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A novel nomogram provides improved accuracy for predicting biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy

Chinese Medical Journal 2021年第13期134卷 1576-1583页

作者： Hai-Zhui Xia Hai Bi Ye Yan Bin Yang Ruo-Zhuo Ma Wei He Xue-Hua Zhu Zhi-Ying Zhang Yu-Ting Zhang Lu-Lin Ma Xiao-Fei Hou gregory JWirth Jian Lu Department of Urology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100191China Department of surgery Division of UrologyGeneva University HospitalGenevaSwitzerland

Background:Various prediction tools have been developed to predict biochemical recurrence(BCR)after radical prostatectomy(RP);however,few of the previous prediction tools used serum prostate-specific antigen(PsA)nadir after RP and maximum tumor diameter(MTD)at the same *** this study,a nomogram incorporating MTD and PsA nadir was developed to predict BCR-free survival(BCRFs).Methods:A total of 337 patients who underwent RP between January 2010 and March 2017 were retrospectively enrolled in this *** maximum diameter of the index lesion was measured on magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate independent predictors of BCR.A nomogram was subsequently developed for the prediction of BCRFs at 3 and 5 years after ***-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and decision curve analyses were performed to identify the advantage of the new nomogram in comparison with the cancer of the prostate risk assessment post-surgical(CAPRA-s)***:A novel nomogram was developed to predict BCR by including PsA nadir,MTD,Gleason score,surgical margin(sM),and seminal vesicle invasion(sVI),considering these variables were significantly associated with BCR in both univariate and multivariate analyses(Psic model including Gleason score,sM,and sVI was developed and used as a control to assess the incremental predictive power of the new *** concordance index of our model was slightly higher than CAPRA-s model(0.76 vs.0.70,P=0.02)and it was significantly higher than that of the basic model(0.76 vs.0.66,P=0.001).Time-dependent ROC curve and decision curve analyses also demonstrated the advantages of the new ***:PsA nadir after RP and MTD based on MRI before surgery are independent predictors of *** incorporating PsA nadir and MTD into the conventional predictive model,our newly developed nomogram significantly improved the accuracy in predicting BCRFs after RP.

关键词： Nomogram PsA nadir Tumor diameter Magnetic resonance imaging Biochemical recurrence Radical prostatectomy

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Attainment of the Fifth Millennium Development Goal: Utopia or Reality Based on Trends in Maternal Mortality in 12 Years in Two Regional Hospitals in Fako Division, Cameroon? A Retrospective study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第13期4卷 771-781页

作者： gregory Edie Halle Ekane Thomas Egbe Obinchemti Charlotte Nguefack Tchente Lydia Kahgomia Fokunang Theophile Nana Njamen Ndamezie Nkafu Bechem Martin Mafany Njie Daniel Latum Department of surgery and Gynecology/Obstetrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of BueaBuea Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Regional Hospital Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Limbe Regional Hospital Limbe Cameroon Department of Public and Community Health University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: According to WHO, globally an estimated 585,000 women die each year from complications of pregnancy and childbirth. One of the targets of Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG 5) is to reduce maternal mortality by three quarters of the 1999 value by the year 2015. However, three years to 2015, very little is known on the trends in maternal mortality ratio, causes of maternal deaths and their associated factors in the Tiko Cottage Hospital (TCH) and Limbe Regional Hospital (LRH) in the south-West Region, Cameroon. Methods: This was a retrospective, analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out from 1st January 2000 to December 2012. After obtaining ethical clearance, the records of cases of maternal deaths and a reference group of women who survived after a pregnancy during the same period were carefully reviewed. The data were analyzed with sPss 10 and EPI 3.5.1. Results: There were 14,480 live births and 132 maternal deaths during the study period, giving an adjusted Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) of 892/100,000 live births. Patients’ age ranged from 15 - 40 years (sD 2.3). We observed a downwards trend of Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR). seventy-eight percent of the maternal deaths were due to direct causes. The triad of hemorrhage (54.5%), abortions (17.4%), and eclampsia (10.6%) was the leading cause of death. HIV-related complications and hepatitis constituted the main indirect causes of maternal death. In 85.4% of cases, maternal deaths were avoidable. Lack of blood for transfusion and late referral of cases were the main avoidable factors. Patients less than 35 years (p = 0.01), no antenatal care (ANC) (p = 0.001), unemployment [OR = 1.52;95% CI: (1.38 - 48.28);p = 0.02] were significantly associated with maternal deaths while grand multiparity [OR = 1.20;95% CI (0.30 - 4.86);p = 0.79], marital status [OR = 1.20;95% CI: (0.70 - 2.07);p = 0.51] and education level were not significantly associated with maternal deaths. Conclusion: The trend s

