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Pri.ary ci.i. as a novel hori.on between neuron and envi.onment

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2017年第8期12卷 1225-1230页

作者： gregory W.Ki.schen Qi.oji. Xi.ng Medi.al Sci.nti.t Trai.i.g Program Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA Department of Neurobi.logy & Behavi.r Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

The pri.ary ci.i.m, a hai.-li.e sensory organelle found on most mammali.n cells, has gai.ed recent attenti.n wi.hi. the fi.ld of neurosci.nce. Although neural pri.ary ci.i. have been known to play a role i. embryoni. central nervous system patterni.g, we are just begi.ni.g to appreci.te thei. i.portance i. the mature organi.m. After several decades of i.vesti.ati.n and controversy, the neural pri.ary ci.i.m i. emergi.g as an i.portant regulator of neuroplasti.i.y i. the healthy adult central nervous system. Further, pri.ary ci.i. have recently been i.pli.ated i. di.ease states such as cancer and epi.epsy. i.tri.ui.gly, whi.e pri.ary ci.i. are expressed throughout the central nervous system, thei. structure, receptors, and si.nali.g pathways vary by anatomi.al regi.n and neural cell type. These di.ferences li.ely bear relevance to both thei. homeostati. and neuropathologi.al functi.ns, although much remai.s to be uncovered. i. thi. revi.w, we provi.e a bri.f hi.tori.al overvi.w of neural pri.ary ci.i. and hi.hli.ht several key advances i. the fi.ld over the past few decades. We then set forth a proposed research agenda to fi.l i. the gaps i. our knowledge regardi.g how the pri.ary ci.i.m functi.ns and malfuncti.ns i. nervous ti.sue, wi.h the ulti.ate goal of targeti.g thi. sensory structure for neural repai. followi.g i.jury.

关键词： G protei.-coupled receptor soni. hedgehog sei.ure stroke stem cell neurogenesi. plasti.i.y

3D ti.sue engi.eeri.g,an emergi.g techni.ue for pharmaceuti.al research

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Acta Pharmaceuti.a Si.i.a B 2018年第5期8卷 756-766页

作者： gregory Jensen Chri.ti.n Morri.l Yu Huang Department of Bi.logi.al Engi.eeri.g Utah State University

Ti.sue engi.eeri.g and the ti.sue engi.eeri.g model have shown promi.e i. i.provi.g methods of drug deli.ery, drug acti.n, and drug di.covery i. pharmaceuti.al research for the attenuati.n of the central nervous system i.flammatory response. Such i.flammati.n contri.utes to the lack of regenerati.e abi.i.y of neural cells, as well as the temporary and permanent loss of functi.n associ.ted wi.h neurodegenerati.e di.eases such as Alzhei.er's di.ease, Parki.son's di.ease, and traumati. brai. i.jury. Thi. revi.w i. focused speci.i.ally on the recent advances i. the ti.sue engi.eeri.g model made by alteri.g scaffold bi.physi.al and bi.chemi.al properti.s for use i. the treatment of neurodegenerati.e di.eases. A porti.n of thi. arti.le wi.l also be spent on the revi.w of recent progress made i. extracellular matri. decellulari.ati.n as a new and i.novati.e scaffold for di.ease treatment.

关键词： Ti.sue engi.eeri.g Decellulari.ati.n Neurodegenerati.e di.ease Drug screeni.g Neuroi.flammati.n 3D cell culture

Si.ve element occlusi.n provi.es resi.tance agai.st Aphi. gossypi. i. TGR-1551 melons

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i.sect Sci.nce 2020年第1期27卷 33-48页

作者： Hsuan-Chi.h Peng gregory P.Walker Department of Mi.robi.logy and Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA Department of Entomology University of CaliforniaRiversideCaliforniaUSA

Feedi.g behavi.r and plant response to feedi.g were studi.d for the aphi. Aphi. gossypi. Glover on suscepti.le and resi.tant melons(*** and TGR-1551,respecti.ely).Average phloem phase bout durati.n on TGR-1551 wasi.n on ***-seven percent of aphi.s on TGR-1551 never produced a phloem phase that attai.ed i.gesti.n(EPG waveform E2)i. contrast to only 7% of aphi.s on *** bout durati.n of waveform E2(scored as zero i. phloem phase di. not attai. E2)on TGR-1551 wasi.n on ***,average bout durati.n of EPG waveform el(si.ve element sali.ati.n)was 2.8 ti.es greater on TGR-1551 than on *** a second experi.ent,li.ui. ni.rogen was used to rapi.ly cryofi. leaves and aphi.s wi.hi. a few mi.utes after the aphi.s penetrated a si.ve *** near the penetrati.n si.e was then exami.ed by confocal laser scanni.g ***-si. percent of penetrated si.ve elements were occluded by protei. i. TGR-1551 i. contrast to only 28% i. *** i. TGR-1551,occlusi.n was also observed i. nearby nonpenetrated si.ve ***,a calci.m channel blocker,tri.alent lanthanum,was used to prevent phloem occlusi.n i. TGR-1551,and *** feedi.g behavi.r and the plants phloem response were compared between lanthanum-treated and control *** treatment eli.i.ated the si.ve element protei. occlusi.n response and the aphi.s readi.y i.gested phloem sap from treated *** study provi.es strong evi.ence that phloem occlusi.n i. a mechani.m for resi.tance agai.st *** i. TGR-1551.

