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New avenues for the treatment of immunotherapy-resistant pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1134-1153页

作者： Luis guilherme de Oliveira Silva Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Marcel Silva Luz Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Mariana.dos santos Calmon Gabriel Lima Correa santos Gabriel Reis Rocha Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Pancreatic cancer(PC)is characterized by its extremely aggressive nature and ranks 14th in the number of new cancer cases ***,due to its complexity,it ranks 7th in the list of the most lethal cancers *** pathogenesis of PC involves several complex processes,including familial genetic factors associated with risk factors such as obesity,diabetes mellitus,chronic pancreatitis,and *** in genes such as KRAS,TP53,and SMAD4 are linked to the appearance of malignant cells that generate pancreatic lesions and,consequently,*** this context,some therapies are used for PC,one of which is immunotherapy,which is extremely promising in various other types of cancer but has shown little response in the treatment of PC due to various resistance mechanisms that contribute to a drop in immunotherapy *** is therefore clear that the tumor microenvironment(TME)has a huge impact on the resistance process,since cellular and non-cellular elements create an immunosuppressive environment,characterized by a dense desmoplastic stroma with cancerassociated fibroblasts,pancreatic stellate cells,extracellular matrix,and immunosuppressive *** to this are genetic mutations in TP53 and immunosuppressive factors that act on T cells,resulting in a shortage of CD8+T cells and limited expression of activation markers such as *** this way,finding new strategies that make it possible to manipulate resistance mechanisms is ***,techniques such as the use of TME modulators that block receptors and stromal molecules that generate resistance,the use of genetic manipulation in specific regions,such as microRNAs,the modulation of extrinsic and intrinsic factors associated with T cells,and,above all,therapeutic models that combine these modulation techniques constitute the promising future of PC ***,this study aims to elucidate the main mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy in PC and new ways of manipulating thi

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Immunotherapy Resistance Tumor microenvironment manipulation Combined immunotherapy

Urea breath test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients: A meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 579-598页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Caroline Tianeze de Castro Marcel Silva Luz Gabriel Reis Rocha Gabriel Lima Correa santos Luís guilherme de Oliveira Silva Mariana santos Calmon Cláudio Lima Souza Ana Carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Instituto de Saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919-899ParanáBrazil Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology UFMGBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection has been well-established as a significant risk factor for several gastrointestinal *** urea breath test(UBT)has emerged as a leading non-invasive method for detecting *** numerous studies confirming its substantial accuracy,the reliability of UBT results is often compromised by inherent *** findings underscore the need for a rigorous statistical synthesis to clarify and reconcile the diagnostic accuracy of the UBT for the diagnosis of *** *** To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT for *** infection in adult patients with *** We conducted an independent search of the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Cochrane Central databases until April *** search included diagnostic accuracy studies that evaluated at least one of the index tests(^(13)C-UBT or ^(14)C-UBT)against a reference *** used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess the methodo-logical quality of the *** utilized the bivariate random-effects model to calculate sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative test likelihood ratios(LR+and LR-),as well as the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),and their 95%confidence *** conducted subgroup analyses based on urea.dosing,time after urea administration,and assessment *** investigate a possible threshold effect,we conducted Spearman correlation analysis,and we generated summary receiver operating characteristic(SROC)curves to assess ***,we visually inspected a funnel plot and used Egger’s test to evaluate publication *** both as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical *** In summary,our study has demonstrated that ^(13)C-UBT has been found to outperform the ^(14)C-UBT,making it the preferred diagnostic ***,our results emphasize the significance of carefully considering urea.dosage,assessment timing,and measurement techniques for both tests to enh

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath test Diagnosis Diagnostic test accuracy Meta-analysis

Immune pathway through endometriosis to ovarian cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 496-522页

作者： Mariana santos Calmon Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Marcel Silva Luz Samuel Luca Rocha Pinheiro Luis guilherme de Oliveira Silva Gabriel Lima Correa santos Gabriel Reis Rocha Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease,defined by the presence of functional endometrial tissue outside of the uterine *** disease is one of the main gynecological diseases,affecting around 10%-15%women and girls of reproductive age,being a common gynecologic *** endometriosis is a benign disease,it shares several characteristics with invasive *** support that it has been linked with an increased chance of developing endometrial ovarian cancer,representing an earlier stage of neoplastic *** is particularly true for women with clear cell carcinoma,low-grade serous carcinoma and ***,the carcinogenic pathways between both pathologies remain poorly *** studies suggest a connection between endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers(EAOCs)via pathways associated with oxidative stress,inflammation,and *** article aims to review current data on the molecular events linked to the development of EAOCs from endometriosis,specifically focusing on the complex relationship between the immune response to endometriosis and cancer,including the molecular mechanisms and their *** recent developments in immunotherapy and their potential to boost the effectiveness of future treatments.

