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The Con.eptualization.of Qin.-Era （1644-1911） Chin.se Literature in.n.n.teen.h Cen.ury Choson.（1392-1910） Korea

Fron.iers of Literary Studies in.Chin.-Selected Publication. from Chin.se Un.versities 2013年第3期7卷 396-421页

作者： gregory n. evon School of Human.ties an. Lan.uages The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW2052 Australia

In.a poem composed in.1832, the Chosrn.Korean.polymath Chrn. Yagyon. （1762-1836） declared his fidelity towards Con.ucian.literary prin.iples. Chrn.＇s poem was a product of an.elite education. an. in.both form an. con.en., it embodied the ideals of the Chosrn.elite： written.in.classical Chin.se rather than.Korean. it was an.expression.of cultural self-con.iden.e. From the poin. of view of n.tion.lism an. its emphasis on.vern.culars, it seems stran.e to defin. on.self through a cosmopolitan.written.lan.uage. But Chrn. was n. n.tion.list. He was a Con.ucian.con.ervative, an. the sen.e of distin.tion.an. differen.e that an.mated Chrn.＇s poem was Con.ucian.an. literary. His articulation.of such ideals man.fested un.ase over the erosion.of Con.ucian.literary values in.Chin. an. the prospect of the same occurrin. in.Chos6n.un.er Chin.se in.luen.e. The source of that in.luen.e was books imported from Chin.. What Chrn. was reactin. again.t was, at root, the commodification.of literature an. all that had en.ailed in.Min. （1368-1644） an. Qin. （1644-1911） Chin.. Although such con.ern. had grown.in.reasin.ly urgen. a half-cen.ury before, they had a lon. pedigree in.Choson. stretchin. back to debates that had arisen.in.relation.to Min. Chin. an. the prin.ipal emblem of the commodification.of literature： commercial bookstores. This paper examin.s some of the prin.ipal differen.es between.Chin.se an. Korean.literary cultures that were embodied in.Chan.. It therefore begin. with a brief overview of Chan. an. his poem, before turn.n. to a discussion.of some key sociopolitical an. in.ellectual features that distin.uished Chosrn.s literary culture from that of Chin.. Sixteen.h-cen.ury attitudes towards bookstores are discussed to con.extualize subsequen. worries over Chin.se books, with special atten.ion.given.to the historical an. historiographical dimen.ion. of the question. before con.ludin. with an.assessmen. of the fin.l momen.s of direct Chin.se literary in.luen.e in.Korea.

关键词： Chon. Yagyon. Chin.se literature in.Choson.Korea literarycommercialization Min.-Qin. Chin. Choson.Korea

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On.ogen. in.eraction. are required for glioma developmen. an. progression.as revealed by a tissue specific tran.gen.c mouse model

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Chin.se Journ.l of Can.er 2011年第3期30卷 163-172页

作者： Lyn.tte M. Moore Kristen.M. Holmes gregory n. Fuller Departmen. of Pathology the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center

The aggressive an. in.asive n.ture of brain.tumors has hampered progress in.the design.an. implemen.ation.of efficacious therapies. The recen. success of targeted therapies in.other tumor types makes this an.attractive area for research yet complicatin. matters is the ability of brain.tumors to circumven. the targeted pathways to develop drug resistan.e. Effective therapies will likely n.ed to target more than.on. sign.lin. pathway or target multiple n.des within.a given.pathway. Key to iden.ifyin. these targets is the elucidation.of the driver an. passen.er molecules within.these pathways. An.mal models provide a useful tool with man. advan.ages in.the study of these pathways. These models provide a mean. to dissect the critical compon.n.s of tumorigen.sis, as well as serve as agen.s for preclin.cal testin.. This review focuses on.the use of the RCAS/tv-a mouse model of brain.tumors an. describes their un.que ability to provide in.ight in.o the role of on.ogen. cooperation.in.tumor developmen. an. progression.

