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Coherent-interface-induced strain in large lattice-mismatched materials:A new approach for modeling Raman shift

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2405-2412页

作者： Andrian V.Kuchuk Fernando Mde Oliveira Pijush K.Ghosh Yuriy I.Mazur Hryhorii V.Stanchu Marcio D.Teodoro Morgan E.Ware gregory J.Salamo Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565-905Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Strain engineering as one of the most powerful techniques for tuning optical and electronic properties of III-nitrides requires reliable methods for strain *** this work,we reveal,that the linear model based on the experimental data limited to within a small range of biaxial strains(dely used for the non-destructive Raman study of strain with nanometer-scale spatial resolution is not valid for the binary wurtzite-structure group-III nitrides GaN and ***,we found that the discrepancy between the experimental values of strain and those calculated via Raman spectroscopy increases as the strain in both GaN and AlN ***,a new model has been developed to describe the strain-induced Raman frequency shift in GaN and AlN for a wide range of biaxial strains(up to 2.5%).Finally,we proposed a new approach to correlate the Raman frequency shift and strain,which is based on the lattice coherency in the epitaxial layers of superlattice structures and can be used for a wide range of materials.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy strain lattice coherency III-nitrides high-resolution X-ray diffraction(HRXRD)

Analysis of the effects of donor and recipient hepatitis C infection on kidney transplant outcomes in the United States

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第2期13卷 44-57页

作者： Qing Yuan Shanjuan Hong gregory Leya Eve Roth Georgios Tsoulfas WW Williams Joren C Madsen Nahel Elias Department of Urology Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China Transplant Center and Center for Transplantation Sciences Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114United States Department of Surgery Aristototle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Department of Medicine Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114United States Division of Cardiac Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114United States Division of Transplant Surgery Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMA 02114United States

BACKGROUND As Hepatitis C virus infection(HCV+)rates in kidney donors and transplant recipients rise,direct-acting antivirals(DAA)may affect *** To analyze the effects of HCV+in donors,recipients,or both,on deceased-donor(DD)kidney transplantation(KT)outcomes,and the impact of DAAs on those *** The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network data of adult first solitary DD-KT recipients 1994-2019 were allocated into four groups by donor and recipient HCV+*** performed patient survival(PS)and death-censored graft survival(DCGS)pairwise comparisons after propensity score matching to assess the effects of HCV+in donors and/or recipients,stratifying our study by DAA era to evaluate potential effect *** Pre-DAA,for HCV+recipients,receiving an HCV+kidney was associated with 1.28-fold higher mortality(HR 1.151.281.42)and 1.22-fold higher death-censored graft failure(HR 1.***.221.39)compared to receiving an HCV-kidney and the absolute risk difference was 3.3%(95%CI:1.8%-4.7%)for PS and 3.1%(95%CI:1.2%-5%)for DCGS at 3 *** HCV dual-infection(donor plus recipient)group had worse PS(0.56-fold)and DCGS(0.71-fold)than the *** HCV+derived worse post-transplant outcomes than recipient HCV+(PS 0.36-fold,DCGS 0.34-fold).In the DAA era,the risk associated with HCV+in donors and/or recipients was no longer statistically significant,except for impaired PS in the dual-infected vs dual-uninfected(0.43-fold).CONCLUSION Prior to DAA introduction,donor HCV+negatively influenced kidney transplant outcomes in all recipients,while recipient infection only relatively impaired outcomes for uninfected *** adverse effects disappeared with the introduction of DAA.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Kidney transplantation Direct-acting antiviral therapy Propensity score matching

Potential of the neonicotinoid imidacloprid and the oxadiazine indoxacarb for controlling five coleopteran pests of stored grain

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 96-101页

作者： gregory J. Daglish Manoj K. Nayak Agri-Science Queensland Department of Employment Economic Development and Innovation Brisbane Queensland Australia

The potential for using imidacloprid （a neonicotinoid） and indoxacarb （an oxadiazine） as grain protectants was investigated in bioassays against resistant strains of five stored grain beetles. The species investigated were Rhyzopertha dominica （E）（the lesser grain borer）, Sitophilus oryzae （L.）（the rice weevil）, Tribolium castaneum （Herbst）（the rust-red flour beetle）, Oryzaephilus surinamensis （L.）（the saw tooth flour beetle）, and Cryptolestesferrugineus （Stephens）（the fiat grain beetle）. Each of these species has developed resistance to one or more protectants, including organophosphorus insecticides, synthetic pyrethroids and the juvenile hormone analogue methoprene. Mortality and re- production after a 2-week exposure of adults to treated wheat depended on species, dose and insecticide. Imidacloprid had no effect on S. oryzae at any dose, but none of the other species produced any live progeny at 10 mg/kg. Indoxacarb had no effect on T. castaneum at any dose, but none of the other species produced any live progeny at 5 mg/kg. The results show that although both imidacloprid and indoxacarb can control at least four of the five key pests tested at doses comparable to those used for organophosphorus protectants, more potent neonicotinoid or oxadiazine insecticides would be needed than either of these to provide broad spectrum protection of stored grain .