关键词： Ovarian neoplasms Endometriosis Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers Immune response Immunotherapy

J-A formulation: A finite element methodology for simulating superconducting devices

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Superconductivity 2023年第2期6卷 64-73页

作者： Gabriel dos santos Bárbara Maria Oliveira santos Felipe Sass Flávio Goulart dos Reis Martins guilherme Gonçalves Sotelo Rubens de Andrade Junior Federal Fluminense University Brazil State University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

High‐temperature superconductors are a powerful technological option to be applied in the current scenario of energy *** applications include fault current limiters,power electrical cables,and electrical machines,for *** to the non‐linearities of superconductors,it is computationally costly to run real models of superconducting ***,it is of paramount importance to have a reliable and fast formulation to model superconducting *** paper proposes a new hybrid J‐A formulation to simulate superconducting *** new formulation is validated with 5 case studies,some of which are *** J‐A formulation agrees in all cases and has a smaller computation time when compared with the T‐A ***,due to the simple implementation,the proposed formulation allows the possibility of running the J and A formulations in the same order and presents itself as a potential feature to speed up and help the design of the superconducting devices.

关键词： High‐temperature superconductors Finite element method J‐A formulation

Magnetic bearings with double crossed loops modelled with T-A formulation and electric circuits

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Superconductivity 2023年第3期7卷 65-74页

作者： Bárbara Maria Oliveira santos Gabriel dos santos Flávio Goulart dos Reis Martins Felipe Sass guilherme Gonçalves Sotelo Rubens de Andrade Junior Francesco Grilli Electrical Engineering Department Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro20550-900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Electrical Engineering Department Universidade Federal FluminenseNiterói24210-240Rio de JaneiroBrazil Electrical Engineering Department Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro21941-909Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute for Technical Physics Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe76131Germany

The application of High‐Temperature Superconductor(HTS)coils made of coated conductors has been investigated for many years.A possible configuration for such coils is the jointless loop,also known as the ring *** double crossed loop coil(DCLC)has been successfully applied in superconducting magnetic bearings(SMBs).The design of SMBs with DCLCs requires flexible modelling to allow all parts of the device to be *** work proposes the T‐A formulation with a thin‐film approximation for modelling SMB with DCLCs in the finite element analysis framework.A 2D representation of the system is coupled with an external electric circuit to model the continuity of the lines that represent the parts of each jointless *** couple the T‐A formulation and the circuit,an average of the total electric field,with both resistive and inductive components,is applied to the *** total current computed by the circuit is applied to the T‐A *** proposed methodology was validated by comparison with levitation force experimental *** types of tests were simulated:five levitation force tests and three guidance force *** is shown that there is a limit to the behaviour of the levitation force related to the high‐loss *** this limit,the stack of DCLCs behaves as an equivalent *** this limit,a high‐loss state appears as a linear growth of the levitation *** is also shown that this high‐loss state in vertical displacement influences the lateral force.

关键词： Coated conductors Jointless loops T‐A formulation

A Numerical Study on Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting by Combining Transverse Galloping and Parametric Instability Phenomena

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2017年第4期16卷 465-472页

作者： guilherme Rosa Franzini Rebeca Caramêz Saraiva santos Celso Pupo Pesce Escola PolitEnica University of SAO Paulo SAO Paulo SP 05508-030 Brazil

This paper aims to numerically investigate the effects of parametric instability on piezoelectric energy harvesting from the transverse galloping of a square prism. A two degrees-of-freedom reduced-order model for this problem is proposed and numerically integrated. A usual quasi-steady galloping model is applied, where the transverse force coefficient is adopted as a cubic polynomial function with respect to the angle of attack. Time-histories of nondimensional prism displacement, electric voltage and power dissipated at both the dashpot and the electrical resistance are obtained as functions of the reduced velocity. Both, oscillation amplitude and electric voltage, increased with the reduced velocity for all parametric excitation conditions tested. For low values of reduced velocity, 2:1 parametric excitation enhances the electric voltage. On the other hand, for higher reduced velocities, a 1:1 parametric excitation(i.e., the same as the natural frequency) enhances both oscillation amplitude and electric voltage. It has been also found that, depending on the parametric excitation frequency, the harvested electrical power can be amplified in 70% when compared to the case under no parametric excitation.

