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Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants Confirmed by the Baka in Southern and Eastern Cameroon

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 76-106页

作者： Natacha Nana Afiong Pascal Billong Fils Karelle Kouetchua Guekam Eloge Kambale Muhesi Eva Avila Martin guillermo ros brull Julia E. Fa Stephan Michael Funk Evariste Fongnzossie Fedoung Jean Lagarde Betti Department of Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms University of Douala Douala Cameroon Zerca y lejos ONGD Madrid Spain Department of Natural Sciences School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR Headquarters Bogor Indonesia Nature Heritage Jersey Channel Islands Manchester UK Laboratory of Forest Resources and Wood Valorization Training Unit in Engineering Sciences Post Graduate School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroun Department of Wood Sciences Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water resources and Environment University of Ber-toua Bertoua Cameroon

The limitations of biomedecine to provide effective solutions to certain pandemics has led many people to turn to alternative therapies. These palliative solutions, particularly phytomedecines, are much sought after for disease prevention and treatment. The Baka, a group of forest-dwelling people, hold knowledge on how wild plants can be effective in treating many illnesses. However, the greatest challenge for the identification of traditional medicines depends on the veracity of the information provided during ethnobotanic surveys by user populations. The present study describes forest plants used by the Baka and confirmed by them as being employed for traditional medicine. We carried out ethnobotanical surveys between 2019 and 2021 in 221 households within four districts of the Eastern and Southern Region of Cameroon. We used indices of significant use and performance applied to all mentioned species, alongside searches in the literature. The statistical tools used to distinguish the different groups/districts is Pearson’s X2 test. A total of 378 plant species were identified of 270 genera and 85 families. Ethnobotanical indices allowed to identify the most confirmed and efficient plants for several health problems. A pairwise comparison of these indices showed a significant correlation with a p-value < 2.2e-16 and a dissimilarity distance less than 0.5. Some plants selected are widely cited in other regions and/or countries for the same health problems. The presence of active molecules responsible for their biological activity was also proven, justifying their use in traditional medicine. This paper examines the potential to enhance the value of Cameroon’s pharmacopeia by integrating various ethnobotanical indices. It aims to discover new therapeutic molecules and develop improved traditional products from the diverse plant species documented. The findings indicate opportunities to advance both local and global healthcare solutions.

关键词： Confirmed Plants Import-Substitution Improved Traditional Medicine (ITM) Sustainable Development Goals Therapeutic Molecules

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From the epididymis to the egg： participation of CRISP proteins in mammalian fertilization

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 711-715,I0005页

作者： Vanina G Da ros Mariana Weigel Munoz Maria A Battistone Nicolas G Brukman guillermo Carvajal Ludmila Curci Matlas D Gomez-Elias Debora J Cohen Patricia S Cuasnicu Instituto de Biologi y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET) Buenos Aires C1428ADN Argentina

Mammalian fertilization is a complex process that involves different steps of interaction between the male and female gametes. In spite of its relevance, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process still remain to be elucidated. The present review describes the contribution of our laboratory to the understanding of mammalian fertilization using Cysteine-Rlch Secretory Proteins （CRISP） as model molecules. Substantial evidence obtained from in vitro assays and knockout models shows that epididymal CRISP1 associates with the sperm surface with two different affinities during maturation, and participates in the regulation of signaling pathways during capacitation as well as in both sperm-zona pellucida interaction and gamete fusion. These observations can be extended to humans as judged by our findings showing that the human homolog of the rodent protein （hCRISP1） is also involved in both stages of fertilization. Evidence supports that other members of the CRISP family secreted in the testis （CRISP2）, epididymis （CRISP3-4） or during ejaculation （CRISP3） are also involved in sperm-egg interaction, supporting the existence of a functional redundancy and cooperation between homolog proteins ensuring the success of fertilization. Together, our observations indicate that CRISP proteins accompany spermatozoa along their transit through both the male and female reproductive tracts. We believe these results not only contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of fertilization but also support CRISP proteins as excellent candidates for future research on infertility and contraception.

关键词： Cysteine-Rlch Secretory Proteins epididymal proteins fertilization sperm

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Visible-Light-Active Noble-Metal Photocatalysts for Water Disinfection: A Review

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2019年第10期11卷 1207-1232页

作者： Ashraya Upadhyaya guillermo Rincó n Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of New Orleans New Orleans USA

The sanitary and environmental challenges posed by an ever growing economically and geographically diverse human population include the need for sustainable, inexpensive, scalable, and decentralized water treatment technologies that can supplement or replace conventional treatment methods. These challenges can be met by semiconductor photocatalysis, especially if the process is driven by visible light energy. Visible-light active (VLA) photocatalysis, as opposed to traditional energy-intensive and chemically driven disinfection methods such as ozonation, UV irradiation and chlorination, has the potential for achieving high disinfection efficiency with low energy consumption and no harmful by-products. This technology generates in-situ reactive oxygen species (ros) such as H2O2, and?, without the need for chemicals addition. In turn, ros are capable of penetrating cell walls and membranes of microorganisms, effectively inactivating them. Although multiple types of VLA photocatalysts have been used experimentally for disinfection of water, noble-metal-based photocatalysts have gained the most interest due to their surface plasma resonance (SPR) effect, which acts synergistically to increase the disinfection potential of the photocatalytic process. This paper is a review of the different types of noble-metal-based VLA photocatalysts used for water disinfection in different experimental settings, their synthesis procedures and disinfection mechanisms. It also discusses innovative approaches to overcome a major hurdle in photocatalysis, that is, the rapid recombination of the electron and hole pair, by including specific dopants into the structure of the photocatalyst.

关键词： Photocatalytic Disinfection Visible Light Active (VLA) Photocatalysis Noble Metal Reactive Oxidative Species (ros)

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罗斯住宅区

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新建筑 2015年第6期 86-86页

作者： Luis Zino guillermo Probst Fotosintesis 周钰华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院

在卡雷塔斯海峡地区附近一片面积尺寸极小（10 m×10 m）且建筑条例允许的最大高度为9 m的地块,我们要设计一个小尺度的房地产开发项目。采取的方案是设计具有与蒙得维的亚传统房产不一样的空间概念的居住单元。总共有三个单元,每个都... 详细信息

在卡雷塔斯海峡地区附近一片面积尺寸极小（10 m×10 m）且建筑条例允许的最大高度为9 m的地块,我们要设计一个小尺度的房地产开发项目。采取的方案是设计具有与蒙得维的亚传统房产不一样的空间概念的居住单元。总共有三个单元,每个都被设计为具有一定个性化和私密性的空间。每个单元都有三层,从而具有较好的内部和外部空间的联系。通过双层通高带天窗的内部空间,每个单元都可以从东北面得到充足光线和太阳的照耀。

关键词：住宅区房地产开发项目居住单元空间概念最大高度外部空间内部空间小尺度

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