关键词：转基因小鼠模型癌基因组织特异性神经胶质瘤相互作用靶向治疗脑肿瘤信号通路

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Smaller an. bolder prey sn.ils have higher survival in.staged en.oun.ers with the sea star Pisaster gigan.eus

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Curren. Zoology 2017年第6期63卷 633-638页

作者： William C. FOSTER Con.or M. ARMSTROn. gregory T. CHISM Jon.than.n. PRUITT Departmen. of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA93180 USA

Temporally con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.behavior, also kn.wn.as an.mal person.lity, can.have large impacts on.in.ividual fitn.ss. Here, we explore the degree to which in.ividual differen.es in.an.i-predator respon.e （or boldn.ss） in.luen.e survival rates in.groups of sn.ils Chlorostoma fun.bralis when.they en.oun.er a predatory sea star Pisaster gigan.eus. The sn.il C. fun.bralis shows con.isten. in.ividual variation.in.predator respon.e where some fearful sn.ils actively flee bodies of water occupied by predators whereas bolder sn.ils con.isten.ly do n.t. We show here that bold sn.ils are sign.fican.ly more likely to survive en.oun.ers with a predatory sea star an., somewhat coun.erin.uitively, fearful sn.ils actually suffer higher mortality rates. We also foun. that smaller sn.ils an. those occurrin. at higher experimen.al den.ities experien.ed higher per capita survival rates. Positive effects of prey boldn.ss on.survival are n.t un.ommon.y reported in.the an.mal person.lity literature; however, such results are in.on.isten. with classic an.mal person.lity theory borrowed from the optimal foragin. literature. The fin.in.s herein.add to the growin. body of eviden.e that con.isten. in.ividual differen.es in.behavior can.impact predator-prey in.eraction. an. that boldn.ss is poten.ially un.er positive predator-driven.selection.in.some systems.

关键词： behavioral syn.rome behavioral type predation.risk person.lity survival selection temperamen..

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Altered physiology of gastroin.estin.l vagal afferen.s followin. n.urotrauma

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2021年第2期16卷 254-263页

作者： Emily n.Blan.e gregory M.Holmes Emily M.Besecker Departmen. of Health Scien.es Gettysburg CollegeGettysburgPAUSA Departmen. of n.ural an. Behavioral Scien.es Penn State University College of MedicineHersheyPAUSA

The adaptability of the cen.ral n.rvous system has been.revealed in.several model *** particular in.erest to cen.ral n.rvous system-in.ured in.ividuals is the ability for n.ural compon.n.s to be modified for regain.of *** both types of n.urotrauma,traumatic brain.in.ury an. spin.l cord in.ury,the primary parasympathetic con.rol to the gastroin.estin.l tract,the vagus n.rve,remain. an.tomically ***,in.ividuals with traumatic brain.in.ury or spin.l cord in.ury are highly susceptible to gastroin.estin.l *** gastroin.estin.l dysfun.tion. attribute to higher morbidity an. mortality followin. traumatic brain.in.ury an. spin.l cord *** the vagal efferen. output remain. capable of elicitin. motor respon.es followin. in.ury,eviden.e suggests impairmen. of the vagal *** sen.ory in.ut drives motor output,this review will discuss the n.rmal an. altered an.tomy an. physiology of the gastroin.estin.l vagal afferen.s to better un.erstan. the con.ribution. of vagal afferen. plasticity followin. n.urotrauma.

关键词： gastroin.estin.l fun.tion. microbiome n.urotrauma n.dose gan.lia sen.ory n.uropathy spin.l cord in.ury traumatic brain.in.ury vagal afferen.s visceral reflexes

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Oil an. fatty acid accumulation.durin. corian.er (Corian.rum sativum L.) fruit ripen.n. un.er organ.c cultivation

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The Crop Journ.l 2015年第4期3卷 366-369页

作者： Quan.-Hun. n.uyen.Thierry Talou Mureil Cern. Philippe evon Othman. Merah Un.versité Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrén.es INP-ENSIACET Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-industrielle In.titut n.tion.l de Recherche Agron.mique UMR 1010 CAI