关键词： Maternal Mortality Ratio Causes Trends MDG 5 south West Region

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Angiographic and volumetric effects of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors on angiomyolipomas in tuberous sclerosis

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第3期8卷 308-315页

作者： Rahul A sheth Adam s Feldman Elahna Paul Elizabeth A Thiele T gregory Walker Department of Interventional Radiology MD Anderson Cancer Center Department of Urology Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Pediatric Nephrology Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Division of Interventional Radiology Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital

AIM: To investigate the angiographic and volumetric effects of mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) inhibitors on angiomyolipomas(AMLs) in a case series of patients with tuberous sclerosis ***: All patients who underwent catheter angiography prior to and following m TOR inhibitor therapy(n = 3) were evaluated. All cross-sectional imaging studies were analyzed with three-dimensional volumetrics, and tumor volume curves for all three tissue compartments(soft tissue, vascular, and fat) were generated. segmentation analysis tools were used to automatically create a region of interest(ROI) circumscribing the AML. On magnetic resonance images, the "fat only" map calculated from the in- and opposed-phase gradient recalled echo sequences was used to quantify fat volume within tumors. Tumor vascularity was measured by applying a thresholding toolwithin the ROI on post-contrast subtraction images. On computed tomography images, volume histogram analysis of Hounsfield unit was performed to quantify tumor tissue composition. The angiography procedures were also reviewed, and tumor vascularity based on pre-embolization angiography was characterized in a semi-quantitative manner. REsULTs: Patient 1 presented at the age of 15 with a 6.8 cm right lower pole AML and a 4.0 cm right upper pole AML. Embolization was performed of both tumors, and after a few years of size control, the tumors began to grow, and the patient was initiated on m TOR inhibitor therapy. There was an immediate reduction in the size of both lesions. The patient then underwent repeat embolization and discontinuation of m TOR inhibition, after which point there was a substantial regrowth in both tumors across all tissue compartments. Patient 2 presented at the age of 18 with a right renal AML. Following a brief period of tumor reduction after embolization, she was initiated on m TOR inhibitor therapy, with successful reduction in tumor size across all tissue compartments. As with patient 1, however, th

关键词： Tuberous sclerosis Angiomyolipoma sirolimus Angiography Transcatheter embolization Interventional radiology Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition Everolimus Volumetrics

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Optimization and kinetic studies for enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of colocynthis vulgaris shrad seeds shell for bioethanol production

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第1期6卷 45-64页

作者： Igwilo Christopher Nnaemeka Egbuna samuel O Onoh Maxwell I Asadu OChristain Onyekwulu Chinelo s Department of science Laboratory Technology Federal College of AgricultureP.M.BIshiaguEbonyi StateNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Enugu state University of science and Technology (ESUT)Nigeria gregory University Uturu PMB 1012 Abia State Nigeria

