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Stem-leaf saponins of Panax notoginseng attenuate experimental Parkinson's disease progression in mice by inhibiting microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via P2Y2R/PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2025年第1期23卷 43-53页

作者： Hui Wu Chenyang Ni Yu Zhang Yingying Song Longchan liu Fei Huang Hailian shi Zhengtao Wang Xiaojun Wu Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines Institute of Chinese Materia Medica The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Stem-leaf saponins from Panax notoginseng(SLSP) comprise numerous PPD-type saponins with diverse pharmacological properties; however, their role in Parkinson's disease(PD),characterized by microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, remains unclear. This study evaluated the effects of SLSP on suppressing microglia-driven neuroinflammation in experimental PD models, including the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPTP)-induced mouse model and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. Our findings revealed that SLSP mitigated behavioral impairments and excessive microglial activation in models of PD, including MPTP-treated mice. Additionally, SLSP inhibited the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX2) and attenuated the phosphorylation of PI3K,protein kinase B(AKT), nuclear factor-κB(NFκB), and inhibitor of NFκB protein α(IκBα) both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, SLSP suppressed the production of inflammatory markers such as interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated BV-2cells. Notably, the P2Y2R agonist partially reversed the inhibitory effects of SLSP in LPStreated BV-2 cells. These results suggest that SLSP inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in experimental PD models, likely through the P2Y2R/PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathway. These novel findings indicate that SLSP may offer therapeutic potential for PD by attenuating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation.

关键词： Microglia NFκB Neuroinflammation P2Y2 receptor Stem-leaf saponins of Panax Notoginseng

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Fast Coordinated Power Control for Improving Inertial and Voltage Support Capability of Battery Energy Storage Systems

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 280-295页

作者： Zhen Gong Chengxi liu Filipe Faria Da Silva Yonghao gui Claus Leth Bak School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China Department of Energy Technology Aalborg University9220 AalborgDemark Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark

This paper proposes a fast coordinated power control method based on two augmented channels(AC)in battery energy storage system(BESS)to improve inertial and voltage support capability,i.e.,a frequency-reactive power channel(FRPC)and a voltage-real power channel(VRPC).For frequency control in the power distribution system with high resistance/inductance ratio,the coupling mechanism between rate of change of frequency(RoCoF)and required reactive power(RRP)of grids is analyzed,indicating RoCoF is proportional to ***,RoCoF is utilized in FRPC to generate reactive power for complementary inertial emulating ***,for voltage control,coupling characteristics between rate of change of voltage(RoCoV)and demanding real power(DRP)of grids is also studied,revealing RoCoV is proportional to ***,it can be adopted in VRPC to generate real power for complementary voltage ***,grid-voltage-modulated direct power control is selected as the inner power control loop to track power references with faster dynamic performance compared with traditional vector-oriented ***,simulations and hardware-in-loop experiments validate improvement in performance of grid frequency and voltage control based on the proposed method.

关键词： Augmented channels direct power control frequency-reactive power channel(FRPC) inertial and voltage support voltage-real power channel(VRPC)

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A matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel system controls angiogenic peptide release for repair of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 503-517页

作者： Qi liu Jianye Xie Runxue Zhou Jin Deng Weihong Nie Shuwei Sun Haiping Wang Chunying shi Department of Human Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of General Practice The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic ***,conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug,leading to transient retention(inefficacy)and undesirable diffusion(toxicity)in ***,a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic *** metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is gradually upregulated after cerebral ***,vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG(TIMP)and customizable peptide amphiphilic(PA)molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel ***-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in *** results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival,restored local blood circulation,reduced blood-brain barrier permeability,and restored motor *** findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： angiogenesis biomaterial blood-brain barrier cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury control release drug delivery inflammation QK peptides matrix metalloproteinase-2 neuroprotection self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel

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Intermetallic compounds for nitrogen electrochemistry

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Green Energy & Environment 2025年第2期10卷 268-291页