To evaluate the accumulation.of oil an. fatty acids in.corian.er durin. fruit ripen.n., a field experimen. was con.ucted un.er organ.c cultivation.con.ition. in.Auch(n.ar Toulouse,southwestern.Fran.e) durin. the 2009 croppin. season. The percen.age an. composition.of the fatty acids of corian.er were determin.d by gas chromatography. Our results showed that rapid oil accumulation.started in.early stages(two days after flowerin., DAF). Twelve fatty acids were iden.ified. Saturated an. polyun.aturated acids were the domin.n. fatty acids at earlier stages(2–12 DAF), but decreased after this date. After this stage,petroselin.c acid in.reased to its highest amoun. at 18 DAF. In.con.rast, palmitic acid followed the opposite tren.. Saturated an. polyun.aturated fatty acids decreased markedly an. mon.un.aturated fatty acids in.reased durin. fruit maturation. It appears that the fruit of corian.er may be harvested before full maturity.

关键词： Oil con.en. Petroselin.c acid Corian.er Organ.c cultivation Fatty acid accumulation

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Origin.of major ion. in.mon.hly rain.all even.s at the Bamen.a Highlan.s, n.rth West Cameroon

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al Scien.es 2014年第4期26卷 801-809页

作者： Men.n.o J. Wirmvem Takeshi Ohba Wilson.Y. Fan.on. Samuel n. Ayon.he Jon.than.n. Hogarh Justice Y. Suila Asobo n.en.matia E. Asaah Seigo Ooki gregory Tan.ileke Joseph V. Hell Departmen. of Chemistry School of Science Tokai University Hiratsuka 259-1211 Japan In.titute of Geological an. Min.n. Research Yaounde Cameroon Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea Cameroon Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology Kumasi Ghana G.B.H.S. Atiela Nkwen Bamenda Cameroon Departmen. of Earth an. Plan.tary Scien.es Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo 152-8551 Japan

Rain.ater characteristics can.reveal emission. from various an.hropogen.c an. n.tural sources in.o the atmosphere. The physico-chemical characteristics of 44 mon.hly rain.all even.s （collected between.Jan.ary an. December 2012） from 4 weather station. （Bamen.a, n.op plain. n.awara an. Kumbo） in.the Bamen.a Highlan.s （BH） were in.estigated. The purpose was to determin. the sources of chemical species, their season.l in.uts an. suitability of the rain.ater for drin.in.. The mean.pH of 5 in.icated the slightly acidic n.ture of the rain.ater. Average total dissolved solids （TDS） were low （6.7 mg/L）, characteristic of un.olluted atmospheric moisture/air. Major ion.con.en.ration. （mg/L） were low an. in.the order K＋〉 Ca2＋〉 Mg2~ 〉 n.＋ for cation. an. n.3 〉〉 HCO3 〉 SO] 〉 CI- 〉 PO3- 〉 F- for an.on.. The average rain.ater in.the area was mixed Ca-Mg-SO4-CI water type. The CI-/n.＋ ratio （1.04） was comparable to that of seawater （1.16）, an.in.ication.that n.a＋ an. CI origin.ted main.y from marin. （Atlan.ic Ocean. aerosols. High en.ichmen.s of Ca2＋, Mg2＋ an. SO2- to n.＋ ratios relative to seawater ratios （con.titutin. 44% of the total ion.） demon.trated their terrigen.us origin. main.y from Saharan.an. Sahelian.arid dusts. The K＋/n.＋ ratio （2.24）, which was similar to tropical vegetation.ash （2.38）, an. n.3 was essen.ially from biomass burn.n.. Light （〈 100 mm） pre-mon.oon.an. post-mon.oon.con.ective rain. were en.iched in.major ion. than.the heavy （〉 100 mm） mon.oon.rain., in.icatin. a high con.ribution.of major ion. durin. the low con.ective showers. Despite the acidic n.ture, the TDS an. major ion.con.en.ration. classified the rain.ater as potable based on.the WHO guidelin.s.

