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A novel method for clustering cellular data to improve classification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2697-2705页

作者： Diek w.wheeler Giorgio A.Ascoli Center for Neural Informatics Structures&PlasticityKrasnow Institute for Advanced Study Bioengineering Department Volgenau School of Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVAUSA

Many fields,such as neuroscience,are experiencing the vast prolife ration of cellular data,underscoring the need fo r organizing and interpreting large datasets.A popular approach partitions data into manageable subsets via hierarchical clustering,but objective methods to determine the appropriate classification granularity are *** recently introduced a technique to systematically identify when to stop subdividing clusters based on the fundamental principle that cells must differ more between than within *** we present the corresponding protocol to classify cellular datasets by combining datadriven unsupervised hierarchical clustering with statistical *** general-purpose functions are applicable to any cellular dataset that can be organized as two-dimensional matrices of numerical values,including molecula r,physiological,and anatomical *** demonstrate the protocol using cellular data from the Janelia MouseLight project to chara cterize morphological aspects of neurons.

关键词： cellular data clustering dendrogram data classification Levene's one-tailed statistical test unsupervised hierarchical clustering

Glia-to-neuron reprogramming to the rescue?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1395-1396页

作者： Jack w.Hickmott Cindi M.Morshead Department of Surgery University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research TorontoONCanada Institute of Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada The KITE Research Institute Toronto Rehabilitation InstituteUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada

Over the last two decades,the dogma that cell fate is immutable has been increasingly challenged,with important implications for regenerative *** brea kth rough discovery that induced pluripotent stem cells could be generated from adult mouse fibroblasts is powerful proof that cell fate can be *** exciting extension of the discovery of cell fate impermanence is the direct cellular reprogram ming hypothesis-that terminally differentiated cells can be reprogrammed into other adult cell fates without first passing through a stem cell state.

关键词： programming passing proof

How rotational speed of planetary ball mill and polymer load influence the performance and water vapor sorption in solid dispersions composed of tadalafil and soluplus

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Particuology 2023年第2期73卷 37-46页

作者： Karol Kubat Anna Krupa witold Brniak Agnieszka w.grzyn Dorota Majda Agata Bogdał Hubert Harańczyk Department of Medical Physics Faculty of PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics Faculty of PharmacyCollegium MedicumJagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland Faculty of Chemistry Jagiellonian UniversityCracowPoland

The presence of residual water may deteriorate the performance of amorphous solid dispersions prepared by ball milling,affecting molecular mobility,crystallinity,particle size and finally,the drug dissolution *** the stability of these metastable systems depend on both formulation and process variables,the aim of this study was to assess for the first time,the impact that the polymer load and the rotational speed applied upon high energy ball milling could have on the performance of binary co-milled solid dispersions composed of tadalafil(a hydrophobic crystalline drug)and Soluplus(an amphiphilic,hygroscopic amorphous polymer).Each of these variables was tested at three *** electron microscopy,laser diffraction and X-ray powder diffraction were used to analyze morphology,particle size distribution and crystallinity of ball milled formulations *** studies were also carried *** tools of applied physics,namely solid state 1H NMR and relaxometry were used to assess the structure and water mobility upon gaseous phase hydration on *** was shown that both tested variables determined the particle size of the *** the rotational speed of 400 rpm was used,all solid dispersion were XRD-amorphous,but to ensure the immediate release of tadalafil its micellar solubilization in Soluplus was *** the formulation was exposed to water vapor,the hydration level increased with an increasing polymer load as ***,the rotational speed governed the space available for the adsorption of water molecules and their organization in a monolayer or *** behavior may have impact on the kinetics of the amorphous drug recrystallization,and finally deteriorate its dissolution.

关键词： Tadalafil Soluplus Solid dispersion Relaxation time Milling NMR

Chinese Economy at the Era of Globalization

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学术界 2019年第7期 185-195页

作者： grzegorz w.Ko?odko Kozminski University

Two centuries ago,Asia delivered over 60 percent of world production;in the middle of the 20th century it was less than 20 ***,it is twice as large and this share is still increasing,above all but not only,because of China whose production is still growing at a rate twice as fast as the world *** is trying to maintain high economic dynamics,inter alia,through investment external *** aim is to be served,among others,by the infrastructure project,drawn up with enormous verve,known as the New Silk Road,which the Middle Kingdom addresses to 65 countries on three *** some hope for accelerating their own economic growth,others warn against the risk of becoming dependent on *** article analyzes these challenges,pointing to the desired directions of irreversible evolution globalization by giving it a more inclusive character,which is also strongly emphasized by the Chinese authorities in their official enunciations.

关键词： Belt and Road Initiative China New Silk Road globalizaiton inclusive Asia

Sex and age-specific differences in wing pointedness and wing length in blackcaps Sylvia atricapilla migrating through the southern Baltic coast

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 271-277页

作者： Agnieszka Ozarowska grzegorz Zaniewicz wtodzimierz Meissner Department of Vertebrate Ecology and Zoology Avian Ecophysiology UnitUniversity of GdanskGdansk80-308Poland Bird Migration Research Station University of GdanskGdansk80-308Poland

The blackcap Sylvia atricapilla shows a complex migratory pattern and is a suitable species for the studies of morphological migratory syndrome,including adaptations of wing shape to different migratory *** migrants of this species that breed in northern,central,and Eastern Europe differ by migration distance and some cover shorter distance to the wintering grounds in the southern part of Europe/North Africa or the British Isles,although others migrate to sub-Saharan *** on>40years of ringing data on blackcaps captured during autumn migration in the Southern Baltic region,we studied age-and sex-related correlations in wing pointedness and wing length of obligate blackcap migrants to understand the differences in migratory behavior of this *** though the recoveries of blackcaps were scarce,we reported some evidence that individuals which differ in migration distance differed also in wing *** found that wing pointedness significantly increased with an increasing wing length of migrating birds,and adults had longer and more pointed wings than juvenile *** indicates stronger antipredator adaptation in juvenile blackcaps than selection on flight efficiency,which is particularly important during ***,we documented more pronounced differences in wing length between adult and juvenile males and *** differences in wing length may enhance a faster speed of adult male blackcaps along the spring migration route and may be adaptive when taking into account climatic effects,which favor earlier arrival from migration to the breeding grounds.

