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Computational History:Challenges and Opportunities of Formal Approaches

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journal of Social Computing 2023年第3期4卷 232-242页

作者： jürgen jost Roberto Lalli Manfred D.Laubichler Eckehard Olbrich jürgen Renn guillermo Restrepo Peter F.Stadler Dirk Wintergrün the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences Leipzig 04103Germany the Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM 87501USA the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Berlin 14195Germany the School of Complex Adaptive Systems and the Global Biosocial Complexity Initiative Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA the Department of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics Leipzig UniversityLeipzig 04109Germany

We propose a program for a computational analysis,based on large scale datasets,of deep conceptual and formal structures,representing the mechanisms of historical transformations in different domains ranging from biological to social,cultural,and knowledge *** conceptualize such systems as consisting of complex multi-layer *** properties of such networks may explain the spreading of *** relations between the dynamics of interacting networks may help to identify *** systems may show path and context *** illustrate our approach by case studies from all those types of systems.

关键词： computational history history of science network analysis big data

Sexual dimorphism in immune response： Testing the hypothesis in an insect species with two male morphs

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 620-628页

作者： Gloria Ruiz-Guzman jorge Canales-Lazcano jesus guillermo jimenez-Cortes jorge Contreras-Garduno Centro de Investigacion Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica Av. Universidad No. 655 C. P. 62100 Cuernavaca Morelos Departamento de Biologia Divisi6n de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas Universidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato Departamento de Ecologia Evolufiva Instituto de Ecologia Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Apdo. Postal 70-275 04510 Mexico D. F. Mexico

It has been proposed that given that males should invest in sexual traits at the expense of their investment in immune response, females are better immunocompetent than males. Typically, this idea has been tested in monomorphic species, but rarely has been evaluated in polymorphic male species. We used Paraphlebia zoe, a damselfly with two male morphs： the black-winged morph （Black-W） develop black spots as sexual traits and the hyaline-winged morph （Hyaline-W） resembles a female in size and wings color. We predicted that Black-W should have a lower immune response than Hyaline-W, but that the latter males should not differ from females in this respect. Nitric oxide （NO） and phenoloxidase （PO） production, as well as hemolymph protein content, were used as immune markers. Body size （wing length） was used as an indicator of the male condition. The results show that, as we predicted, females and Hyaline-W had higher values of NO than Black-W, corresponding to differences in size. However, the opposite was found in relation to PO production. Females had the highest levels of hemolymph protein content, whereas no differences were found between Black-W and Hyaline-W. These results partially support the sexual selection hypothesis and are discussed in the context of the life history of this species. Black-W, Hyaline-W, and females could express the immune markers that are prioritized by their particular condition, and probably neither of them could express all immune markers in an elevated manner, as this would result in an excessive accumulation of free radicals.

关键词： immune response male morphs Paraphlebia zoe polymorphic species,territoriality trade-off

Usefulness of the CONUT index upon hospital admission as a potential prognostic indicator of COVID-19 health outcomes

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Chinese Medical journal 2022年第2期135卷 187-193页

作者： Adrian K.Bengelloun guillermo j.Ortega julio Ancochea Ancor Sanz-Garcia Diego A.Rodriguez-Serrano guillermo Fernandez-jimenez Rosa Giron Elena Avalos joan B.Soriano j.Ignacio de Ulibarri Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Unidad de Análisis de Datos Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital de la PrincesaMadridSpain Servicios de Neumología Admisión y Documentación ClínicaCuidados Intensivos y Nutrición y DietéticaHospital Universitario de La PrincesaMadridSpain Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III(ISCIII)MadridEspañaSpain

Background:In-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is *** prognostic indices are needed to identify patients at high-risk of COVID-19 health *** aimed to determine the usefulness of the CONtrolling NUTritional status(CONUT)index as a potential prognostic indicator of mortality in COVID-19 patients upon hospital ***:Our study design is of a retrospective observational study in a large cohort of COVID-19 *** addition to descriptive statistics,a Kaplan-Meier mortality analysis and a Cox regression were performed,as well as receiver operating curve(ROC).Results:From February 5,2020 to january 21,2021,there was a total of 2969 admissions for COVID-19 at our hospital,corresponding to 2844 ***,baseline(within 4 days of admission)CONUT index could be scored for 1627(57.2%)***’age was 67.3±16.5 years and 44.9%were *** CONUT severity distribution was:194(11.9%)normal(0-1);769(47.2%)light(2-4);585(35.9%)moderate(5-8);and 79(4.9%)severe(9-12).Mortality of 30 days after admission was 3.1%in patients with normal risk CONUT,9.0%light,22.7%moderate,and 40.5%in those with severe CONUT(P<0.05).An increased risk of death associated with a greater baseline CONUT stage was sustained in a multivariable Cox regression model(P<0.05).An increasing baseline CONUT stage was associated with a longer duration of admission,a greater requirement for the use of non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation,and other clinical outcomes(all P<0.05).The ROC of CONUT for mortality had an area under the curve(AUC)and 95%confidence interval of 0.711(0.676-0746).Conclusion:The CONUT index upon admission is potentially a reliable and independent prognostic indicator of mortality and length of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients.