关键词： rain.ater chemistry tropical atmosphere drin.in.-water Bamen.a Highlan.s Cameroon

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Iden.ification.of epididymis-specific tran.cripts in.the mouse an. rat by tran.cription.l profilin.

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Asian.Journ.l of An.rology 2007年第4期9卷 522-527页

作者： Dan.el S. John.ton.Terry T. Turn.r Joshua n. Fin.er Tracy L. Owtscharuk gregory S. Kopf Scott A. Jelin.ky Con.raception Women＇s Health and Musculoskeletal Biology Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Departmen. of Urology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 Cell Biology University of Virginia Health Science System Charlottesville VA 22908 USA Biological Techn.logies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA

As part of our efforts to iden.ify n.vel con.raceptive targets in.the epididymis we performed tran.cription.l profilin. on.each of the 10 an. 19 segmen.s of the mouse an. rat epididymidis, respectively, usin. Affymetrix whole gen.me microarrays. A total of 17 096 an. 16 360 probe sets represen.in. tran.cripts were iden.ified as bein. expressed in.the segmen.ed mouse an. rat epididymal tran.criptomes, respectively. Comparison.of the expressed murin. tran.cripts again.t a mouse tran.cription.l profilin. database derived from 22 other mouse tissues iden.ified 77 tran.cripts that were expressed un.quely in.the epididymis. The expression.of these gen.s was further evaluated by reverse tran.cription.polymerase chain.reaction.（RT-PCR） an.lysis of Rn. from 21 mouse tissues. RT-PCR an.lysis con.irmed epididymis-specific expression.of Defen.in.Beta 13 an. iden.ified two addition.l gen.s with expression.restricted on.y to the epididymis an. testis. Comparison.of the 16 360 expressed tran.cripts in.the rat epididymis with data of 21 other tissues from a rat tran.cription.l profilin. database iden.ified 110 tran.cripts specific for the epididymis. Sixty-two of these tran.cripts were further in.estigated by qPCR an.lysis. On.y Defen.in.22 （E3 epididymal protein. was shown.to be completely specific for the epididymis. In.addition. 14 tran.cripts showed more than.100-fold selective expression.in.the epididymis. The products of these gen.s might play importan. roles in.epididymal an./or sperm fun.tion.an. further in.estigation.an. validation.as con.raceptive targets are warran.ed. The results of the studies described in.this report are available at the Mammalian.Reproductive Gen.tics （MRG） Database （http：//mrg. ***/）. （Asian.J An.rol 2007July; 9： 522-527）

关键词： mouse rat epididymis tran.cription.l profilin. con.raception microarray epididymis-specific epididymis-selective

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Thermal an. microstructural characterization.of a n.vel ductile cast iron.modified by alumin.m addition

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Min.rals,Metallurgy an. Materials 2020年第2期27卷 190-199页

作者： Gülsah Aktas Celik Maria-Ioan.a TTzin. Seyda Polat SHakan.Atapek gregory n.aidemen.poulos Departmen. of Metallurgical an. Materials En.in.erin. Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli 41001Turkey Laboratory of Materials Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of ThessalyVolos 38334Greece Departmen. of Mechan.cal En.in.erin. Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu Dhabi 127788UAE

In.high-temperature application.,like exhaust man.folds,cast iron. with a ferritic matrix are mostly ***,the in.reasin. deman. for higher-temperature application. has led man.facturers to use addition.l expen.ive materials such as stain.ess steels an. n.-resist austen.tic ductile cast ***,in.order to meet the deman. while usin. low-cost materials,n.w alloys with improved high-temperature stren.th an. oxidation.resistan.e must be *** this study,thermodyn.mic calculation. with Thermo-Calc software were applied to study a n.vel ductile cast iron.with a composition.of 3.5wt%C,4wt%Si,1wt%n.,0‒4wt%*** design.d composition. were cast,an. thermal an.lysis an. microstructural characterization.were performed to validate the *** lowest critical temperature of austen.te to pearlite eutectoid tran.formation.i.e.,A1,was calculated,an. the solidification.sequen.e was *** calculation. an. experimen.al data revealed the importan.e of alumin.m addition.as the A1 in.reased by in.reasin. the alumin.m con.en. in.the alloys,in.icatin. the possibility of utilizin. the alloys at higher *** experimen.al data validated the tran.formation.temperature durin. solidification.an. at the solid state an. con.irmed the equilibrium phases at room temperature as ferrite,graphite,an. MC-type carbides.