关键词： aphi. feedi.g behavi.r Aphi. gossypi. Cucumi. melo i.sect-plant resi.tance phloem occlusi.n si.ve element occlusi.n protei.s

The enduri.g li.k between forest cover and rai.fall： a hi.tori.al perspecti.e on sci.nce and poli.y di.cussi.ns

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 53-61页

作者： Brett M. Bennett gregory A. Barton School of Humani.i.s and Communi.ati.n Arts Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Hi.tori.al Studi.s Faculty of HumanitiesUniversity of JohannesburgC-Ring 2-Orange Block(Kingsway Campus)Corner Kingsway and University RoadAuckland ParkSouth Africa

Background： Thi. arti.le traces the hi.tory of sci.nti.i. i.eas connecti.g forest cover wi.h rai.fall to i.form ongoi.g debates about whether forests are net users or producers of water i. the hydrologi.al cycle. Scholars of the supply-si.e school argue that forests are net producers and magni.i.rs that i.crease rai.fall at regi.nal scales. Supply-si.e scholars seek to challenge the domi.ance of demand-si.e thi.ki.g. The demand-si.e school emphasi.es that trees are net users of water wi.hi. a catchment that decrease overall water avai.able for other users. Thi. sci.nti.i. debate has si.ni.i.ant i.pli.ati.ns for the development of poli.i.s to manage forests and water. Results： Sci.nti.ts have debated the questi.n of whether forests i.prove or worsen water balance for over two hundred years. Connecti.ns between forests and rai.fall gai.ed promi.ence i. sci.nti.i. ci.cles duri.g the second half of the ni.eteenth century and agai. duri.g the past three decades. The populari.y of forest- rai.fall connecti.ns has paralleled soci.tal and sci.nti.i. i.terest i. anthropogeni. cli.ate change and deforestati.n. Theori.s connecti.g forests wi.h rai.fall peaked i. populari.y i. the 1850s to 1880s, a peri.d when sci.nti.ts expressed alarm that deforestati.n caused regi.nal decli.es i. preci.i.ati.n. Forests were understood to create rai. wi.hi. a locali.y and regi.n. Sci.nti.i. consensus shi.ted by the early twenti.th century to the vi.w that forests di. not play a si.ni.i.ant role i. determi.i.g rai.fall. The forest-rai.fall connecti.n reemerged i. the 1980s alongsi.e advances i. cli.ate modelli.g and growi.g fears of anthropogeni. global warmi.g and tropi.al deforestati.n. Usi.g new data and theori.s, supply-si.e advocates have once agai. placed a strong forest-rai.fall connecti.n i.to sci.nti.i. promi.ence. Conclusi.n： Supply-si.e management poli.i.s have a checkered hi.tory that should eli.i. cauti.n, whi.e demand-si.e poli.i.s, whi.h are based on almost a century of hydrolog

关键词： Cli.ate change Envi.onmental hi.tory Forests Hydrology Rai. Water

Dynami. Modeli.g, Testi.g, and Stabi.i.y Analysi. of an Orni.hopti. Bli.p

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Journal of Bi.ni. Engi.eeri.g 2011年第4期8卷 375-386页

作者： John Di.tl Thomas Herrmann gregory Rei.h Ephrahi. Garci. Si.ley School of Mechani.al and Aerospace Engi.eeri.g Cornell University Ithaca New York USA Ai. Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH 45433-7542 USA