作者： Haohong Wei Cheng Tang Yanyun Wang Yongcheng Feng Huancong shi Mingjin Cui Huakun liu shixue Dou Laiquan Li Institute of Energy Materials Science School of Energy and Power EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Tsinghua Center for Green Chemical Engineering Electrification(CCEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Grid New Energy Cloud Carbon Neutralization Innovation Center State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.LtdHuzhou Power Supply CompanyZhejiang313000China Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute.Shanghai 201108China

Electrochemical nitrogen transformation techniques represent a burgeoning avenue for nitrogen pollutant remediation and synthesizing valuable nitrogenous products from atmospheric *** compounds(IMCs)nanocrystals,featured with unique geometric,electronic and functional properties,have emerged as promising *** review discusses various synthesis approaches for IMCs,including thermal annealing,wet chemical synthesis,electrochemical synthesis,and other emerging methods,analyzing their advantages and *** we summarized the recent advances of IMCs in electrocatalytic nitrogen transformation reactions,such as nitrate reduction reaction,nitric oxide reduction reaction,nitrogen reduction reaction,and hydrazine oxidation *** significant progress,challenges remain in the field,particularly in adopting more refined strategies to improve catalyst performance and *** review aims to comprehensively understand the structural properties of IMCs and their structure-performance relationship,guiding the development of more efficient and stable catalysts for future nitrogen electrochemistry.

关键词： Intermetallic compounds Electrocatalysis Nitrogen transformation reactions Synthesis methods Catalyst design

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Multi-Method Comprehensive Investigation and Evaluation on the Effect of in-situ Engineering Disposal of Contaminated Mine Water

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 75-84页

作者： DING Guantao LU Jie shi Xinyu WANG Faming MA Yongyue liu Yuxiang WEI Shanming WANG Yu GUO Xiujun Key Laboratory of Shandong Provincial for Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral ResourcesJinan 250014China Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater Jinan 250014China Zhangqiu Branch of Jinan Ecological Environment Bureau Jinan 250200China Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center Ministry of Ecology and Environment Beijing 100012China

Mine water pollution caused by improper discharge of industrial wastewater,waste liquid and waste residue into minedout areas is a new form of pollution occurred in China in recent *** kind of pollution is buried deeply,and it is difficult to control,dispose and *** contaminated mine water from abandoned mining areas may even enter the ocean,posing a great threat to marine *** this study,using a water pollution incident occurred in a coal field at a depth of 80 m in Shandong Province,China,in 2015,as an example,the methods of engineering block disposal and groundwater remediation are reported,and the remediation effects are tested and evaluated by in-situ chemical detection and geophysical *** test results showed that engineering blocking measures such as cut-off walls can obviously block the DNAPL diffusion process in mine water,but the blocking effect on organic pollutants dissolved in water was *** can slow down the diffusion process of organic *** presence of mining tunnels and mined-out areas in the contaminated zone enhances the diffusion speed of various pollutants,especially during the remediation process when pollutants rapidly spread throughout the entire contaminated *** circulation extraction and oxidation methods have a significant degradation effect on pollutants like dichloromethane,but they may generate a large amount of secondary gaseous *** gaseous pollutants may migrate to the shallow subsurface through structures such as faults,leading to secondary subsurface *** designing remediation plans,it is crucial to strike a balance between blocking and guiding in the context of both blocking and restoration projects for achieving effective remediation.

关键词： deep stratum goaf organic pollution of groundwater engineering disposal effect evaluation

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Atomically Dispersed Metal Atoms:Minimizing Interfacial Charge Transport Barrier for Efficient Carbon-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 604-616页

作者： Yanying shi Xusheng Cheng Yudi Wang Wenrui Li Wenzhe Shang Wei liu Wei Lu Jiashuo Cheng Lida liu Yantao shi State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsSchool of ChemistryDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China School of Narcotics Control and Public Order Studies Criminal Investigation PoliceUniversity of ChinaShenyang 110854People’s Republic of China

