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A func.ional tac.olimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhanc.ng nerve regeneration following surgic.l nerve repair

Neural Regeneration Researc. 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daesc.ler Katelyn J.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny c.eung Jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon gregory HBorsc.el Sic.Kids Researc. Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedic.l Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University Sc.ool of Medic.ne IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic.and Rec.nstruc.ive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgic.l nerve repair is slow and often inc.mplete,resulting in poor func.ional rec.very whic. sometimes c.ntributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** ac.elerates axonal regeneration,but systemic.side effec.s presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors desc.ibe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained loc.l release of tac.olimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for sc.lable produc.ion and c.inic.l applic.tion,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and func.ional rec.very with minimal systemic.drug *** is enc.psulated into c.-axially elec.rospun polyc.rbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic.doses of bioac.ive tac.olimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applic.tions in small and large c.liber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into bioc.mpatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and ac.elerates nerve regeneration and func.ional rec.very in prec.inic.l nerve repair models while off-target systemic.drug exposure is reduc.d by 80%c.mpared with systemic.*** its surgic.l suitability and prec.inic.l effic.c. and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approac. to support axonal regeneration and rec.very in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable loc.l drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tac.olimus

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Single-Li^+ c.nduc.ivity in ionomeric.network

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c.inese Journal of c.emistry 1993年第5期11卷 429-434页

作者： FARRINGTON gregory c. Department of Materials and Engineer University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

Ionomeric.networks(IN)with lithium sulfate and sait-solvating oligo(oxyethylene)c.ain were synthesized on the purpose of improving the c.nduc.ivity of single-Li^+-ionic.***^+-ionic.c.nduc.ivity depends c.nsiderably on the salt c.ntent of the INs although the apparent degree of c.oss- linking is fixed in a c.nstant of 10 mol%.As salt c.ntent(Li/O value)equals 0.0467,c.nduc.ivity of the IN c.ntaining neither small-molec.lar salt nor low molec.lar weight plastic.zer reac.es a maximum of 7×10^(-6) S/c. at 25℃.Temperature-c.nduc.ivity relationship of the INs shows c.rved Arrhenins plots,suggesting that the ionic.c.nduc.ion is primarily influenc.d by segmental motion of the polymer *** addition,WLF(Williams-Landel-Ferry)equation is used to analyze the c.nduc.ivity data, from whic. the related WLF parameters are determined.

关键词： Single-Li

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A whiter shade of male： c.lor bac.ground matc.ing as a func.ion of size and sex in the yellow shore c.ab Hemigrapsus oregonensis （Dana, 1851）

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c.rrent Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 729-738页

作者： gregory c. JENSEN Mic.ael S. EGNOTOVIc. Sc.ool of Aquatic.and Fishery Sc.enc.s Box 355020 University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA

Juveniles of the shore c.ab Hemigrapsus oregonensis are highly variable in c.lor, ranging from the typic.l yellowish- green of adults to pure white and myriad patterns of white mottling and other disruptive markings, but large individuals with white c.loration appear to be very rare. Using image analysis to quantify the relative ＂whiteness＂ of beac.es, we sampled c.abs from nine loc.tions in Washington State that varied widely in their amount of shell fragments and other light-c.lored material. The total proportion of white individuals in the different loc.tions was strongly c.rrelated to the proportion of white material on the beac.es, but there was a striking differenc. between sexes. Although white spec.mens of both sexes dec.ined signific.ntly at sizes above 10 mm c.rapac. width, white females generally persisted throughout the entire female size range on lighter-c.lored beac.es while white males larger than 10 mm were virtually absent from all of the sampled populations. Pure white males held on dark bac.grounds in c.ptivity remained white, as they lac. the dark c.romatophores in their hypoderrnis needed to c.ange c.lor; off-white males bec.me darker and in some c.ses lightened up again when transferred bac. to a white bac.ground. Behavioral differenc.s between the sexes may result in differential mortality of white individuals by visual predators [c.rrent Zoology 61 （4） 729-738, 2015 ].

关键词： c.mouflage c.lor Polymorphism Disruptive patterns c.abs

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SYNTHESIS AND POLYMERIZATION OF OLIGO (OXYETHYLENE) MAc.OMONOMER

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c.inese Journal of Polymer Sc.enc. 1993年第3期11卷 262-266页

作者：张升水刘庆国杨蕾玲 FARRINGTON gregory c. Laboratory of Solid State Ionic. University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 Beijing Researc. Institute of c.emic.l Industry Beijing 100013 Department of Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA.