i. order to study omi.hopter fli.ht and to i.prove a dynami. model of flappi.g propulsi.n, a seri.s 0f tests are conducted on a flappi.g-wi.g bli.p. The bli.p i. desi.ned and constructed from mylar plasti. and balsa wood as a test platform for aerodynami.s and fli.ht dynami.s. The bli.p, 2.3 meters long and 420 gram mass, i. propelled by i.s flappi.g wi.gs. Due to buoyancy the wi.gs have no li.t requi.ement so that the di.ti.cti.n between li.t and propulsi.n can be analyzed i. a fli.ht platform at low fli.ht speeds. The bli.p i. tested usi.g a Vi.on moti.n tracki.g system and vari.us i.i.i.l condi.i.ns are tested i.cludi.g accelerati.g fli.ht from standsti.l, decelerati.g from an i.i.i.l speed hi.her than i.s steady state, and from i.s steady-state speed but di.turbed i. pi.ch angle. Test results are used to esti.ate parameters i. a coupled quasi.steady aerodynami.s/Newtoni.n fli.ht dynami.s model. Thi. model i. then analyzed usi.g Floquet theory to determi.e local dynami. modes and stabi.i.y. i. i. concluded that the dynami. model adequately descri.es the vehi.le＇s nonli.ear behavi.r near the steady-state veloci.y and that the vehi.le＇s li.eari.ed modes are aki. to those of a fi.ed-wi.g ai.craft.

关键词： omi.hopter bli.p fli.ht dynami.s stabi.i.y analysi.

Mechani.m-di.ected combi.ati.nal i.munotherapi.s i. li.er cancer hold promi.e

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Cellular & Molecular i.munology 2023年第11期20卷 1395-1397页

作者： gregory Marshall Ji.n Cao Rutgers Cancer i.sti.ute of New Jersey New BrunswickNJ08901USA Department of Medi.i.e Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgersThe State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ08901USA

Hepatocellular carci.oma(HCC)i. the most prevalent form of pri.ary li.er cancer,and i. i. the thi.d leadi.g cause of cancer-related mortali.y *** pri.ary causes of HCC i.clude chroni. i.fecti.ns wi.h hepati.i. B vi.us... 详细信息

关键词： cancer mortali.y hepati.i.

Surgi.al di.emmas i. the management of colorectal li.er metastases: the role of ti.i.g

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 4963-4965页

作者： Di.i.ri.s Di.i.rouli. gregory Kourakli. Second Department of Surgery University of Athens Medical SchoolAthens GreeceLaiko Hospital11527 AthensGreece

Colorectal cancer(CRC) i. an emergi.g health problem i. the Western World both for i.s rai.i.g tendency as well as for i.s metastati. potenti.l. Almost half of the pati.nts wi.h CRC wi.l develop li.er metastases duri.g the course of thei. di.ease. The li.er surgeon deali.g wi.h colorectal li.er metastases faces several surgi.al di.emmas especi.lly i. the setti.g of the ti.i.g of operati.n. Synchronous resectable metastases should be treated pri.r or after i.ducti.n chemotherapy? Furthermore i. the case of synchronous colorectal li.er metastases whi.h organ should we fi.st deal wi.h, the li.er or the colon? All these questi.ns are set i. the edi.ori.l and i.pulse for further i.vesti.ati.n i. put focusi.g on multi.i.ci.li.ary approach and i.di.i.uali.ati.n of treatment modali.i.s.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Ti.i.g of surgery Colorectal li.er metastases Li.er fi.st procedure Multi.i.ci.li.ary approach i.di.i.uali.ed treatment strategi.s

Provi.i.n of nutri.nts after acute spi.al cord i.jury: the i.pli.ati.ns of feast and fami.e

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Neural Regenerati.n Research 2015年第7期10卷 1061-1062页

作者： Sarah Garber gregory Hawryluk Department of Neurosurgery University of Utah Salt Lake CityClinical Neurosciences Center

Traumati. spi.al cord i.jury（SCi.often leaves pati.nts wi.h devastati.g neurologi.al *** traumati. event–or pri.ary i.jury–can be due to mechani.ms such as compressi.n,di.tracti.n,shear,lacerati.n or（rarely）even *** SCi.pati.nts are vulnerable to progressi.e,delayed damage as a result of secondary i.sults and secondary *** i.sults such as hypoxi. and hypotensi.n occur at the level of the organi.m from a myri.d of causes.

关键词： PTP the i.pli.ati.ns of feast and fami.e Provi.i.n of nutri.nts after acute spi.al cord i.jury

Regulati.n of i.on Uptake by i.T1： Endocytosi. Pulls the Tri.ger

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Molecular Plant 2015年第7期8卷 977-979页

作者： Zelazny, Enri. Vert, gregory Uni. Pari. 11 CEA CNRS Inst Integrat Biol Cell I2BC F-91190 Gif Sur Yvette France

The past two decades of research on plant i.on nutri.i.n have completed the casti.g of the major transporters i.volved i. i.on uptake from the soi., long-di.tance transport, and i.tracellular di.tri.uti.n. Among these transporters, most of the attenti.n was gi.en to the root i.on transporter i.T1, whi.h plays a cri.i.al role i. i.on uptake from the soi. and medi.tes transport of other non-i.on metals （zi.c, manganese, cobalt, cadmi.m） under i.on-li.i.i.g condi.i.ns.

关键词： Regulati.n Uptake Endocytosi.