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effects of a sex ratio gradient on female mate-copying and choosiness in Drosophila melanogaster

Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 251-258页

作者： Magdalena MOnIeR Sabine nOBeL guillaume ISABeL etienne DAnCHIn UMR-5174 Laboratoire Evolution & Diversite Biologique (EDB) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de NarbonneF-31062 Toulouse Cedex 9 France Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA) Centre de Biologie Integrative (CBI) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Universite de Toulouse 118 route de Narbonne F-31082 Toulouse Cedex 9 France

In many sexually reproducing species, individuals can gather information about potential mates by observing their mating success. This behavioral pattern, that we call mate-copying, was reported in the fruit fly Drosophila rnelanogaster where females choosing between 2 males of contrasting phenotypes can build a preference for males of the phenotype they previously saw being chosen by a demonstrator female. As sex ratio is known to affect mate choice, our goal was to test whether mate-copying is also affected by encountered sex ratios. Thus, we created a gradient of sex ratio during demonstrations of mate-copying experiments by changing the number of females observ- ing from a central arena 6 simultaneous demonstrations unfolding in 6 peripheral compartments of a hexagonal device. We also tested whether the sex ratio experienced by females during demon- strations affected their choosiness （male courtship duration and double courtship rate） in subse- quent mate-choice tests. experimental male：female sex ratio during demonstrations did not affect mate-copying indices, but positively affected the proportion of both males courting the female during mate-choice tests, as well as male courtship duration, the latter potentially explaining the for- mer relationship. As expected, the sex ratio affected female choosiness positively, and Drosophila females seem to have evolved a mate-copying ability independently of sex ratio, and a capacity to adapt their choosiness to male availability. This suggests that, as in many animal species, individuals, especially females, can adapt their mate choice depending on the current sex ratio.

关键词： competition Drosophila melanogaster experimental protocol mate-copying social learning sex ratio.

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凯卢瓦之作:探寻社会学、历史学、人类学的限度

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第欧根尼 2024年第1期 35-49,147页

作者：纪尧姆·布里代马烨昕(译) 法国巴黎第三大学法语和拉丁语文学与语言学系不详

要确定凯卢瓦在20世纪文学史和思想史中的地位并非易事。这位作者的形象扑朔迷离,就像他在1977年为魅影撰写的小指南一《十五区幽灵指南》中巧妙唤起的一个幽灵形象。[1]他于1933年获得了巴黎高等师范学院(theecole normale supérieure... 详细信息

要确定凯卢瓦在20世纪文学史和思想史中的地位并非易事。这位作者的形象扑朔迷离,就像他在1977年为魅影撰写的小指南一《十五区幽灵指南》中巧妙唤起的一个幽灵形象。[1]他于1933年获得了巴黎高等师范学院(theecole normale supérieure)师范生学位(normalien),1936年获得了语法学硕士学位,曾短期投身于关于罗马人宗教词汇的论文研究,并在1948年申请了法国国家科学研究中心(CnRS)的研究员职位。

关键词：法学硕士学位巴黎高等师范学院师范生 CnRS 历史学

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Does insect mother know under what conditions it will make their offspring live？

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 141-149页

作者： Fatemeh Kohandani guillaume Jean Le Goff Thierry Hance earth and Life Institute Biodiversity Research Centre Universite Catholique de Louvain 4 Place Croix du Sud 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium

According to the optimal oviposition theory, the larval success of insects depends on the oviposition site selection by females. Females are expected to choose a site with many resources and few competitors or predators to allow the best performance for their progeny, assuming that ＂mother knows best.＂ However, this is not systematically observed. The Aphidoletes aphidimyza larvae are generalist aphid predators and females consequently lay their eggs near or inside aphid colonies. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact ofintraspecific competition on oviposition behavior of A. aphidimyza females. First, we counted the number of eggs laid by a female on a leaf with 20 aphids, in the presence of 0, 2, 4, or 6 conspecific eggs or in the absence of eggs but in presence of 3 virgin females. The same experiment was also performed under choice condition with 2 oviposition sites. Our results show that the presence of low densities ofconspecific eggs, or the presence of conspecific females, have no significant impact on the number of eggs laid by A. aphidimyza females. One of the hypotheses advanced to explain these results is the advantages of conspecifics presence. At low densities, the presence of eggs on an oviposition site can indicate the suitability of the site for the females. The conspecific presence can also insure a dilution effect against predator and increase the presence of potential mating partners for this monogenic species.