Carbon-based perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)exhibit notable stability and ***,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)is significantly hindered by energy level mismatches,which result in interfacial charge transport barriers at the electrode-related ***,we report a back electrode that utilizes atomically dispersed metallic cobalt(Co)in carbon nanosheets(Co_1/CN)to adjust the interfacial energy *** electrons in the d-orbitals of Co atoms disrupt the electronic symmetry of the carbon nanosheets(CN),inducing a redistribution of the electronic density of states that leads to a downward shift in the Fermi level and a significantly reduced interfacial energy *** a result,the C-PSCs using Co1/CN as back electrodes achieve a notable PCE of 22.61%with exceptional long-term stability,maintaining 94.4%of their initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous illumination without *** work provides a promising universal method to regulate the energy level of carbon electrodes for C-PSCs and paves the way for more efficient,stable,and scalable solar technologies toward commercialization.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Carbon electrode Charge transport Energy level alignment

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阜阳市集中式地下水饮用水源地水化学特征及成因分析

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环境科学 2025年第2期46卷 796-808页

作者：苏贵芬刘桂建刘玥林深安徽省地质环境监测总站合肥230001 中国科学技术大学合肥230026 中国环境科学研究院北京100012 安徽省地勘局第一水文工程地质勘查院蚌埠233000

地下水是阜阳市重要饮用水源,其水化学特征关系到居民饮水健康安全.为研究阜阳地区集中式地下水饮用水源地的水化学特征及成因机制,采集了阜阳市地下饮用水源地地下水样84组,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、相关性分析、离子比例... 详细信息

地下水是阜阳市重要饮用水源,其水化学特征关系到居民饮水健康安全.为研究阜阳地区集中式地下水饮用水源地的水化学特征及成因机制,采集了阜阳市地下饮用水源地地下水样84组,运用数理统计、Piper三线图、Gibbs图、相关性分析、离子比例系数和因子分析等方法,揭示了该区地下水水化学特征、水化学组分形成机制及控制因素.结果表明,阜阳市集中式地下水饮用水源地水体为中性偏碱性水、高矿化度水,水化学类型为HCO_(3)-Na型;地下水离子特征受“岩石风化”和“蒸发作用”双重影响,其中“岩石风化”更为明显,地下水离子组成会受到外因作用发生改变;地下水中Na^(+)-Cl^(-)、F^(-)-B^(3+)、Ca^(2+)-Mg^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)-Cl^(-)和Na^(+)-SO_(4)^(2-)离子来源相同,Ca^(2+)-Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)-HCO_(3)^(-)和Mg^(2+)-HCO_(3)^(-)的离子来源不同,Ca^(2+)-SO_(4)^(2-)呈弱相关,不能大量共存;地下水组分主要受到含水层岩石矿物溶滤作用、阳离子交替吸附作用,地下水中Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)主要来源于方解石的溶解,Na^(+)来源于钠长石等含钠矿物岩石的风化溶解,含钠矿物的Na^(+)与地下水中的Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)发生交换反应,使Na^(+)浓度增加并在地下水中富集,而Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)浓度降低;地下水超采、工农业生产以及生活污水等会对地下水质量造成影响.

关键词：集中式地下水饮用水源地水化学特征水化学形成作用成因机制控制因素

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Double[5]carbohelicene:facile synthesis,chiroptical properties,isomerization study,and lasing application

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 233-240页

作者： Peipei liu Yantong Li Meng-Xiang Wu Hao Kang Xiao-Li Zhao Lin Xu Linlin liu Xiaodong Li Junfeng Fang Zhiwei Fang Ya Cheng Hai-Bo Yang Huakang Yu Xueliang shi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Molecular&Process Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical ProcessesSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Physics and Electronic Science Engineering Research Center of Nanophotonics&Advanced InstrumentMinistry of EducationEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy School of Physics and Electronic ScienceEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials&Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials&DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Double carbohelicenes have attracted considerable attention due to their aesthetic structures,distinctπ-conjugation extension,inherent chirality,and intriguing optical and electronic ***,the concise de novo synthesis of a new double[5]carbohelicene 1 together with its chiroptical properties,isomerization process and lasing application is presented.1 was synthesized by a simple protocol involving the formation of a 6,6′-bipentacene as the key *** is worth noting that1 existed as two diastereomers 1-PP/MM and 1-PM,which were successfully isolated and unambiguously confirmed by Xray *** optical resolution of the racemic 1-PP/MM was successfully achieved by chiral-phase highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and 1-PP and 1-MM were characterized by circular ***,it was found that 1-PP/MM could be completely isomerized to 1-PM upon heating,and the detailed thermodynamics and kinetics of the isomerization process were systematically investigated.1-PM exhibited deep-red luminescence with emission maximum at 723 nm and fluorescence quantum yield as high as 32.95%.Consequently,we can showcase the lasing application of 1-PM by doping with epoxy resin to assemble a bottle microlaser spontaneously,which the lasing wavelength is 796.6 nm at a threshold of 0.8 m J cm^(-2).We believe that our studies,including the facile synthesis methodology,detailed isomerization studies,and lasing application,will shed some light on the design and synthesis of novel carbohelical systems with more functions.

