with Ac-T-DNA transformed homozygotes in order to establish an Ac/Ds transposon system in rice. The successive investigation of Ds transposition from F1 to F5 gen- erations indicated that the frequencies of germinal transposition increased over successive genera- tions and reached 54.2% in F3 generation. The Ds transposition pattern revealed that a Ds transposition induced an approximately 170-bp deletion of T-DNA sequence and another Ds transposition carried a 272-bp T-DNA sequence. Using thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR), some flanking se- quences of the Ds element were amplified. Analyses of 17 Ds-flanking sequences showed that five Ds were inserted into gene regions. The Ds could transpose not only to the linked sites but also to the unlinked sites. The frequency of inter-chromosomal transposition of Ds was 33.3%.

关键词：置换行为稻米激活剂幼芽

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Seasonal variations in the plant diet of the Chinese Monal revealed by fecal DNA metabarcoding analysis

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Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 208-215页

作者： Bin Wang Yun Li guiquan zhang Jian Yang Cao Deng Haoyu Hu Long zhang Xiaoqin Xu Caiquan Zhou Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchong637002China Institute of Ecology China West Normal UniversityNanchong637002China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassl and Administration on Conservation Biology of Rare Animalsin the Giant Panda National Park(China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda) Dujiangyan611830China Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province College of Veterinary MedicineSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing100700China

The Chinese Monal(Lophophorus thuysii)is an alpine-obligate galliform species of global conservation *** has been listed as a first class protected wildlife species in China,requiring conservation actions during the 14 th Five-Year Plan ***,the diet composition of Chinese Monal and its seasonal variations have rarely been studied,constraining the effective conservation of the ***,we investigated the plant diet composition of the Chinese Monal and its seasonal variations using a DNA metabarcoding approach on fecal *** collected 190 fecal samples of the Chinese Monals from the central Qionglai Mountains located in China,and analyzed the plant diet of this species using a DNA metabarcoding *** profiling of higher plants in the fecal samples was performed using the second internal transcribed spacer(ITS2)*** analyses,including rarefaction curves,nonmetric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)and permutational multivariate analysis of variance(PERMANOVA),were used to explore the seasonal variations in diet *** Chinese Monal foraged a wide range of plant recipes composed of 35 families and 83 genera throughout the year,with Brassicaceae,Apiaceae,and Poaceae as the dominant families,and Cardamine as the dominant *** species consumed plants from 62 genera from 28 families during the breeding season(n=81)and 66 genera from 31 families during the non-breeding season(n=109).Further,the plant diet composition significantly varied between the breeding and non-breeding seasons,especially for the frequency of occurrence and relative read abundances at genus *** study analyzed the plant diet of the Chinese Monal at a high resolution for the first time,and the results revealed that the seasonal variations in its plant diet composition was adapted to plant phenology and foraging *** species,a previously confirmed important food resource for the Chinese Monal,were not detected in any fe

关键词： Chinese monal Conservation management Diet seasonality DNA metabarcoding Endangered species

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