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The Artificial Disc Nucleus and Other Strategies for Replacement of the Nucleus Pulposus:Past,Present and Future Designs for an Emerging Surgical Solution

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Engineered Regeneration

Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 269-281页

作者： greg Sacks Vincent DeStefano Claire Parker Ryan Lebens Harry Mushlin Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA

Nucleus Pulposus(NP)Replacement is a developing surgical methodology for the treatment of pathology related to degeneration of intervertebral discs(IVDs).This article provides necessary context regarding the patholo-gies treated with this technology,the biomechanical structure and function of the IVD,and the procedures this technology aims to ***,it provides an overview and discussion of commercial and experimental preformed and in situ curing prosthesis designs reported in the scientific literature and summarizes the results of biomechanical and clinical studies evaluating their *** and updated information on the most recent research into NP replacement with novel hydrogel and tissue engineering(TE)strategies is *** of the NP allows for potential improvement in the treatment of degenerative spinal pathologies through minimally invasive surgical techniques.

关键词： Nucleus Pulposus Intradiscal Prosthesis Hydrogel Artificial Disc Implant Spine Surgery

Improving photochemical indicators for attributing ozone sensitivities in source apportionment analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 235-246页

作者： Xiaohui Du Wei Tang Zhongzhi Zhang Yang Yu Yang Li Ling Huang greg Yarwood Fan Meng Atmospheric Environment Institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China College of Water Sciences Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100857China Asia Center for Air Pollution Research United Nations Environment Programme Asia and the Pacific OfficeNishi-kuNiigata-shi 9502144Japan School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Ramboll NovatoCalifornia 94945USA

Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions(CAMx)-Decoupled Direct Method(DDM)simulations of first-order ozone(O_(3))sensitivity to nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions were performed and combined with modelled P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratios to obtain a range of thresholds for determining O_(3)-sensitivity regimes for different areas of *** the new threshold ranges for photochemical indicators,the method for determining O_(3)formation in the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology(OSAT)module within CAMx was improved by a dynamically varied threshold of P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))*** O_(3)concentration contributions in the newly added transition regime were apportioned to NO_(x)and VOCs emissions in proportion to the relationship between the P_(H_(2)O_(2))/P_(HNO_(3))ratio and first-order O_(3)*** source contributions of O_(3)concentrations from different emission sectors from June to September 2019 were compared using the original and improved *** results showed that the O_(3)concentration contributions changed significantly in the NO_(x)-limited regime,with a maximum decrease of 21.89%,while the contributions increased by up to 7.57%in the VOC-limited regime,and were within 15μg/m^(3)in the transition *** modified OSAT module enabled a more sophisticated attribution of O_(3)to precursor emissions and may have far-reaching implications for informing O_(3)pollution control policy.

关键词： O_(3) modeling O_(3)-sensitivity regimes Ozone source apportionment technology Photochemical indicators

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Exploring the effects of coronary artery disease as a preexisting comorbidity on mortality in hospitalized septic patients:a retrospective observation study

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani greg Stahl Kerry Johnson Scott Goade Robert D.Arnce College of Osteopathic Medicine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Data Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA Department of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA Department of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background:Sepsis has high prevalence and mortality rate,and it is imperative to identify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbidities are shown to have worse sepsis *** identifying comorbidities with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can direct limited resources to septic patients with comorbidities and reduce health care *** comorbidities can impact the risk of developing sepsis and having worse *** artery disease(CAD)is a common comorbidity,especially in the elderly,and a leading cause of death *** wished to investigate the influence of CAD as a comorbidity on sepsis and hypothesized that preexisting CAD would increase mortality in hospitalized septic ***:We conducted retrospective observational study using patient data from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed patient records from Freeman Health System database from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were identified using the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** identify septic patients with preexisting CAD,we used International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision codes for *** compared mortality rates for septic patients with and without ***:Two-sample proportion test was conducted to test the difference in mortality between septic patients with and without preexisting *** difference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and female subgroups,the differences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and−0.0511(P=0.208),*** differences in mortality in patients aged 40 to 64 years and 65 years and older were−0.0077(P=0.870)and 0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed to find significant differences when comparing septic patients with and without preexisting *** was no significant difference in the age and sex ***:Our study showed that CAD alone was n

关键词： Comorbidity Coronary artery disease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

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青少年抑郁个体化识别与干预的三级框架

Science Bulletin 2024年第7期69卷 867-871页

作者：周媛陈旭古若雷项玉涛 greg Hajcak 王刚 Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders&National Center for Mental DisordersBeijing Anding HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100088China CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science Institute of PsychologyBeijing 100101China Department of Psychology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Unit of Psychiatry Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration&Institute of Translational MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences University of MacaoMacao 999078China School of Education and Counseling Psychology Santa Clara UniversitySanta Clara CA 95053USA Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Depression in adolescents is a significant public health challenge with a high prevalence and negative *** the United States,the lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates of major depressive disorder(MDD)among 13-to 18-year-olds were 11.0%and 7.5%,respectively,prior to *** COVID-19pandemic has further exacerbated the global trend of increasing rates of adolescent depression.