关键词： double carbohelicene optical resolution organic laser isomerization X-ray diffraction

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Cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine protein functions with a partner to successively methylate tricyclic indole alkaloid for chuangxinmycin maturation and derivatization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 308-316页

作者： Sili Wang Jiancheng Huang Yanan Du Wei Huang Yufeng Xue Xiaokun Xu Guannan Zhong Yuanyuan shi Bin Hong Xiaoying Bian Wen liu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China National Health Commission(NHC)Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China

Cobalamin(Cbl)-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAM)proteins constitute the largest collection of the radical SAM superfamily that has hundreds of thousands of individual *** of these proteins are involved in the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important natural products to catalyze chemically demanding *** the biosynthetic pathway of chuangxinmycin(CXM),a unique indole alkaloid antibiotic with potent anti-infective activity,functionalization of the characteristic thiopyrano[4,3,2-cd]indole scaffold by regio-and stereoselective C3-methylation is believed to rely on a Cbl-dependent radical process,which,however,remained to be reconstituted *** here report the dissection of this enzymatic process,which requires the incorporation of Cxm8,a Cbl-dependent radical SAM protein,with Cxm9,a DUF5825family protein that shares no homology to any proteins of known ***8 and Cxm9 function together by forming an unexpected heterodimeric complex that selectively catalyzes C3-methylation of the tricyclic indole-S-hetero ring system in a successive manner,achieving CXM and a recently identified,C3-dimethylated *** biochemical characterization,isotope labeling,structural simulation and bioinformatics analysis rationalized the catalysis of the Cxm8/Cxm9 complex and particularly the necessity of the DUF5825 protein for C3-methylase *** is the first example that a Cbl-dependent protein acts with a partner to exhibit radical SAM activity.

关键词： cbl-dependent radical SAM protein biosynthesis chuangxinmycin stereoselective methylation

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Alteration mechanism and classification and mechanical properties of altered granite

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： DONG Jinyu shi Shang liu Handong REN Minghao LI Jianyong North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power College of Geosciences and Engineering， North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power

Altered rock， often encountered in major engineering projects， can seriously affect the stability of rocks and slopes surrounding deeply buried tunnels. This study addressed the alteration mechanism， alteration degree classification， and mechanical parameters of altered rock in engineering project areas using field testing， thin slice identification， X-ray diffraction， and major element testing. Results showed that the altered rock types in the areas of the Pingjiang Pumped Storage Power Station (Hunan Province) and a diversion tunnel in northern Xinjiang include biotite granodiorite， biotite monzogranite， and cataclastic granite， and that the main alteration mechanisms are chloritization of biotite and clayization of feldspar minerals. The altered rocks were classified as slightly， moderately， or strongly altered according to their apparent characteristics， rebound value， longitudinal wave velocity， metamorphic mineral content， and porosity. The bulk density， elastic modulus， cohesion， and internal friction angle (Poisson’s ratio) of the altered rocks decreased (increased) with increase in the degree of alteration. Numerical simulations showed that in altered rock slope areas， the zone of strong rock alteration and the moderate–strong alteration contact zone exhibit locally large deformations that represent certain hazard to engineering projects. These results provide valuable guidance and support for major projects in altered rock areas.

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