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The response and anti-stress mechanisms of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to Cd Se quantum dots

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 174-184页

作者： Linkai Guo Lei Yang Yongxiang Ren shen Cui Xiaotong Li Jia Wang jun Lan Haoqi Lu Yuchao Wang Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMinistry of EducationXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China

The wide application of CdSe quantum dots(QDs)increases its stress risk to sewage treatment *** study evaluated the response of nitrification performance,floc characteristics and microbial community of nitrifying sludge under long-term exposure to CdSe *** showed CdSe QDs(≥1 mg/L)would decrease the activity of ammonia monooxygenase(AMO).Under the stress of 30 mg/L CdSe QDs,the activity of AMO was reduced by 66%,while the activities of hydroxylamine oxidase and nitrite oxidoreductase were enhanced by 19.1%and 26%,***,the final nitrification effects were not adversely affected,and the production rates of NO_(2)^(-)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N were ***,CdSe QDs improved biomass concentration in sludge and maintained the stability of sludge *** throughput sequencing analysis showed that CdSe QDs evidently reduced the abundance and diversity of microbial community in nitrifying *** abundances of amino acid metabolism and lipid metabolism were ***,CdSe QDs decreased the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan-like protein from 2,326 to 1,179 *** loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances(EPSs)and from 3,792 to 3,117 *** tightly bound *** relieve CdSe QD stress,the polysaccharide content increased from0.31 to 0.61 mg/g MLSS and intracellular antioxidant defense was *** CdSe QD level increasing to 30 mg/L,the total antioxygenic capacity and the activities of catalase were enhanced up to 411%and 143.2%,***,CdSe QDs had little adverse effects on cell membrane integrity,microbial metabolism and the abundance of Nitrospirae.

关键词： Quantum dots Activated sludge Extracellular polymeric substances Microbial community Antioxidant effect

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Effect of cis/trans molecular structures on pyrolysis performance and heat sink of decalin isomers

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 51-60页

作者： Qing Liu Kang Xue Tinghao Jia Zhouyang shen Zehao Han Lun Pan Ji-jun Zou Xiangwen Zhang Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University Ningbo 315201China

Decalin is considered as an important compound of high-energy-density endothermic fuel,which is an ideal on-board coolant for thermal management of advanced ***,decalin contains two isomers with a tunable composition,and their effects on the pyrolysis performance,such as the heat sink and coking tendency have not been ***,we investigated the pyrolysis of decalin isomers,i.e.,cis-decalin,trans-decalin and their mixtures(denoted as mix-decalin),in order to clarify the effects of the cis-/trans-structures on the pyrolysis performance of decalin *** pyrolysis results confirmed that conversion of the tested fuels(600–725℃,4 MPa)decreased in the order cis-decalin>mix-decalin>*** analyses of the pyrolysis products were used to compare the product distributions from cis-decalin,mix-decalin and trans-decalin,and the yields of some typical components(such as cyclohexene,1-methylcyclohexene,benzene and toluene)showed significant differences,which could be ascribed to deeper cracking of ***,the heat sinks and coking tendencies of the decalins decreased in the order cis-decalin>mix-decalin>*** work demonstrates the relationship between the cis/trans structures and the pyrolysis performance of decalin,which provides a better understanding of the structure-activity relationships of endothermic hydrocarbon fuels.

关键词： endothermic fuel decalin pyrolysis heat sink molecular structure

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Synergistic effect between Er-doped MoS_(2)nanosheets and interfacial Mo-N coupling phases for enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1301-1308页

作者： Nian-Peng Li Lei Zhang Hua Zhang Fan-Fei Min Lei Wang Sam Toan Xi-jun Liu guang-Zhi Hu State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines School of Materials Science and EngineeringAnhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232001China Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan316021China Department of Chemical Engineering University of Minnesota-DuluthDuluthMN55812USA School of Ecology and Environmental Science Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau LakesYunnan UniversityKunming650504China MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-Ferrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured MaterialsGuangxi UniversityNanning530004China

Hydrogen production via electrochemical water splitting is a promising and green *** one of the most representative transition metal sulfides layered materials,Molybdenum disulfide(MoS_(2))has immense potential for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).We successfully prepared a nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)in situ-grown erbium-doped MoS_(2)polyhedral structure(Er-MoS_(2)/NC)that incorporates an interfacial Mo-N coupling phase.

关键词： hydrogen interfacial coupling

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Physics of cavitation near particles

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 102-118页

作者： Jia-xin Yu Xiao-yu Wang jun-wei shen Jin-sen Hu Xiang-qing Zhang Da-qing He Yu-ning Zhang Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System(Ministry of Education) School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China

The combined effect of cavitation and silt abrasion presents a great challenge and threat to secure the operation and the efficiency of hydraulic machineries working in sediment-laden *** present paper critically reviews the current research progress on the interaction mechanisms of the bubbles and the ***,the analytical models including boundary treatment methods for predicting the jet dynamics of the bubble collapse near particles are ***,the bubble collapsing dynamics,jet dynamics and shock wave characteristics near particles are revealed both experimentally and ***,the bubble-particle-wall system is investigated with a focus on microjets.

