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Effects of biological soil crusts and drought on emergence and survival of a Patagonian perennial grass in the Monte of Argentina

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第6期6卷 735-741页

作者： Flavia Alejra FUNK Alejro LOYDI guadalupe peter Center for Renewable Natural Resources of the Semi-arid Zone National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET)Bahía Blanca 8000Argentina Río Negro National University Viedma 8500Argentina

Biological soil crusts are widely distributed in arid and semiarid regions. They have an important eco- logical role, especially by modifying physical and chemical properties of soils. Biological crusts may also modify seed germination and seedling establishment. The effects vary widely according to the type of crust and the vas- cular plant species. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of moss-dominated biological soil crusts on the emergence, biomass and survival of Poa ligularis Nees ex Steud. under different irrigation regimes. We col- lected seeds of P. ligularis and biological soil crusts composed of two species of mosses： Syntrichia princeps （De Not.） Mitt and Ceratodon purpureus （Hedw.） Brid. from an area in the Monte of Argentina. The result showed that seedling emergence of P. ligularis was higher in treatments with bare soil than in soil covered by crusts, and also in those with watering to field capacity. Mean emergence time was higher in treatments with bare soil and watering to field capacity. Seedling biomass also showed significant differences between treatments. These results suggest that biological soil crusts dominated by mosses do not promote P. ligularis emergence, although they would not affect its survival.

关键词： drought field capacity recruitment microsites mosses semiarid region Poa ligularis

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Rehabilitation of Semi-Arid Grasslands through the Perennialization of Lots by Implementing Perennial Forage Exotic Grass

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第8期93卷 2115-2125页

作者： Delfina Arancio Sidoti Juan Manuel Zeberio guadalupe peter Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCEANPaViedma8500Argentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas CONICETCABABuenos Aires1425Argentina Chacra Experimental Patagones Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario de la Provincia de Buenos AiresCarmen de Patagones8504Argentina

Argentina is the country with the highest proportion of arid and semi-arid ecosystems in Latin *** the rangelands of Southwestern Buenos Aires(Patagones Department),there is a clear advancement of the agricultural frontier to the detriment of the native forest in this *** to rainfall variation and seed acquisition,Thinopyrum ponticum is cultivated as a forage perennial crop in this *** objective was to evaluate the performance of *** as a facilitating crop for the medium-term rehabilitation of natural grasslands in semi-arid *** working hypotheses were that:1)native perennial grass cover increases over the years and 2)diversity and specific richness of the vegetation are enhanced by the duration of Tall Wheatgrass *** were collected from commercial plots where *** was shown:recent implantation(5–8 years,RI);medium implantation(13–15 years,MI);and old implantation(20–22 years,OI).Thirty-four species were identified and classified into seven functional groups:Annual grasses,annual herbs,perennial herbs,exotic perennial herbs,perennial forage grasses,exotic perennial forage grasses,perennial forage exotic grasses,and nonforage perennial *** ponticum’s total cover was between RI and *** cover,species richness,and Shannon-Weaver diversity index showed no differences among *** forage grasses exhibited higher cover values in sites with greater implantation age and annual grasses showed the opposite *** results indicated that *** does not invade the sampled plots and enhances the colonization of the planted plots by perennial forage native ***,even though the herbaceous cover had been recovered,the woody layer which could provide environmental services and specific values for conservation was not.

关键词： Wheatgrass clearing vegetation monte Thinopyrum ponticum

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Seed rain and soil seed bank compensatory roles on Nassella tenuis(Phil.)Barkworth seedling recruitment in ungrazed and grazed sites

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第5期14卷 550-560页

作者： Cintia Vanesa LEDER Dianela Alejandra CALVO guadalupe peter Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCentro de Estudios Ambientales desde la NorPatagonia(Center of Environmental Studies from North Patagonia(CEANPa)National University of Río Negro)Viedma 8504Argentina Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Sede AtlánticaCentro de Estudios Ambientales desde la NorPatagonia-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONICET)(Center of Environmental Studies from North Patagonia(CEANPa)National University of Río Negro)Viedma 8504Argentina

In semi-arid lands,vegetation is distributed in shrub patches immersed in a less vegetated interpatch *** affects perennial grass seed bank through a decrease in seed rain and an increase in seed predation and soil ***,some species with anchorage mechanisms in their seeds might overcome this,such as Nassella tenuis(Phil.)*** is an important species in grazing paddocks because it has an intermediate palatability and its relatively tolerant to *** characteristics allow *** to increase its abundance in grazed *** objective was to assess how grazing affects the key palatable species from seeds to seedlings:i.e.,seed rain,soil seed bank,and seedling recruitment in different microsites along a windward-leeward transect across shrub *** hypothesized that:(1)the negative effects of grazing on *** fructification are reflected in its seed rain,soil seed bank,and seedling recruitment,especially in interpatches;(2)Nassella tenuis seed rain reduction,soil compaction by cattle in grazed sites,and removal of seeds by wind decrease its soil seed bank,especially in microsites exposed to the predominant wind;and(3)the decrease in *** soil seed bank and cover increase in annual species in grazed sites have negative effects on its seedling recruitment,especially in microsites exposed to predominant *** placed seed traps,collected soil samples,and monitored seedling recruitment in different locations around shrub canopy to address our ***,we established a manipulative experiment in which we sow *** seeds and followed its recruitment in different *** compared the seed rain,soil seed bank,natural seedling recruitment,and sown seeds recruitment of *** between grazed and ungrazed *** analyzed differences between microsites along a windward-leeward transect across shrubs *** rain and soil seed bank had the same density in patches and interpatches both in ungrazed a

关键词： seed rain soil seed bank seedling recruitment microsites grazing

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