The key process parameters for the hydrolysis and fermentation of Colocynthis vulgaris shrad seeds shell(CVsss)were optimized using the Box-Behnken Design(BBD)of Response surface Methodology(RsM).Kinetic study was also carried *** proximate analysis of the CVsss was done by the method of the Association of Organic and Applied Chemistry(AOAC).Enzymatic hydrolysis was experimented by using Aspergillus Niger as a crude enzyme isolated from soil at sawdust dump site and screened for cellulosic *** that affected the hydrolysis of the CVsss were screened by using the Greco-Latin square design of ***,for saccharomyces cerevisiae,factors that affected the fermentation of the CVsss were screened by using the same Greco-Latin square design of ***,the result of the proximate analysis revealed that the CVsss had 73.54%cellulose which could be converted to *** was established that temperature,pH and time had significant effect on hydrolysis,while the optimum results were obtained at 46.8℃,3.32 d,5.68 and 59.87%for temperature,time,pH and glucose yield,***,yeast dosage,pH and time had significant effect on fermentation,while the optimum results from optimization were found to be 33.58℃,7.0,3.55 d,1.65 g per 50 mL and 25.6%for temperature,pH,time,yeast dosage and ethanol yield,*** kinetics of both the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation agreed with the Michealis-Menten kinetic model with the correlation coefficients(R^(2))of 0.9708 and 0.8773,***,from the error analysis,the experimental and predicted values had a very good relationship as described by Michaelis-Menten model.

关键词： Ethanol Melon(Egusi)seed shell Hydrolysis Fermentation Optimization Kinetics

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Dietary sugars inhibit biologic functions of the pattern recognition molecule, mannose-binding lectin

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Open Journal of Immunology 2011年第2期1卷 41-49页

作者： Kazue Takahashi Wei-Chuan Chang Patience Moyo Mitchell R. White Parool Meelu Anamika Verma gregory L. stahl Kevan L. Hartshorn Vijay Yajnik 不详

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL), a mammalian lectin, is a pattern recognition molecule of the innate immune system and recognizes carbo-hydrates that are exposed on pathogens. In this study, we observed that fructose down regu-lates MBL-mediated innate immune mechanisms against both influenza A virus (IAV) and staphy-lococcus aureus. These mechanisms include the lectin complement pathway and coagulation enzyme-like activities on both pathogens. Fur-thermore, fructose also reduces MBL-mediated phagocytosis of s. aureus and IAV and MBL- mediated IAV infection to epithelial cells. In contrast, sucrose inhibits MBL-mediated im-mune mechanisms against s. aureus but not IAV. Together, our studies show that dietary sugars, in particular fructose, negatively regulate the innate immunity against viral and bacterial pathogens.

关键词： Mannose-Binding Lectin Fructose Influenza A Virus staphylococcus Aureus Complement Coagulation

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Assessment of the Content and Utilization of Antenatal Care services in a Rural Community in Cameroon: A Cross-sectional study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第14期4卷 846-856页

作者： gregory Edie Halle-Ekane Thomas Egbe Obinchemti Jeffrey-Lewis Nnomzo’o Nzang Ngoe Morike Mokube Martin Mafany Njie Theophile Nana Njamen Boniface T. Nasah Department of surgery and Gynecology/Obstetrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Regional Hospital Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Pregnant women receive antenatal care (ANC) to ensure favorable pregnancy outcomes. Despite the high ANC coverage rate registered nationally in Cameroon;rural women, women with no formal education and those in the most deprived quintile still face difficulties in having access to quality ANC. The impact of the aforementioned factors on ANC use in the Muea Health Area (MHA) is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of women attending ANC and the factors influencing ANC attendance in the MHA. Materials and Methods: This was a community based, analytical, cross sectional survey that involved pregnant women and women with children less than two years old who gave an informed consent or assent. Data were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. EPI info Version 7 and stat Pac for Windows version 12??1998-2011 (stat Pac Inc, Bloomington, UsA) were used for data analysis. Associations were considered statistically significant for p values less than 0.05. Results: Two hundred and twenty women were interviewed. The mean age was 25 years (sD 5.28). Ninety-nine percent of women had at least one ANC visit meanwhile 84.8% had at least four ANC visits. Only 27.2% of women booked for ANC in the first trimester. Rural (Maumu) residence was associated with inappropriate ANC attendance (attending less than four times) (χ2?= 18.5;p = 0.001). semi urban women (87%;95% C.I. = 85.10% - 89.0%) were more likely to attend four or more sessions than rural (Maumu) women (60.7%;95% C.I. = 44.2% - 77.3%) (p = 0.001). Participant’s educational level was a significant predictor of early booking for ANC (χ2?= 26.8;p = 0.0002). semi urban wom- en (79.1%;95% C.I. = 76.0% - 82.2%) were significantly more likely to have a vaginal examination done than rural (Maumu) women (42.1%;95% C.I. = 17.5% - 68.2%) (p = 0.0001). Women who met a doctor during ANC (84.0%;95% C.I. = 80.8% - 87.0%) were more likely to have a vaginal examination done than women who onl