关键词： Cavitation bubble particle jet shock wave

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Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of endoscopic band ligation in the treatment of bleeding from mild to moderate gastric varices type 1

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 440-449页

作者： Yue Deng Ya Jiang Tong Jiang Ling Chen Hai-jun Mou Bi-guang Tuo Guo-Qing Shi Department of Gastroenterology Digestive Disease HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Guizhou Hospital of the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuiyang 550000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology Yinjiang Autonomous County People’s HospitalTongren 554300Guizhou ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND According to practice guidelines,endoscopic band ligation(EBL)and endoscopic tissue adhesive injection(TAI)are recommended for treating bleeding from esophagogastric ***,EBL and TAI are known to cause serious complications,such as hemorrhage from dislodged ligature rings caused by EBL and hemorrhage from operation-related ulcers resulting from ***,the optimal therapy for mild to moderate type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage(GOV1)has not been ***,the aim of this study was to discover an individualized treatment for mild to moderate *** To compare the efficacy,safety and costs of EBL and TAI for the treatment of mild and moderate *** A clinical analysis of the data retrieved from patients with mild or moderate GOV1 gastric varices who were treated under endoscopy was also *** were allocated to an EBL group or an endoscopic TAI *** differences in the incidence of varicose relief,operative time,operation success rate,mortality rate within 6 wk,rebleeding rate,6-wk operation-related ulcer healing rate,complication rate and average operation cost were compared between the two groups of *** The total effective rate of the two treatments was similar,but the efficacy of EBL(66.7%)was markedly better than that of TAI(39.2%)(P<0.05).The operation success rate in both groups was 100%,and the 6-wk mortality rate in both groups was 0%.The average operative time(26 min)in the EBL group was significantly shorter than that in the TAI group(46 min)(P<0.01).The rate of delayed postoperative rebleeding in the EBL group was significantly lower than that in the TAI group(11.8%vs 45.1%)(P<0.01).At 6 wk after the operation,the healing rate of operation-related ulcers in the EBL group was 80.4%,which was significantly greater than that in the TAI group(35.3%)(P<0.01).The incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups was *** average cost and other related economic factors were g

关键词： Gastric varices Type 1 gastric variceal hemorrhage Endoscopic band ligation Tissue adhesive injection

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Will the 2022 compound heatwaveedrought extreme over the Yangtze River Basin become Grey Rhino in the future?

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 547-556页

作者： Ai-Qing FENG Qing-Chen CHAO Lu-Lu LIU Ge GAO Guo-Fu WANG Xue-jun ZHANG Qi-guang WANG China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038China China Meteorological Administration Training Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China

The increasingly frequent and severe regional-scale compound heatwave-drought extreme events(CHDEs),driven by global warming,present formidable challenges to ecosystems,residential livelihoods,and economic ***,uncertainty persists regarding the future trend of CHDEs and their insights into regional spatiotemporal *** integrating daily meteorological data from observations in 1961-2022 and global climate models(GCMs)based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways,the evolution patterns of CHDEs were compared and examined among three sub-catchments of the Yangtze River Basin,and the return periods of CHDE in 2050s and 210Os were *** findings indicate that the climate during the 2022 CHDE period was the warmest and driest recorded in 1961-2022,with precipitation less than 154.5 mm and a mean daily maximum temperature 3.4°C higher than the average of 1981-2010,whereas the char-acteristics in the sub-catchments exhibited temporal and spatial *** July-August 2022,the most notable feature of CHDE was its extremeness since 1961,with return periods of~200-year in upstream,80-year in midstream,and 40-year in downstream,*** 2050,the return periods witnessed 2022 CHDE would likely be reduced by *** towards 2100,under the highest emission scenario of SSP585,it was projected to substantially increase the frequency of CHDEs,with return periods reduced to one-third in the upstream and downstream,as well as halved in the *** findings provide valuable insights into the changing risks associated with forthcoming climate extremes,emphasizing the urgency of addressing these challenges in regional management and sustainable development.

关键词： Compound extreme event Joint return period Drought Heatwave Climate change Yangtze River Basin

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Emerging memristors and applications in reservoir computing

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 219-239页

作者： Hao Chen Xin-Gui Tang Zhihao shen Wen-Tao Guo Qi-jun Sun Zhenhua Tang Yan-Ping Jiang School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou Higher Education Mega CenterGuangzhou 510006China

Recently, with the emergence of ChatGPT, the field of artificial intelligence has garnered widespread attention from various sectors of society. Reservoir Computing (RC) is a neuromorphic computing algorithm used to analyze time-series data. Unlike traditional artificial neural networks that require the weight values of all nodes in the trained network, RC only needs to train the readout layer. This makes the training process faster and more efficient, and it has been used in various applications, including speech recognition, image classification, and control systems. Its flexibility and efficiency make it a popular choice for processing large amounts of complex data. A recent research trend is to develop physical RC, which utilizes the nonlinear dynamic and short-term memory properties of physical systems (photonic modules, spintronic devices, memristors, etc.) to construct a fixed random neural network structure for processing input data to reduce computing time and energy. In this paper, we introduced the recent development of memristors and demonstrated the remarkable data processing capability of RC systems based on memristors. Not only do they possess excellent data processing ability comparable to digital RC systems, but they also have lower energy consumption and greater robustness. Finally, we discussed the development prospects and challenges faced by memristors-based RC systems.