关键词： Admission Clinical risk CONUT COVID-19 Prognosis Score

Stem cells, growth factors and scaffolds in craniofacial regenerative medicine

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第1期3卷 56-71页

作者： Viktor Tollemar Zach j.Collier Maryam K.Mohammed Michael j.Lee guillermo A.Ameer Russell R.Reid The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Section of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Surgery Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Biomedical Engineering Department Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Current reconstructive approaches to large craniofacial skeletal defects are often complicated and ***-sized defects are unable to heal via natural regenerative processes and require surgical intervention,traditionally involving autologous bone(mainly in the form of nonvascularized grafts)or *** bone grafts remain the gold standard of care in spite of the associated risk of donor site *** engineering approaches represent a promising alternative that would serve to facilitate bone regeneration even in large craniofacial skeletal *** strategy has been tested in a myriad of iterations by utilizing a variety of osteoconductive scaffold materials,osteoblastic stem cells,as well as osteoinductive growth factors and small *** of the major challenges facing tissue engineers is creating a scaffold fulfilling the properties necessary for controlled bone *** properties include osteoconduction,osteoinduction,biocompatibility,biodegradability,vascularization,and progenitor cell *** review will provide an overview of how optimization of the aforementioned scaffold parameters facilitates bone regenerative capabilities as well as a discussion of common osteoconductive scaffold materials.

关键词： Bone regeneration Craniofacial defects Osteogenesis Regenerative medicine Scaffolds Tissue engineering

From the epididymis to the egg： participation of CRISP proteins in mammalian fertilization

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Asian journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 711-715,I0005页

作者： Vanina G Da Ros Mariana Weigel Munoz Maria A Battistone Nicolas G Brukman guillermo Carvajal Ludmila Curci Matlas D Gomez-Elias Debora j Cohen Patricia S Cuasnicu Instituto de Biologi y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET) Buenos Aires C1428ADN Argentina

Mammalian fertilization is a complex process that involves different steps of interaction between the male and female gametes. In spite of its relevance, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process still remain to be elucidated. The present review describes the contribution of our laboratory to the understanding of mammalian fertilization using Cysteine-Rlch Secretory Proteins （CRISP） as model molecules. Substantial evidence obtained from in vitro assays and knockout models shows that epididymal CRISP1 associates with the sperm surface with two different affinities during maturation, and participates in the regulation of signaling pathways during capacitation as well as in both sperm-zona pellucida interaction and gamete fusion. These observations can be extended to humans as judged by our findings showing that the human homolog of the rodent protein （hCRISP1） is also involved in both stages of fertilization. Evidence supports that other members of the CRISP family secreted in the testis （CRISP2）, epididymis （CRISP3-4） or during ejaculation （CRISP3） are also involved in sperm-egg interaction, supporting the existence of a functional redundancy and cooperation between homolog proteins ensuring the success of fertilization. Together, our observations indicate that CRISP proteins accompany spermatozoa along their transit through both the male and female reproductive tracts. We believe these results not only contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of fertilization but also support CRISP proteins as excellent candidates for future research on infertility and contraception.