关键词： Aphidoletes aphidimyza clutch size dilution effect intraspecific competition optimal oviposition predatory larvae

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Computer-animated stimuli to measure motionsensitivity： constraints on signal design in theJacky dragon

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 75-84页

作者： Kevin L. Woo guillaume RIeUCAU Darren BURKe SUnY empire State College Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 St North Miami FL 33181 USA School of Psychology University of Newcastle 10 Chittaway Road Ourimbah New South Wales 2258Australia

Identifying perceptual thresholds is critical for understanding the mechanisms that underlie signalevolution. Using computer-animated stimuli, we examined visual speed sensitivity in the Jackydragon Amphibolurus muricatus, a species that makes extensive use of rapid motor patterns in so-cial communication. First, focal lizards were tested in discrimination trials using random-dot kine-matograms displaying combinations of speed, coherence, and direction. Second, we measuredsubject lizards＇ ability to predict the appearance of a secondary reinforcer （1 of 3 differentcomputer-generated animations of invertebrates： cricket, spider, and mite） based on the directionof movement of a field of drifting dots by following a set of behavioural responses （e.g., orientingresponse, latency to respond） to our virtual stimuli. We found an effect of both speed and coher-ence, as well as an interaction between these 2 factors on the perception of moving ***, our results showed that Jacky dragons have acute sensitivity to high speeds. We then em-ployed an optic flow analysis to match the performance to ecologically relevant motion. Our resultssuggest that the Jacky dragon visual system may have been shaped to detect fast motion. Thispre-existing sensitivity may have constrained the evolution of conspecific displays. In contrast,Jacky dragons may have difficulty in detecting the movement of ambush predators, such as snakesand of some invertebrate prey. Our study also demonstrates the potential of the computer-animated stimuli technique for conducting nonintrusive tests to explore motion range and sensitiv-ity in a visually mediated species.

关键词： Amphibolurus muricatus, Jacky dragon, motion sensitivity, random-dot kinematograms, signal evolution, virtualstimuli.

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Shape Controllable Preparation of Submicronic Cadmium Tetrazole-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks via Solvothermal or Microwave-Assisted Methods and Their Photocatalytic Studies

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2017年第2期35卷 209-216页

作者： Arti Chouhan guillaume Pilet Stephane Daniele Ashutosh Pandey Department of Chemistry MNNIT Allahabad Allahabad 211004 India LMI UMR CNRS 5615 University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 69622 Villeurbanne cedex France IRCeLYOn UMR CNRS 5256 University Claude Bernard-Lyon 1 69626 Villeurbanne cedex France

The paper describes the experiments conducted to create shape controllable preparations of submicronic cad- mium tetrazole-based MOFs. In order to prepare the submicron sized blocks and tubes of bis[5-（2-pyridyltetrazo- lato）]diaquacadmium（II） [（2-PTZ）2Cd（H20）2] MOFs both solvothermal and microwave augmented reaction proce- dures have been followed. Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, cyanopyridine and sodium azide were used as reactants in both the conditions without any surfactants or modulators. Subsequently, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic studies were performed on the prepared MOFs. examinations using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction of the products made by the microwave method showed formation of bundles of reg- ular submicrotubes, as opposed to the submicron-sized irregular blocks of the Cd-MOF obtained through the sol- vothermal method. The fluorescence peak of the sub-microtube MOF was found at 460 nm while the irregu- lar-blocks emitted at 442 nm indicating a red shift for the former. In addition, the relative intensity of the peak at 460 nm was higher in the former, indicating a decrease in the crystallite size. Band gaps of the MOFs calculated by using the Tauc plots were 2.87 and 2.73 eV, respectively. Their photocatalytic performances using methylene blue under UV-vis irradiation have been investigated.