关键词： blackcap migration population wing shape

Dynamic modeling of a three-dimensional braided composite thin plate considering braiding directions

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 123-138页

作者： Chentong GAO Huiyu SUN Jianping GU w.M.HUANG College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Application Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Institute of Technology

Currently, there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions, despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D) braided composites into rotating blade components. In this paper, a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established. Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions, the displacement variables of the plate are expressed. By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites, the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained. The effects of the speeds, braiding directions, and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion, respectively, are investigated. This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions. It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.

关键词： Constitutive equations

FTIR analysis and monitoring of used synthetic oils operated under similar driving conditions

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 995-1006页

作者： Artur wOLAK wojciech KRASODOMSKI grzegorz ZAJAC Department of Quality and Safety of Industrial Products Institute of Quality and Product Management SciencesCracow University of EconomicsKraków 30-033Poland Department of of Petroleum Analyses Oil and Gas Institute—National Research InstituteKraków 31-503Poland Department of Power Engineering and Transportation Faculty of Production EngineeringUniversity of Life Sciences in LublinLublin 20-612Poland

The processes of degradation of engine oils operated in passenger cars of a uniform fleet of 25 vehicles were analyzed for oxidation content using infrared (IR) spectroscopy. As part of the experiment, the changes in engine oils occurring during actual operation (under conditions which can be described as "harsh", i.e., short distance driving, frequent starting of the engine, and extended engine idling) have been observed. An evaluation of the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of an engine oil sample was presented. The infrared spectra of both fresh and used oils were recorded with the Thermo Nicolett IS5. The tests were conducted according to the Appendix A2 of ASTM 2412. For the used engine oil differentiation process, FTIR spectra were analyzed in the regions of 1,700–2,000 cm-1 and 3,600–3,700 cm-1. The FTIR spectrometry is demonstrated to be effective for the analysis and monitoring of processes of oxidation and shown to provide rapid and accurate information relating to the aging process of engine oils. The results may facilitate decision-making regarding the service life of engine oils. The achieved dependencies can make it possible to upgrade the sensor assembly consisting of an FTIR source.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) reliability modelling oil condition monitoring oil oxidation oil change interval

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived therapies for regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3063-3075页

作者： Stephen Vidman Yee Hang Ethan Ma Nolan Fullenkamp Giles w.Plant Department of Neuroscience Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

In recent years,the progression of stem cell therapies has shown great promise in advancing the nascent field of regenerative *** the non-regenerative nature of the mature central nervous system,the concept that“blank”cells could be reprogrammed and functionally integrated into host neural networks remained *** work has also demonstrated the ability of such cells to stimulate intrinsic growth programs in post-mitotic cells,such as *** embryonic stem cells demonstrated great potential in treating central nervous system pathologies,ethical and technical concerns *** barriers,along with the clear necessity for this type of treatment,ultimately prompted the advent of induced pluripotent stem *** advantage of pluripotent cells in central nervous system regeneration is multifaceted,permitting differentiation into neural stem cells,neural progenitor cells,glia,and various neuronal *** precise spatiotemporal application of extrinsic growth factors in vitro,in addition to microenvironmental signaling in vivo,influences the efficiency of this directed *** the pluri-or multipotency of these cells is appealing,it also poses the risk of unregulated differentiation and teratoma *** of the neuroectodermal lineage,such as neuronal subpopulations and glia,have been explored with varying degrees of *** the risk of cancer or teratoma formation is greatly reduced,each subpopulation varies in effectiveness and is influenced by a myriad of factors,such as the timing of the transplant,pathology type,and the ratio of accompanying progenitor ***,successful transplantation requires innovative approaches to develop delivery vectors that can mitigate cell death and support ***,host immune responses to allogeneic grafts must be thoroughly characterized and further developed to reduce the need for *** to a clinical setting wi

关键词： axon regeneration central nervous system regeneration induced pluripotent stem cells neurotrauma regenerative medicine spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Increase in efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by porous TiO_2 layer modification with gadolinium-containing thin layer

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Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第8期29卷 783-786页

作者： Maciej Zalas Mariusz walkowiak grzegorz Schroeder Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals Branch in Poznań Central Laboratory of Batteries and Cells

Modified with gadolinium-containing layer, nanoporous titania electrode and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells were reported. The electrode prepared was characterized with UV-Vis and X-ray diffraction （XRD） techniques. The amount of gadolinium was measured with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry （ICP-OES） experiments. The modified electrode showed reduced N3 dye adsorption ability, but increased light conversion efficiency in comparison with the non-modified electrode. The overall conversion efficiencies, determined under 400 w/m2 irradiation with tungsten-halogen lamp at room temperature, were 0.55% for non-modified and 0.74% for modified electrodes.

关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell surface modification of TiO2 Gd-doped TiO2 rare earths