关键词： Assessment Utilization Antenatal Care Preferences Buea

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脂肪来源干细胞在神经元媒介中的增殖和分泌蛋白质功能的研究

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中国美容整形外科杂志 2015年第10期26卷 I0017-I0018页

作者： Derek Banyard Tadeu s. Ferreira Alan D. Widgerow gregory R.D. Evans 叶美辰高景恒张晨袁继龙美国加利福尼亚州橙县欧文市加利福尼亚大学《中国美容整形外科杂志》编辑部大连大学附属新华医院整形外科辽宁省人民医院整形外科

目的现有的证据证明脂肪来源干细胞（ADsCs）在促进组织再生中起到旁分泌的作用。此外，体内和体外实验表明，加入未分化和神经分化的ADsCs能提高神经功能和再生。本研究中，我们假设ADsCs能在神经元培养基中存活，且细胞能分泌细胞因... 详细信息

目的现有的证据证明脂肪来源干细胞（ADsCs）在促进组织再生中起到旁分泌的作用。此外，体内和体外实验表明，加入未分化和神经分化的ADsCs能提高神经功能和再生。本研究中，我们假设ADsCs能在神经元培养基中存活，且细胞能分泌细胞因子，促进伤口愈合和神经再生能力。方法将人脂肪提取物进行胶原酶消化得到基质血管成分（sVF）。然后按照国际生物治疗协会指南采用标准的细胞培养技术将ADsCs从sVF中分离出来。将ADsCs在不同浓度的24和96孔胚胎运动神经元培养基（NBM）或施万细胞培养基中培养16d，并设立对照组（CM）。2-（2-甲氧基4硝苯基）-3-（4-硝苯基）-5-（2，4-二磺基苯）-2H-四唑单钠盐（WsT-8）试验测定不同细胞群的增殖数量。细胞分泌的VEGF、HGF和bFGF用多元ELIsA阵列系统进行测定。结果流式细胞仪分析对ADsC表型进行分析，检测到表面标记物CD73（99．9％）、CD90（84．3％）和CD105（92．6％）活性强，并能分化成脂肪细胞、成骨细胞和成软骨细胞。ADsCs在5％sCM组，25％、50％和100％NBM组的增殖与对照组一致（P〉0．05）。培养2d，ADsCs在100％sCM组与对照组相比，分泌的bFGF较多（1164．8：131．9pg／m1），在培养6d时，50％NBM组表达的最多（1892．2：78．1pg／m1）。在第6天时，除了100％NBM组，其他组HCF都不再增加（695．9±22．2Pg／m1）。在第8天时，50％NBM组表达的VEGF最多（230．0：0．3Pg／m1）。结论我们的研究结果表明，ADsCs不仅能在神经元培养基中存活，还能分泌细胞因子促进伤口愈合和神经再生。无论是在CM、sCM还是NBM中，ADsCs的增殖不受影响，然而，我们观察到，在第6、8天时，HGF、bFGF和VEGF的表达显著增加，特别是在NBM组中。这个数据表明，ADsCs能分泌出促进再生所需的细胞因子。

关键词：脂肪来源干细胞神经元旁分泌蛋白质功能增殖 ADsCs 分泌细胞因子细胞培养基

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systemic evidence of acute seizureassociated elevation in serum neuronal injury biomarker in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

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Acta Epileptologica 2019年第1期1卷 3-17页

作者： shailaja Kunda Reghann G.LaFrance-Corey Fatemeh Khadjevand gregory A.Worrell Charles L.Howe Department of Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA. Translational Neuroimmunology Lab Mayo ClinicGuggenheim 15-42C200 First St SWRochesterMN 55905USA. Epilepsy and Neurophysiology Lab Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA. Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA. Center for Multiple sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905USA.