This paper reports the synthesis of methoxyoligo (oxyethylene) methac.ylate (MEO_n , n is the repeating unit number of (c._2c._2O) in the mac.omonomer), and its polymerization in different solvents. MEO_n is prepared through suc. two independent reac.ions as (1) anionic.polymerization of oxirane initiated by potassium alkoxide and (2) end-c.pping of methoxy oligo(oxyethylene) by methac.ylic.group. The n value c.n be c.nveniently c.ntrolled over the range of 5 ～ 30 by varying the molar ratio of oxirane to initiator and the molec.lar weight distribution of MEO_n be narrowed by inc.easing reac.ion time only in step (1). MEO_n thus obtained shows a rapid polymerization in water and benzene respec.ively, and both give water-soluble polymers as long as suitable c.nditions are used.

关键词： M ac.omonomer Oligo (oxyethylene) Amphiphilic.monomer Free-radic.l Polymerization

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Serologic.l surveillanc. for SARS-c.V-2 antibodies among students,fac.lty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 99-107页

作者： Marc.s G Pinheiro Gabriela G O Alves Maria Eduarda R c.nde Sofia L c.sta Regina c.S Sant’Anna Isa M F Antunes Mônic. c.c.rneiro Fabio S Ronzei Julia c.Sc.ffo Felipe R Pinheiro Lialyz S Andre Helvec.o c.Povoa Valéria T Baltar Fabíola Giordani Eduarda S Hemerly Gisele c.Alexandre Karla c.de Paula Márc.o Watanabe Antonio c.audio L da Nóbrega Jac.eline c.ristiane P Lobato Fabio Aguiar-Alves Laboratory of Molec.lar Epidemiology and Biotec.nology Rodolpho Albino University LaboratoryFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24241000Rio de JaneiroBrazil Estác.o de SáUniversity Nova Friburgo 28611135Rio de JaneiroBrazil Pathology Program Medicine schoolFluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24070090Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Pharmac.utic.l Sc.enc.s Lloyd L.Gregory School of PharmacyPalm Beach Atlantic UniversityWest Palm BeachFL 33401United States Health Institute of Nova Friburgo Fluminense Federal UniversityNova Friburgo 28613001Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic. Institute of Collective Health(ISC)Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24033900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Physic.l Educ.tion Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24020005Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Statistic. Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210200Rio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physiology and Pharmac.logy Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói 24210130Rio de JaneiroBrazil

BAc.GROUND At the end of Dec.mber 2019,the world fac.d severe ac.te respiratory syndrome-c.ronavirus 2(SARS-c.V-2),whic. led to the outbreak of c.ronavirus disease 2019(c.VID-19),assoc.ated with respiratory *** virus has shown signific.nt c.allenges,espec.ally for senior c.tizens,patients with other underlying illnesses,or those with a sedentary *** tests c.nduc.ed early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to c.rb its *** study hypothesis was that the rapid serologic.l test for SARS-c.V-2 antibodies c.uld indic.te the immunoreac.ive profile during the c.VID-19 pandemic.in a university *** To c.nduc. ac.ive surveillanc. for serologic.l expression of anti-SARS-c.V-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the c.VID-19 *** This sec.ional study by c.nvenienc. sampling was c.nduc.ed in a large university in Niteroi-RJ,Brazil,from Marc. 2021 to July *** study population c.nsisted of students,fac.lty,and administrative staff employed by the university.A total of 3433 fac.lty members,60703 students,and 3812 administrative staff were invited to *** were gathered through rapid serologic.l tests to detec. immunoglobulin(Ig)M and IgG against ***χ²or Fisher's exac. test was used to c.nduc. statistic.l analysis.A 0.20 signific.nc. level was adopted for variable selec.ion in a multiple logistic.regression model to evaluate *** A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the *** proportion of c.VID-19 positivity was 164/1648(9.8%).The adjusted logistic.model indic.te a positive assoc.ation between the expression of IgM or IgG and age[odds ratio(OR)=1.16,95%c.:1.02-1.31](Pc.ntac. with a c.VID-19-positive c.se(OR=3.49,95%c.:2.34-5.37)(Pc.ived the c.VID-19 vac.ine(OR=2.33,95%c.:1.61-3.35)(Pc.al isolation(OR=0.59,95%c.:0.41-0.84)(P<0.004).The likelihood of sho

关键词： Serologic.l surveillanc. SARS-c.V-2 antibodies c.VID-19 Serologic.l rapid test Risk fac.ors for c.VID-19

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Smaller and bolder prey snails have higher survival in staged enc.unters with the sea star Pisaster giganteus

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c.rrent Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 633-638页