关键词： prevalence adolescent lifetime

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Surgical management of the diabetic foot:The current evidence

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 404-417页

作者： Richard Henry Randall Roberts Gareth Rhys Davies-Jones James Brock Vaishnav Satheesh greg AJ Robertson Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Wrexham Maelor HospitalWrexham LL137TDUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic HospitalOswestry SY107AGUnited Kingdom

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications,particularly diabetic foot pathologies,poses significant healthcare challenges and economic burdens *** review synthesises current evidence on the surgical management of the diabetic foot,focusing on the interplay between neuropathy,ischemia,and infection that commonly culminates in ulcers,infections,and,in severe cases,*** escalating incidence of diabetes mellitus underscores the urgency for effective management strategies,as diabetic foot complications are a leading cause of hospital admissions among diabetic patients,significantly impacting morbidity and mortality *** review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying diabetic foot complications and further examines diabetic foot ulcers,infections,and skeletal pathologies such as Charcot arthropathy,emphasising the critical role of early diagnosis,comprehensive management strategies,and interdisciplinary care in mitigating adverse *** addressing surgical interventions,this review evaluates conservative surgeries,amputations,and reconstructive procedures,highlighting the importance of tailored approaches based on individual patient profiles and the specific characteristics of foot *** integration of advanced diagnostic tools,novel surgical techniques,and postoperative care,including offloading and infection control,are discussed in the context of optimising healing and preserving limb function.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic foot Charcot Osteomyelitis Amputation Diabetic foot attack Conservative surgery

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磁体升级助力fMRI探测神经元簇

科技纵览 2024年第3期 12-13页

作者： greg Uyeno 不详

神经科学正在向高清晰度发展。研究人员实现了一系列技术改进,极大地提高了功能性磁共振成像仪器(fMR)的空间分辨率。得益于这种技术进展,fMRI成像体素(3D像素)的每边长不到0.5毫米。这些精细粒度的体素突破了人脑结构的一个相对重要的... 详细信息

神经科学正在向高清晰度发展。研究人员实现了一系列技术改进,极大地提高了功能性磁共振成像仪器(fMR)的空间分辨率。得益于这种技术进展,fMRI成像体素(3D像素)的每边长不到0.5毫米。这些精细粒度的体素突破了人脑结构的一个相对重要的阈值,可大致达到神经元功能簇的级别。

关键词：功能性磁共振成像神经元功能神经科学体素空间分辨率高清晰度 fMRI

可再生能源发展的影响评价:加拿大西部风能影响及缓解措施的分析(上)

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环境影响评价 2024年第4期46卷 I0003-I0008页

作者： Camila Martins Godinho Bram Noble greg Poelzer Kevin Hanna 吴成志(译) 姚胜东(译) 萨斯喀彻温大学地理与规划系萨斯卡通加拿大萨斯喀彻温大学环境与可持续发展学院萨斯卡通加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学环境评估研究中心萨斯卡通加拿大三捷环境工程咨询(杭州)有限公司

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用,为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而,对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析,探讨分析了风能项目中通... 详细信息

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用,为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而,对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析,探讨分析了风能项目中通常评估的环境和社会影响以及提出的缓解方案。结果显示,包括缓解措施在内,生物物理影响与社会影响之间存在着相当大的不平衡。相比于社会影响,影响评价在生物物理影响方面包含更多的解决办法,其影响与缓解办法的比率为1∶4.3,而社会影响方面仅为1∶1.3。大多数缓解办法侧重于最大限度地减少影响,其次是避免影响,而在时间、实施方法和责任方面描述并不清晰。尽管存在共同影响,但跨项目的缓解措施过于模糊或不精确,无法支持评估中的可转移实践,无法提高效率。改进对可再生能源项目影响和缓解方案的理解,并不断在项目中积累经验,是推进影响评价在向可再生能源过渡中发挥作用的基础。

关键词：影响评价缓解层级风能可再生能源能源转型

可再生能源发展的影响评价：加拿大西部风能影响及缓解措施的分析（上）

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环境影响评价 2024年第04期 97-102页

作者： Camila Martins Godinho Bram Noble greg Poelzer Kevin Hanna 吴成志姚胜东萨斯喀彻温大学地理与规划系萨斯喀彻温大学环境与可持续发展学院不列颠哥伦比亚大学环境评估研究中心三捷环境工程咨询(杭州)有限公司

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用，为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而，对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析，探讨分析了风能项目中... 详细信息

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用，为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而，对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析，探讨分析了风能项目中通常评估的环境和社会影响以及提出的缓解方案。结果显示，包括缓解措施在内，生物物理影响与社会影响之间存在着相当大的不平衡。相比于社会影响，影响评价在生物物理影响方面包含更多的解决办法，其影响与缓解办法的比率为1∶4.3，而社会影响方面仅为1∶1.3。大多数缓解办法侧重于最大限度地减少影响，其次是避免影响，而在时间、实施方法和责任方面描述并不清晰。尽管存在共同影响，但跨项目的缓解措施过于模糊或不精确，无法支持评估中的可转移实践，无法提高效率。改进对可再生能源项目影响和缓解方案的理解，并不断在项目中积累经验，是推进影响评价在向可再生能源过渡中发挥作用的基础。

关键词：影响评价缓解层级风能可再生能源能源转型

Inferring topological transitions in pattern-forming processes with self-supervised learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1970-1981页

作者： Marcin Abram Keith Burghardt greg Ver Steeg Aram Galstyan Remi Dingreville Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90089USA Information Sciences Institute University of Southern CaliforniaMarina del ReyCA90292USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Nanostructure Physics DepartmentSandia National LaboratoriesAlbuquerqueNM87185USA

The identification of transitions in pattern-forming processes are critical to understand and fabricate microstructurally precise materials in many application *** supervised methods can be useful to identify transition regimes,they need labels,which require prior knowledge of order parameters or relevant microstructures describing these ***,we develop a self-supervised,neural-network-based approach that does not require predefined labels about microstructure classes to predict process parameters from observed *** show that assessing the difficulty of solving this inverse problem can be used to uncover microstructural *** demonstrate our approach by automatically discovering microstructural transitions in two distinct pattern-forming processes:the spinodal decomposition of a two-phase mixture and the formation of binary-alloy microstructures during physical vapor deposition of thin *** approach opens a path forward for discovering unseen or hard-to-discern transitions and ultimately controlling complex pattern-forming processes.

关键词： alloy microstructure transitions