关键词： reservoir computing memristor resistive switching artificial synapse neuromorphic computing

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Fullerene-derived boron-doped defective nanocarbon for highly selective H_(2)O_(2) electrosynthesis

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1217-1224页

作者： Wangqiang shen Chang Zhang Muneerah Alomar Zhiling Du Zepeng Yang junjie Wang guangqing Xu Jian Zhang jun Lv Xing Lu School of Materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China School of Energy and Environmental Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Physics College of SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia

Electrochemical production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))via the two-electron(2e-)pathway of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)supplies an auspicious alternative to the current industrial anthraquinone ***,it still lacks efficient electrocatalysts to achieve high ORR activity together with 2e-selectivity ***,a boron-doped defective nanocarbon(B-DC)electrocatalyst is synthesized by using fullerene frameworks as the precursor and boric oxide as the boron *** obtained B-DC materials have a hierarchical porous structure,befitting boron dopants,and abundant topological pentagon defects,exhibiting a high ORR onset potential of 0.78 V and a dominated 2e-selectivity(over 95%).Remarkably,when B-DC electrocatalyst is employed in a real device,it achieves a high H_(2)O_(2) yield rate(247 mg·L^(-1)·h^(-1)),quantitative Faraday efficiency(~100%),and ultrafast organic pollutant degradation *** theoretical calculation reveals that the synergistic effect of topological pentagon defects and the incorporation of boron dopants promote the activation of the O_(2) molecule and facilitates the desorption of oxygen *** finding will be very helpful for the comprehension of the synergistic effect of topological defects and heteroatom dopants for boosting the electrocatalytic performance of nanocarbon toward H_(2)O_(2) production.

关键词： fullerene electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production oxygen reduction reaction carbon nanomaterials

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Tandem hydroalkylation and deoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolics to synthesize high-density fuels

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 104-109页

作者： Rui Yu Zhensheng shen Yanan Liu Chengxiang Shi juncong Qu Lun Pan Zhenfeng Huang Xiangwen Zhan g Ji-jun Zou Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Collaborative Innovative Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

Lignin is the most abundant naturally phenolic biomass,and the synthesis of high-performance renewable fuel from lignin has attracted significant *** propose the efficient synthesis of high-density fuels using simulated lignin cracked oil in tandem with hydroalkylation and deoxygenation ***,we investigated the reaction pathway for the hydroalkylation of phenol,which competes with the hydrodeoxygenation form *** then,we investigated the effects of metal catalyst types,the loading amount of metallic,acid dosage,and reactant ratio on the reaction *** phenol hydroalkylation and hydrodeoxygenation were balanced when 180℃ and 5 MPa H_(2)with the alkanes yield of 95%.By extending the substrate to other lignin-derived phenolics and simulated lignin cracked oil,we obtained the polycyclic alkane fuel with high density of 0.918 g·ml^(-1)and calorific value of41.2 MJ·L^(-1).Besides,the fuel has good low-temperature properties(viscosity of 9.3 mm^(2)·s^(-1)at 20℃ and freezing point below-55℃),which is expected to be used as jet *** work provides a promising way for the easy and green production of high-density fuel directly from real lignin oil.

关键词： High-density fuel Biofuel Hydrogenation Alkylation Lignin Phenolics

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Rapid lithium-ion insertion/extraction and migration behavior of Na2WO4-encapsulated lithium-rich layered oxide cathode

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3647-3660页

作者： Yu-shen Zhao Fan-Fan Wang Jian-Cang Wang Peng-Fei Wang Ting-Feng Yi jun-Hong Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLiaocheng University

Due to the low cost,high working voltage and high storage capacity,Li-rich Mn-based layered compounds show promise as the cathode materials for lithiumion batteries（LIBs）.However,the side reactions at the solid-liquid interface of the cathode will lead to rapid capacity decay and inferior rate ***,this article proposes a liquid-phase dispersion strategy to introduce a Na2WO4layer on the Li1.2Ni0.13-Co0.13Mn0.54O2cathode,which can reduce the side effects between raw materials and electrolyte and promote the insertion/extraction rate of Li+,thus enhancing the material stability and rate *** a result,the capacity retention rate is 96.9% after 200 cycles under ***,the capacities are 177.5,149.5,111.1 and58.3 mAh·g-1at 1C,2C,5C and 10C,implying a superior fast charging *** exceptional performance can be ascribed to both the increased conductivity and enhanced structural stability of the cathode ***'s more,based on the investigation of ion insertion/extraction behavior in electrode materials and the ion migration kinetics in the electrolyte,this study suggests that coating Li-rich Mn-based materials with Na2WO4can be a promising strategy to improve their performance in LIBs.

关键词： Li-ion battery Coating Rate performance Li 1.2 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 Mn 0.54 O 2 Reaction kinetics

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