Background:Patients with drug refractory temporal lobe epilepsy frequently accumulate cognitive impairment over time,suggesting loss of neurons induced by *** objective was to determine whether there is a temporal association between changes in serum levels of neural injury markers and electroencephalographic(EEG)evidence of seizures and interictal ***:We measured serum levels of neuron-specific enolase(NsE),a neuronal injury marker,relative to levels of s100β,a marker of glial injury,at 6 AM,9 AM,noon,3 PM,and 6 PM over the course of several days in 7 epilepsy patients undergoing continuous video-EEG monitoring and in 4 healthy ***:All epilepsy patients exhibited significant deviations in NsE levels through time,and 4 of the epilepsy patients exhibited large sample entropy values and large signal variation metrics for NsE relative to s100β.Controls did not exhibit such *** analysis revealed that NsE levels were significantly elevated after *** was also a highly significant relationship between increased EEG spike frequency and an increase in serum NsE levels measured 24 h ***:The detection of large but transient post-ictal increases in NsE suggests that even self-limited seizures may cause an injury to neurons that underlies cognitive decline in some *** this study used a small patient population,the pilot findings suggest that post-ictal assessment of serum NsE may serve as a biomarker for measuring the efficacy of future acute neuroprotective strategies in epilepsy patients.

关键词： Neuroprotection Neuron-specific enolase Biomarker Temporal lobe epilepsy Entropy spike frequency

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优越的场所:美国城市中的种族、不平衡发展和机会的分布

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国际城市规划 2007年第2期22卷 13-25页

作者： gregory D.squires Charis E.Kubrin 周江评美国乔治华盛顿大学社会学系美国加州大学洛杉矶分校

本文揭示了坏社区的根源及其给本社区及其所在区域居民带来的代价,并跟踪了近期不平衡的大城市发展格局、造成这些格局的社会力量以及这些格局所带来的恶果和潜在的对策。文章证明了城市蔓延、贫困集中度和种族隔离的交织过程,如何影响... 详细信息

本文揭示了坏社区的根源及其给本社区及其所在区域居民带来的代价,并跟踪了近期不平衡的大城市发展格局、造成这些格局的社会力量以及这些格局所带来的恶果和潜在的对策。文章证明了城市蔓延、贫困集中度和种族隔离的交织过程,如何影响了美国城市和大都市地区的人口所面临的机会结构。在承认个人选择和人力资本的作用同时,文章更关注公共政策决策和相关的私营部门活动以及它们如何决定了场所和种族对大都市区机会结构的影响。最后,文章探索了各种可以用来切断美国城市社区场所、种族和权利之间联系的备选政策。

关键词：美国城市种族场所平衡发展城市社区大都市区城市发展社会力量

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“One Health”和人兽共患病

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热带医学杂志 2014年第6期14卷 832-835页

作者：丁小满 gregory Charles.Gray 陆家海中山大学公共卫生学院热带病防治研究教育部重点实验室广东省重大传染病预防和控制技术研究中心广东广州510080 Department of Environmental and Global Health College of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity of Florida Gainesville Florida U.S.A.

"One Health"是一个新的涉及多学科、跨领域的研究方法和理念,它是针对人类、动物和环境卫生保健等各个方面的一个跨学科协作和交流的全球拓展战略,致力于结合人类医学、兽医学和环境科学以改善人和动物的生存、生活质量。近年来人兽共... 详细信息

"One Health"是一个新的涉及多学科、跨领域的研究方法和理念,它是针对人类、动物和环境卫生保健等各个方面的一个跨学科协作和交流的全球拓展战略,致力于结合人类医学、兽医学和环境科学以改善人和动物的生存、生活质量。近年来人兽共患病的疫情在世界各地有所回升,对人类和动物的生存都构成了极大威胁。为此,很多国家和地区已开始应用"One Health"理念来解决人兽共患病问题。本文以畜牧业中发生的人兽共患病为立足点,阐明如何利用"One Health"方法解决人兽共患病问题及其产生的巨大成效。

关键词： “One Health” 人兽共患病

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