关键词： transverse galloping energy harvesting piezoelectricity parametric instability numerical simulations

Vehicle Operating, Accident and User Time Costs in Pavement Management Systems： Approach for Portuguese Conditions

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2011年第8期5卷 723-731页

作者： Bertha Maria Batista.dos santos Luis guilherme de Picado santos Victor Manuel Pissarra Cavaleiro Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Beira Interior Covilha 6200-001 Portugal Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture IST Technical University of Lisbon Lisbon 1049-001 Portugal

This paper presents a description and analysis of the most important models to predict each of the Road User Costs components （Vehicle Operating Costs, Accident Costs and Value of Time） and proposes a model for estimating RUC components suitable for the Portuguese road network. These results are part of a research which aimed to obtain a Road User Cost Model to be used as a tool in road management systems. This model is different from other models by the fact that it includes a simple formulation that allows calibration and calculation of cost parameters, for any year, in a simple and fast way, providing trustworthy results. The required data is already available in Portuguese institutions, allowing periodic revision of cost parameters to insure accuracy.

关键词： Costs pavement management systems time traffic accidents vehicle operations.

PED Flex with Shield Technology:a feasible alternative for fusiform MCA aneurysms

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第3期3卷 185-188页

作者： guilherme J.Agnoletto Pedro Aguilar-Salinas Roberta santos Eric Sauvageau Ricardo A.Hanel Lyerly Neurosurgery Baptist Neurological InstituteJacksonvilleFLUSA

BACKGROUND The advent of flow diverters(FDs)has changed the scope of endovascular treatment options for intracranial aneurysms(IAs).FDs can effectively treat complex aneurysms in which both microsurgical and conventional endovascular options are less than ideal.12 The Pipeline Flex Embolization Device(PED;Medtronic,Irvine,California,USA)has been available in the USA for several years demon-strating positive *** recently,the PED Flex with enhanced delivery features has been introduced,and although decreased,thromboembolic complications are still a potential risk.3 In light of this,a new surface modification was applied to the PED Flex known as Shield Technology consisting of a phosphorylcholine layer covalently bound to its metal braids potentially reducing its thrombogenicity.4 Herein,we report our initial experience using the PED Flex with Shield Technology in the treatment of an unruptured fusiform aneurysm located in the middle cerebral artery(MCA)using dual-an-tiplatelet therapy.

关键词： Flex PED MCA treatment

A review of superconducting fault current limiters compared with other proven technologies

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Superconductivity 2022年第3期3卷 55-72页

作者： guilherme Gonçalves Sotelo Gabriel dos santos Felipe Sass Bruno Wanderley França Daniel Henrique Nogueira Dias Marcio Zamboti Fortes Alexander Polasek Rubens de Andrade Jr. Fluminense Federal University(UFF) Electrical Engineering DepartmentNiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Electrical Energy Research Center(CEPEL) Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Rio de Janeiro Federal University(UFRJ) Electrical Engineering DepartmentRio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil

Several substations in operation were commissioned decades *** substations are overstressed,then their protection equipment cannot provide an effective safety condition to the *** the worst cases,short‐circuits can cause permanent damage to the system if the overcurrent is higher than the capacity of the installed *** are some possible solutions for those cases:replace all the equipment in the overstressed substation,build a new one in parallel or install a fault current limiter(FCL)*** an economic point of view,introducing FCLs in the power system is the best way to solve the described *** commercial solutions available are the pyrotechnic FCL,air coil reactor,neutral earthing resistor,and high impedance ***,these devices are limited and present several *** the’70s,there has been a search for reliable FCL devices that do not interfere in the regular operation of substations and could limit the fault currents to the protection system rated *** were so many FCL technologies proposed in the last *** proposed new devices may use superconducting technologies,power electronics,or *** paper reviews proven FCL technologies,focusing on full‐scale devices demonstrated in field and lab *** goal is to introduce the main FCL technologies in development and discuss didactically their operation principle,the built prototypes,the commercial units,whether they exist,and the main drawbacks for each technology presented.A final analysis of the level of maturity for each FCL technology is discussed using the TRL(Technology readiness level)scale in order to find technologies with more potential for mass *** three technologies closer to the full commercial application are:the Resistive Superconducting FCL,the Saturated Iron Core FCL,and the Series Reactor FCL.

关键词： Fault current limiter Short circuit Superconductor Power system protection