关键词： cadmium microwave synthesis solvothermal synthesis submicrotube photocatalysis

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H2O2-Activated Up-Regulation of Glutathione in Arabidopsis Involves Induction of Genes encoding enzymes Involved in Cysteine Synthesis in the Chloroplast

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 344-356页

作者： guillaume Queval Dorothée Thominet Hélène Vanacker Myroslawa Miginiac-Maslow Bertrand Gakière Graham noctor Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes UMR CNRS 8618 Universite de Paris Sud 91405 Orsay cedex France

Glutathione is a key player in cellular redox homeostasis and, therefore, in the response to H2O2, but the factors regulating oxidation-activated glutathione synthesis are still unclear. We investigated H2O2-induced glutathione synthesis in a conditional Arabidopsis catalase-deficient mutant （cat2）. Plants were grown from seed at elevated CO2 for 5 weeks, then transferred to air in either short-day or long-day conditions. Compared to cat2 at elevated CO2 or wild-type plants in any condition, transfer of cat2 to air in both photoperiods caused measurable oxidation of the leaf glutathione pool within hours. Oxidation continued on subsequent days and was accompanied by accumulation of glutathione. This effect was stronger in cat2 transferred to air in short days, and was not linked to appreciable increases in the extractable activities of or transcripts encoding enzymes involved in the committed pathway of glutathione synthesis. In contrast, it was accompanied by increases in serine, O-acetylserine, and cysteine. These changes in metabolites were accompanied by induction of genes encoding adenosine phosphosulfate reductase （APR）, particularly APR3, as well as a specific serine acetyltransferase gene （SAT2.1） encoding a chloroplastic SAT. Marked induction of these genes was only observed in cat2 transferred to air in short-day conditions, where cysteine and glutathione accumulation was most dramatic. Unlike other SAT genes, which showed negligible induction in cat2, the relative abundance of APR and SAT2.1 transcripts was closely correlated with marker transcripts for H2O2 signaling. Together, the data underline the importance of cysteine synthesis in oxidant-induced up-regulation of glutathione synthesis and suggest that the chloroplast makes an important contribution to cysteine production under these circumstances.

关键词： Oxidative stress catalase photoperiod 3,-glutamylcysteine synthetases (γ-eCS) adenosine phosphosulfate reductase (APR) serine acetyltransferase (SAT).

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A promiscuous interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with bacterial products

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第12期12卷 914-915页

作者： guillaume Carissimo Lisa F.P.ng A*STAR Infectious Disease laboratories(A*ID Labs) Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchImmunosSingapore 138648Singapore Singapore Immunology network(Slgn) Agency for ScienceTechnology and ResearchlmmunosSingapore 138648Singapore Institute of Infection Veterinary and Ecological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L73EAUK

SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for COVID-19 disease,and since its emergence it has spread globally with the number of total cases in the tens of ***-19 presents with varied clinical manifestations that range from asymptomatic disease to severe respiratory disease(pneumonia)with multiple organ failure and *** risk factors have been associated with severe COVID-19 disease such as age,gender,diabetes,cardiovascular disease,treat-ments,and comorbidities that affect the immune system(Harrison et al,2020).

关键词： cardiovascular respiratory clinical

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Ba substitution for enhancement of the thermoelectric properties of LaCoO_(3) ceramics(0≤x≤0.75)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2019年第4期8卷 519-526页

作者： Mohamed Ali BOUSnInA Fabien GIOVAnneLLI Loic PeRRIeRe guillaume GUeGAn Fabian DeLORMe Université Francois Rabelais de Tours CNRSINSA CVLGREMAN UMR7347IUT de Blois15 rue de la chocolaterieCS2903F-41029 Blois CedexFrance UniversitéParis 13 Sorbonne Paris CiteLaboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des MatériauxCNRSUPR 340799 avenue J.B.ClémentF-93430 VilletaneuseFrance Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-est UMR 7182 CNRS-UPEC2-8 Rue Henri Dunant94320 ThiaisFrance ST Microelectronics 16 Rue Pierre et Marie CurieTours 37100France