关键词： Cysteine-Rlch Secretory Proteins epididymal proteins fertilization sperm

Fast and reliable identification of atomically thin layers of TaSe2 crystals

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Nano Research 2013年第3期6卷 191-199页

作者： Andres Castellanos-Gomez Efren Navarro-Moratalla guillermo Mokry jorge Quereda Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos Nicolas Agrait Herre S. j. van der Zant Eugenio Coronado Gary A. Steele Gabino Rubio-Bollinger Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology Lorentzweg 1 2628 CJ Delft The Netherlands Instituto Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Univ. Valencia C/Catedrdtico Jose Beltrdn 2 E-46980 Paterna Spain Departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada (C-III). UniversidadAutonoma de Madrid Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain Instituto Madrileno de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia IMDEA-Nanociencia E-28049 Madrid Spain

Deposition of clean and defect-free atomically thin two-dimensional crystalline flakes on surfaces by mechanical exfoliation of layered bulk materials has proven to be a powerful technique, but it requires a fast, reliable and non-destructive way to identify the atomically thin flakes among a crowd of thick flakes. In this work, we provide general guidelines to identify ultrathin flakes of TaSe2 by means of optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, we determine the optimal substrates to facilitate the optical identification of atomically thin TaSe2 crystals. Experimental realization and isolation of ultrathin layers of TaSe2 enables future studies on the role of the dimensionality in interesting phenomena such as superconductivity and charge density waves.

关键词： atomically thin layer metal dichalcogenide layered superconductor TaSe2 optical microscopy Raman spectroscopy

3-D bioprinting technologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine:Current and future trends

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Genes & Diseases 2017年第4期4卷 185-195页

作者： Elliot S.Bishop Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Hue H.Luu Michael j.Lee jennifer Moriatis Wolf guillermo A.Ameer Tong-Chuan He Russell R.Reid Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Section of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Biomedical Engineering Department Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Surgery Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60616USA

Advances in three-dimensional(3D)printing have increased feasibility towards the synthesis of living *** as 3D bioprinting,this technology involves the precise layering of cells,biologic scaffolds,and growth factors with the goal of creating bioidentical tissue for a variety of *** successes have demonstrated distinct advantages over conventional tissue engineering *** surprisingly,there are current challenges to address before 3D bioprinting becomes clinically *** we provide an overview of 3D bioprinting technology and discuss key advances,clinical applications,and current *** 3D bioprinting is a relatively novel tissue engineering strategy,it holds great potential to play a key role in personalized medicine.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Bioprinting CAD/CAM 3D printing Tissue engineering

j. M. Keynes＇ paradox： The saving glut

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Chinese Business Review 2010年第11期9卷 10-20页

作者： jose guillermo Pelaez Gramajo Departamento de Produccion Economica Universidad A ut6noma Metropolitana Distrito Federal 04960 Mexico

The present paper offers an opportunity to explore Keynes＇ contribution to our understanding of crisis by returning to him seminal contribution in the theory of the effective demand. The analysis contrasts this approach with the neoclassical orthodoxy regarding the theory of the interest rate and the relation between saving and investment. The author poses the fundamental question： Can a policy of stimulating saving promote investment？ By using the ＂Saving Paradox＂ presented in chapter sixteen, as a framework for interpreting Bernanke＇s description of the saving glut and the current account deficit of the U.S. economy, the author offers an answer that is useful for understanding the current situation. The author also shows how moral hazard plays a significant role in the current crisis.

关键词： Keynes saving glut paradox current account deficit moral hazard crisis

Loss of Surround Inhibition and After Sensation as Diagnostic Parameters of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2012年第4期3卷 344-353页

作者： Marie Wojcik Wolanin Robert j. Schwartzman guillermo Alexander john Grothusen Department of Neurology Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia USA

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) is a severe chronic pain condition. Patients with CRPS experience allodynia, hyperalgesia, autonomic dysfunction, movement difficulties and dystrophic changes. However other characteristics that may be unique to the pain in CRPS require further study. This study evaluated pain parameters in ninety five subjects composed of three groups: healthy pain free controls, patients with radiculopathy and CRPS patients. Healthy subjects were tested in all four extremities, whereas radiculopathy and CRPS patients were tested only on the most affected extremity. All subjects were tested for the following pain parameters: thermal allodynia, mechanical static and dynamic allodynia, windup, and a hyperalgesic mechanical stimulus. All subjects were also evaluated for autonomic dysfunction, movement disorder and dystrophic skin changes. Statistically significant differences were found between both pain groups and the healthy control subjects as well as between the two pain groups. The finding that statistically differentiated CRPS from radiculopathy and normal controls was pain spread following an algesic mechanical and cold stimulus as well as after sensations to these stimuli. The study demonstrated a simple bedside test that discriminated between CRPS, radiculopathy and healthy control subjects.

关键词： CRPS Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Radiculopathy Pain After Sensation Spread Chronic Pain