关键词： beetles imidacloprid indoxacarb stored grain

Simple glycolipids of microbes:Chemistry,biological activity and metabolic engineering

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第1期3卷 3-19页

作者： Ahmad Mohammad Abdel-Mawgoud gregory Stephanopoulos Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts Ave.CambridgeMA 02139USA

Glycosylated lipids(GLs)are added-value lipid derivatives of great *** their interesting surface activities that qualify many of them to act as excellent ecological detergents,they have diverse biological activities with promising biomedical and cosmeceutical ***,especially those of microbial origin,have interesting antimicrobial,anticancer,antiparasitic as well as immunomodulatory ***,GLs are hardly accessing the market because of their high cost of *** believe that experience of metabolic engineering(ME)of microbial lipids for biofuel production can now be harnessed towards a successful synthesis of microbial GLs for biomedical and other *** review presents chemical groups of bacterial and fungal GLs,their biological activities,their general biosynthetic pathways and an insight on ME strategies for their production.

关键词： Biosurfactant Glycolipids biosynthesis Glycosyl/acyl transferases Glycosides Physiological roles Lipid biotechnology

New variation of median arcuate ligament compression causing hepatic arterial hypoperfusion during liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第4期19卷 394-395页

作者： Noel Cassar Stephen gregory Krishna Menon Institute of Liver Studies King’s Healthcare PartnersDenmark Hill SiteLondon SE59RSUK

Satisfactory blood flow after hepatic arterial anastomosis in liver transplantation is a critical point of the *** with this anastomosis can result in hepatic artery thrombosis with resultant graft failure and patient morbidity and *** of hepatic artery thrombosis include problematic technique,hepatic artery dissection,external compression(*** hematoma),hypercoagulable state,splenic arterial steal and rarer causes such as median arcuate ligament compression(MALC).A careful review of preoperative radiology and imaging will reveal these rare instances and enable a proper intraoperative plan.

关键词： hepatic arterial ligament

Diabetes exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease in mice with dietinduced obesity

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世界胃肠病学杂志:英文版 2023年第33期29卷 4991-5004页

作者： Kendra L Francis Kimberly M Alonge Maria Cristina Pacheco Shannon J Hu Cody A Krutzsch gregory J Morton Michael W Schwartz Jarrad M Scarlett Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Seattle Children’s HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States 不详 Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Seattle Children's HospitalSeattleWA 98105United States

BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)among patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes suggests a causal link between these diseases,potentially involving the effect of hyperglycemia to disrupt intestinal barrier *** To investigate whether the deleterious impact of diabetes on the intestinal barrier is associated with increased IBD severity in a murine model of colitis in mice with and without diet-induced *** Mice were fed chow or a high-fat diet and subsequently received streptozotocin to induce diabetic-range *** weeks later,dextran sodium sulfate was given to induce *** select experiments,a subset of diabetic mice was treated with the antidiabetic drug dapagliflozin prior to colitis *** included both clinical and histological measures of colitis activity as well as histochemical markers of colonic epithelial barrier *** In mice given a high-fat diet,but not chow-fed animals,diabetes was associated with significantly increased clinical colitis activity and histopathologic markers of disease *** was also associated with a decrease in key components that regulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity(colonic mucin layer content and epithelial tight junction proteins)in diet-induced obese *** of these effects of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice was ameliorated by restoring *** In obese mice,diabetes worsened clinical and pathologic outcomes of colitis via mechanisms that are reversible with treatment of ***-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction offers a plausible mechanism linking diabetes to increased colitis *** findings suggest that effective diabetes management may decrease the clinical severity of IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Type 2 diabetes Obesity Intestinal barrier Hyperglycemia Colitis in mice Tight junction proteins