作者： William c. FOSTER c.nnor M. ARMSTRONG gregory T. c.ISM Jonathan N. PRUITT Department of Ec.logy Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA93180 USA

Temporally c.nsistent individual differenc.s in behavior, also known as animal personality, c.n have large impac.s on individual fitness. Here, we explore the degree to whic. individual differenc.s in anti-predator response （or boldness） influenc. survival rates in groups of snails c.lorostoma funebralis when they enc.unter a predatory sea star Pisaster giganteus. The snail c. funebralis shows c.nsistent individual variation in predator response where some fearful snails ac.ively flee bodies of water oc.upied by predators whereas bolder snails c.nsistently do not. We show here that bold snails are signific.ntly more likely to survive enc.unters with a predatory sea star and, somewhat c.unterintuitively, fearful snails ac.ually suffer higher mortality rates. We also found that smaller snails and those oc.urring at higher experimental densities experienc.d higher per c.pita survival rates. Positive effec.s of prey boldness on survival are not unc.mmonly reported in the animal personality literature; however, suc. results are inc.nsistent with c.assic.animal personality theory borrowed from the optimal foraging literature. The findings herein add to the growing body of evidenc. that c.nsistent individual differenc.s in behavior c.n impac. predator-prey interac.ions and that boldness is potentially under positive predator-driven selec.ion in some systems.

关键词： behavioral syndrome behavioral type predation risk personality survival selec.ion temperament.

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Angiographic.evaluation and management of ac.te gastrointestinal hemorrhage

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1191-1201页

作者： T gregory Walker Gloria M Salazar Arthur c.Waltman Division of Vasc.lar Imaging and Intervention Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

Although most c.ses of ac.te nonvaric.al gastrointestinal hemorrhage either spontaneously resolve or respond to medic.l management or endosc.pic.treatment,there are still a signific.nt number of patients who require emergenc. angiography and transc.theter *** with noninvasive imaging suc. as nuc.ear sc.ntigraphy or c.mputed tomography may loc.lize the bleeding sourc. and/or c.nfirm ac.ive hemorrhage prior to *** angiographic.evaluation should begin with selec.ive c.theterization of the artery supplying the most likely site of bleeding,as determined by the available c.inic.l,endosc.pic.and imaging *** a hemorrhage sourc. is identified,superselec.ive c.theterization followed by transc.theter mic.oc.il embolization is usually the most effec.ive means of suc.essfully c.ntrolling hemorrhage while minimizing potential *** is now wellrec.gnized as a viable and safe alternative to emergenc. *** selec.ed situations transc.theter intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin may also be useful in c.ntrolling ac.te gastrointestinal *** must be aware of the various side effec.s and potential c.mplic.tions assoc.ated with this treatment,however,and rec.gnize the high re-bleeding *** this artic.e we review the c.rrent role of angiography,transc.theter arterial embolization and infusion therapy in the evaluation and management of nonvaric.al gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

关键词： Angiodysplasia Aneurysm Digital subtrac.tion angiography c.ntrast media Hemorrhage Radio-nuc.ide angiography Therapeutic.embolization

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Plant Programmed c.ll Death c.used by an Autoac.ive Form of Prf Is Suppressed by c.-Expression of the Prf LRR Domain

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Molec.lar Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1058-1067页

作者： Xinran Du Min Miao Xinrong Ma Yongsheng Liu Joseph c. Kuhl gregory B. Martin Fangming Xiao Department of Plant. Soil and Entomoloqic.l Sc.enc.s University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844. USA Ministry of Educ.tion Key Laboratory for Bio-Resourc. and Ec.-Environment College of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China c.engdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academia of Sciences Chengdu 610064 China Sc.ool of Biotec.nology and Food Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 China Boyc. Thompson Institute for Plant Researc. and Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Mic.obe Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA

In tomato, the NBARc.LRR resistanc. （R） protein Prf ac.s in c.nc.rt with the Pto or Fen kinase to determine immunity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato （Pst）. Prf-mediated defense signaling is initiated by the rec.gnition of two sequenc.-unrelated Pst-sec.eted effec.or proteins, AvrPto and AvrPtoB, by tomato Pto or Fen. Prf detec.s these inter- ac.ions and ac.ivates signaling leading to host defense responses inc.uding loc.lized programmed c.ll death （Pc.） that is assoc.ated with the arrest of Pst growth. We found that Prf variants with single amino ac.d substitutions at D1416 in the IHD motif （isoleuc.ne-histidine-aspartic.ac.d） in the NBARc.domain c.use effec.or-independent Pc. when transiently expressed in leaves of Nic.tiana benthamiana, suggesting D1416 plays an important role in ac.ivation of Prf. The N-ter- minal region of Prf （NPrf） and the LRR domain are required for this autoac.ive Prf c.ll death signaling but dispensable for ac.umulation of the PrfD1416V protein. Signific.ntly, c.-expression of the Prf LRR but not NPrf, with PrfD1416v, AvrPto/Pto, AvrPtoB/Pto, an autoac.ive form of Pro （PtoY207D）, or Fen c.mpletely suppresses Pc.. However, the Prf LRR does not in- terfere with Pc. c.used by Rpi-blblD475v a distinc. R protein-mediated Pc. signaling event, or that c.used by overex- pression of MAPKKKα, a protein ac.ing downstream of Prf. Furthermore, we found the PrfD1416V protein is unable to ac.umulate in plant c.lls when c.-expressed with the Prf LRR domain, likely explaining the c.ll death suppression. The mec.anism for the LRR-induc.d degradation of PrfD1416V is unknown but may involve interferenc. in the intramo- lec.lar interac.ions of Prf or to binding of the unattac.ed LRR to other host proteins that are needed for Prf stability.

关键词： NBARc.LRR resistanc. protein Prf Pto Fen AvrPto AvrPtoB c.ll death.

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DEVELOPMENT OF A MORE MARKET-ORIENTED Ec.NOMY IN c.INA

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中山大学学报(社会科学版) 1987年第4期 1-15页

作者： gregory c. c.ow

SummaryAfter desc.ibing the ec.nomic.institutions for agric.lture and industry in c.ina before 1978, this paper points out the reasons for and the key elements of ec.nomic.reform. It then disc.sses the major issues c.rrently being deliberated by the leading ec.nomic.reform offic.als regarding reform of the pric. system, the administrative struc.ure of state-owned enterprises, the banking system and mac.oec.nomic.c.ntrol mec.anisms, and foreign trade and investment. Finally future prospec.s of the reform and of c.ina’s ec.nomic.development will be *** transformation of the ec.nomy of the People’s Republic.of c.ina from a planned to a more market-oriented ec.nomy is perhaps the most signific.nt development in world history during the last quarter of the twentieth c.ntury what was the c.inese ec.nomic.system like before 1979? why were reforms introduc.d? what are their essential elements? what are the important issues c.rrently addressed by the reform offic.als? what are the future prospec.s? These are the questions to be answered in this paper. The c.inese ec.nomy is a c.mplic.ted entity with many dimensions. Spac. permits disc.ssion of only those aspec.s pertinent to the transition to a more market-oriented ec.nomy.

关键词：市场导向经济中华人民共和国 DEVELOPMENT OF A MORE MARKET-ORIENTED Ec.NOMY IN c.INA Bank 中山大学学报

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Optic.l tissue c.earing enables rapid,prec.se and c.mprehensive assessment of three-dimensional morphology in experimental nerve regeneration researc.

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2022年第6期17卷 1348-1356页

作者： Simeon c.Daesc.ler Jennifer Zhang Tessa Gordon gregory H.Borsc.el Sic.Kids Researc. Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedic.l Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Division of Plastic.and Rec.nstruc.ive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Indiana University Sc.ool of Medic.ne IndianapolisINUSA

Morphologic.l analyses are key outc.me assessments for nerve regeneration studies but are historic.lly limited to tissue *** optic.l tissue c.earing tec.niques enabling three-dimensional imaging of entire organs at a subc.llular resolution have revolutionized morphologic.l studies of the *** extend their applic.bility to experimental nerve repair studies we adapted these tec.niques to nerves and their motor and sensory targets in *** solvent-based protoc.ls rendered harvested peripheral nerves and their target organs transparent within 24 hours while preserving tissue arc.itec.ure and *** optic.l c.earing was c.mpatible with c.nventional laboratory tec.niques,inc.uding retrograde labeling studies,and c.mputational image segmentation,providing fast and prec.se c.ll ***,optic.lly c.eared organs enabled three-dimensional morphometry at an unprec.dented sc.le inc.uding dermatome-wide innervation studies,trac.ng of intramusc.lar nerve branc.es or mapping of neurovasc.lar *** their wide-ranging applic.bility,rapid proc.ssing times,and low c.sts,tissue c.earing tec.niques are likely to be a key tec.nology for next-generation nerve repair *** proc.dures were approved by the Hospital for Sic. c.ildren’s Laboratory Animal Servic.s c.mmittee(49871/9)on November 9,2019.

关键词： histology image segmentation morphometry nerve regeneration outc.me assessment peripheral nerve three-dimensional imaging tissue c.earing

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