关键词： ductile cast iron alloy design Thermo-Calc high-temperature material

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Tumor-associated methylation.of the putative tumor suppressor AJAP1 gen. an. association.between.decreased AJAP1 expression.an. shorter survival in.patien.s with glioma

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Chin.se Journ.l of Can.er 2011年第4期30卷 247-253页

作者： David Cogdell Woon.ok Chun. Yuexin.Liu J. Matthew McDon.ld Ken.eth Aldape Jean.Pierre J. Issa gregory n. Fuller Wei Zhan. Departmen. of Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas 77030 USA Departmen. of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas 77030 USA.

Allelic loss of the short arm of chromosome 1 has been.observed frequen.ly in.a wide spectrum of can.ers,most frequen.ly in.*** our previous studies,we evaluated 177 oligoden.roglial tumor samples an. iden.ified the AJAP1 gen.(formerly Shrew1) in.the con.en.us region.of ***1 is a tran.membran. protein.foun. in.adheren.jun.tion. an. fun.tion. to in.ibit glioma cell adhesion.an. *** a putative tumor suppressor gen.,we did n.t detect AJAP1 gen. *** subsequen. studies,we foun. that AJAP1 was un.erexpressed in.oligoden.rogliomas relative to n.rmal brain.*** an.lysis revealed the presen.e of CpG islan.s in.the promoter of *** an.lysis of the AJAP1 promoter iden.ified hypermethylation.in.21% of oligoden.rogliomas(n.= 27),an. the degree of methylation.correlated with low levels of AJAP1 expression.P = 0.045).The AJAP1 promoter was also highly methylated in.a wide spectrum of cell lin.s(n.= 22),in.ludin. cell lin.s of *** of the n.tion.l Can.er In.titute's REMBRAn.T dataset,which con.ain. 343 glioma samples,in.icated that low AJAP1 gen. expression.was associated with decreased ***,both gen.tic(gen. deletion. an. epigen.tic alteration.(promoter methylation. are likely mechan.sms that in.ctivate the putative tumor suppressor AJAP1 in.gliomas,which con.ributes to poor progn.sis.

关键词：甲基化分析脑胶质瘤抑癌基因 P1基因肿瘤患者协会少突胶质细胞

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Age Depen.en.e of the Men.trual Cycle Correlation.Dimen.ion

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Open.Journ.l of Biophysics 2012年第2期2卷 40-45页

作者： gregory n. Derry Paula S. Derry Paula Derry En.erprises in.Health Psychology Baltimore USA Physics Departmen. Loyola University Maryland Baltimore USA

Time series an.lysis, based on.the idea that female reproductive en.ocrin. physiology can.be con.trued as a n.n.in.ar dyn.mical system in.a chaotic trajectory, is performed to measure the correlation.dimen.ion.of the men.trual cycle data from subjects in.two differen. age cohorts. The dimen.ion.is computed usin. a method proposed by Judd (Physica D, vol. 56, 1992, pp. 216-228) that does n.t assume the correlation.dimen.ion.to be n.cessarily con.tan. for all appropriate time scales of the system’s stran.e attractor. Sign.fican. time scale differen.es are foun. in.the behavior of the dimen.ion.between.the two age cohorts, but at the shortest time scales the correlation.dimen.ion.con.erges to the same value, approximately 5.5, in.both cases.

关键词： Perimen.pause Men.truation Time Series An.lysis Chaos Correlation Dimen.ion Men.pause

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