In the present work, dense perovskite ceramics were successfully prepared from a series of La1-xBaxCoO3 solid solutions in the range of substitution 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75 using solid state reaction and conventional sintering. Structural properties of La1-xBaxCoO3 were systematically investigated and thermoelectric properties were measured in the temperature range of 330–1000 K. The results show that the thermoelectric properties of Ba-substituted LaCoO3 depend on x. Indeed, at 330 K, electrical conductivity presents an optimum value for x = 0.25 with a value of σmax ≈ 2.2×105 S·m–1 whereas the Seebeck coefficient decreases when x and/or the temperature increases. The Ba-substituted LaCoO3 samples exhibit p-type semiconducting behaviour. The best power factor value found is 3.4×10–4 W·m–1·K–2 at 330 K for x = 0.075, which is 10% higher than the optimum value measured in La1–xSrxCoO3 for x = 0.05. The thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity increase with increasing temperature and Ba concentration. La1-xBaxCoO3 shows a maximum figure of merit(ZT = 0.048) for x = 0.05 at 330 K, 25% higher than the best value in La1–xSrxCoO3 compounds.

关键词： perovskite Ba-substituted LaCoO_(3) oxide thermoelectric p-type semiconductor

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Longitudinal trajectories of athlete burnout among young table tennis players: A 3-wave study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第4期9卷 367-375页

作者： guillaume Martinent Benoıt Louvet Jean-Claude Decret Laboratory of Vulnerabilities and Innovation in Sport Claude Bernard University Lyon 1Villeurbanne 69622France Center of Research of Transformations of Sports and Physical Activities(CeTAPS) University of RouenMont-Saint-Aignan 76821France French Federation of Table Tennis Paris 75625France

Purpose:The purposes of this study were to examine the trajectories of athlete burnout across a 2-month period characterized by high physical,psychological,and social demands to explore(1)whether several subgroups of athletes representing distinct burnout trajectories emerged from the analyses and(2)whether athlete burnout symptoms(reduced accomplishment,sport devaluation,and exhaustion)developed in tandem or whether some burnout dimensions predicted downstream changes in other dimensions(causal ordering model).Methods:One hundred and fifty-nine table tennis players in intensive training centers completed a self-reported athlete burnout measure across 3 time points within a 2-month period characterized by high *** were analyzed through latent class growth ***:Results of latent class growth analysis showed 3 distinct trajectories for each athlete burnout dimension,indicating not only linear or quadratic change but also stability in longitudinal athlete burnout *** also suggested that the 3 dimensions of athlete burnout did not develop in ***,the likelihood of belonging to particular emerging trajectories of sport devaluation and physical/emotional exhaustion was significantly influenced by the athletes’perception of reduced accomplishment assessed at Time ***,reduced accomplishment predicted downstream changes in the 2 other athlete burnout ***:As a whole,these results highlighted that the multinomial heterogeneity in longitudinal athlete burnout symptoms needs to be accounted for in future research.

关键词： Athlete burnout Intensive training Latent class growth analyses Person-centered approach Table tennis Youth elite athletes

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Time-dependent behaviour of the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone-concrete interface

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2020年第1期12卷 89-101页

作者： eleni Stavropoulou Matthieu Briffaut Frédéric Dufour guillaume Camps Univ.Grenoble Alpes CNRSGrenoble INP3SRF-38000GrenobleFrance Agence nationale pour la gestion des Déchets Radioactifs(Andra) Chatenay-MalabryFrance

In the context of the Cigeo project,the French national Radioactive Waste Management Agency(Andra)is studying the behaviour of a deep geological facility for radioactive waste deposit in the CallovoOxfordian(COx)*** assessment of durability of this project requires the prediction of irreversible strain over a large time *** mechanical interaction of the host rock and the concrete support of tunnels must be investigated to ensure the long-term sustainability of the *** instantaneous and time-dependent behaviour of the claystone-concrete interface is experimentally investigated with direct shear tests and long-duration shear tests of a few *** mechanical and structural state of the claystone which is affected after interaction with concrete reflects to the response of the claystone-concrete interface,and thus different types of COx claystone-concrete interfaces are *** delayed deformation of the interface is found to be linked to the level of the normal loading and the loading history while a different response of the interface was observed from the short-and long-duration tests,indicating a possible progressive modification of interface under long-duration loadings.

关键词： Callovo-Oxfordian(COx)claystone Interfaces Time-dependent behaviour

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