Real-time 3D Microtubule Gliding Simulation Accelerated by GPU Computing

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2016年第2期13卷 108-116页

作者： gregory Gutmann Daisuke Inoue Akira Kakugo Akihiko Konagaya Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science Tokyo Institute of Technology Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University

A microtubule gliding assay is a biological experiment observing the dynamics of microtubules driven by motor proteins fixed on a glass surface. When appropriate microtubule interactions are set up on gliding assay experiments, microtubules often organize and create higher-level dynamics such as ring and bundle structures. In order to reproduce such higher-level dynamics on computers, we have been focusing on making a real-time 3D microtubule simulation. This real-time 3D microtubule simulation enables us to gain more knowledge on microtubule dynamics and their swarm movements by means of adjusting simulation paranleters in a real-time fashion. One of the technical challenges when creating a real-time 3D simulation is balancing the 3D rendering and the computing performance. Graphics processor unit （GPU） programming plays an essential role in balancing the millions of tasks, and makes this real-time 3D simulation possible. By the use of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units （GPGPU） programming we are able to run the simulation in a massively parallel fashion, even when dealing with more complex interactions between microtubules such as overriding and snuggling. Due to performance being an important factor, a performance n, odel has also been constructed from the analysis of the microtubule simulation and it is consistent with the performance measurements on different GPGPU architectures with regards to the number of cores and clock cycles.

关键词： Microtubule gliding assay 3D computer graphics and simulation parallel computing performance analysis general- purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) compute unified device arshitecture (CUDA) DirectX.

Towards a knowledge base to support global change policy goals

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 188-216页

作者： Stefano Nativi Mattia Santoro gregory Giuliani Paolo Mazzetti European Commission–DG Joint Research Centre Ispra(VA)Italy National research Council of Italy–Institute on Atmospheric research pollution Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy University of Geneva Institute for Environmental SciencesGenevaSwitzerland UN Environment Science DivisionGRID-GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

In 2015,it was adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to end poverty,protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and *** year after,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)officially came into *** 2015,GEO(Group on Earth Observation)declared to support the implementation of *** GEO Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS)required a change of paradigm,moving from a data-centric approach to a more knowledge-driven *** this end,the GEO System-of-Systems(SoS)framework may refer to the well-known Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom(DIKW)*** the context of an Earth Observation(EO)SoS,a set of main elements are recognized as connecting links for generating knowledge from EO and non-EO data–*** and economic *** elements are:Essential Variables(EVs),Indicators and Indexes,Goals and *** generation and use requires the development of a SoS KB whose management process has evolved the GEOSS Software Ecosystem into a GEOSS Social *** includes:collect,formalize,publish,access,use,and update *** project analysed the knowledge necessary to recognize,formalize,access,and use *** analysis recognized GEOSS gaps providing recommendations on supporting global decision-making within and across different domains.

关键词： Knowledge base from data to knowledge essential variables SDGs GEOSS interoperability science big earth data

Sexual selection in cane toads Rhinella marina： A male＇s body size affects his success and his tactics

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Current Zoology 2013年第6期59卷 747-753页

作者： Haley BOWCOCK gregory P. BROWN Richard SHINE School of Biological Sciences A08 University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

Male body size can play an important role in the mating systems of anuran amphibians. We conducted laboratory-based trials with cane toadsRhinella(Bufo)marinafrom an invasive population in the wet-dry tropics of northern Australia, to clarify the effects of a male’s body size on his reproductive success and behavior (mate choice). Males were stimulated with a synthetic hormone to induce reproductive readiness. Larger body size enhanced a male toad’s ability to displace a smaller rival from amplexus, apparently because of physical strength: more force was required to dislodge a larger than a smaller amplectant male. A male’s body size also affected his mate-choice criteria. Males of all body sizes were as likely to attempt amplexus with another male as with a female of the same size, and preferred larger rather than smaller sexual targets. However, this size preference was stronger in larger males and hence, amplexus was size-assortative. This pattern broke down when males were given access to already-amplectant male-female pairs: males of all body sizes readily attempted amplexus with the pair, with no size discrimination. An amplectant pair provides a larger visual stimulus, and prolonged amplexus provides a strong cue for sex identification (one of the individuals involved is almost certainly a female). Thus, a male cane toad’s body size affects both his ability to defeat rivals in physical struggles over females, and the criteria he uses when selecting potential mates, but the impacts of that selectivity depend upon the context in which mating occurs.

关键词：车身尺寸蟾蜍机身甘蔗码头战术交配系统两栖动物