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Integr.tive Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 2-7页

作者： grant r. singleton Lyn A. HINDS r.odes MAKUNDI Steven r. BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of Greenwich Kent UK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty Canberra ACT Australia Afr.can Centr. of Excellence for.Innovative r.dent Pest Management and Biosensor.Technology Development Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Institute of Pest Management Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

“Dur.ng r.dent outbr.ak year. in easter. Afr.ca,lo-cally,mor. than 80%of the potential har.est may be lost,but even in non-outbr.ak per.ods,r.dents cause chr.nic damage to cr.ps….The pest r.dent stor. in Afr.ca in-volves sever.l species embedded in a br.ad and var.able landscape with highly var.able densities.”(Leir. et al.2010).

关键词： damage cr.ps

Impact of fer.ility ver.us mor.ality contr.l on the demogr.phics of Mastomys natalensis in maize fields

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Integr.tive Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1028-1040页

作者： Chr.stopher.I.IMAKANDO GMandela FEr.ÁNDEZ-Gr.NDON grant r.singleton Steven r.BELMAIN Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Depar.ment of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences Copperbelt UniversityKitweZambia

The multimammate mouse,Mastomys natalensis,is the most common r.dent pest species in sub-Sahar.n ***,r.denticides ar. the pr.fer.ed method used to r.duce the population of r.dent pests,but this method poses dir.ct and indir.ct r.sks to humans and other.non-tar.et *** contr.l is a pr.mising alter.ative that has been ar.ued to be a mor. sustainable and humane method for.contr.lling r.dent *** this study,we compar.d the effectiveness of fer.ility contr.l bait EP-1(quinestr.l(E)and levonor.estr.l(P),10 ppm)and an anticoagulant r.denticide bait(br.madiolone,50 ppm)on the population dynamics of *** in maizeﬁelds in Zambia dur.ng 2 cr.pping *** was the most abundant species in maizeﬁelds(77%of total captur.s).Fer.ility contr.l r.duced the number.of juveniles and suppr.ssed population gr.wth of *** at the end of the 2019–2020 cr.pping *** population density initially decr.ased after.r.denticide tr.atment,but the population r.pidly r.cover.d thr.ugh *** of the tr.atments inﬂuenced maize damage by r.dents at ger.ination(F2,67=1.626,P=0.204).Applying the tr.atments dur.ng the maize seeding time was effective at suppr.ssing population gr.wth at the end of the cr.pping season than application the month befor. maize *** r.sear.h indicates that a single-dose deliver. of EP-1 and r.denticide have compar.ble effects on the population dynamics of ***ﬁndings ar. impor.ant in developing fer.ility contr.l pr.tocols for.r.dent pest populations to r.duce maize cr.p damage and impr.ve yields.

关键词： ecologically based r.dent management levonor.estr.l multimammate mouse quinestr.l r.dent pests r.denticide

r.pr.ductive r.sponses of r.ce field r.ts(r.ttus ar.entiventer.following tr.atment with the contr.ceptive hor.ones,quinestr.l and levonor.estr.l

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Integr.tive Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1017-1027页

作者： Alexander.M.STUAr. Nur.Aini HEr.WATI r.SNELLI SUDAr.AJI Ming LIU Zhibin ZHANG Hongjun LI grant r.singleton Lyn A.HINDS Inter.ational r.ce r.sear.h Institute–Indonesia Office BogorIndonesia Pesticide Action Networ. UK BrightonUK Indonesian Center.for.r.ce r.sear.h SukamandiIndonesia Indonesian Legume and Tuber.Cr.ps r.sear.h Institute MalangIndonesia Assessment Institute for.Agr.cultur.l Technology YogyakartaIndonesia Inter.ational Society of Zoological Sciences BeijingChina State Key Labor.tor. of Integr.ted Pest Management Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina CAS Center.for.Excellence in Biotic Inter.ctions University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Inter.ational r.ce r.sear.h Institute Los BanosPhilippines Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK CSIr. Health and Biosecur.ty CanberraACTAustralia

The r.ceﬁeld r.t,r.ttus ar.entiventer.is a signiﬁcant pest of r.ce in Southeast *** contr.l methods have the potential to pr.vide safe and effective alter.atives to contr.l methods that often include indiscr.minate use of r.denticides or.electr.c *** aim of this labor.tor. study was to assess uptake of bait coated with differ.nt concentr.tions of the contr.ceptive hor.ones,quinestr.l(E)and levonor.estr.l(P),deliver.d alone and in combination(***-1)and deter.ine the shor.-ter. effects on r.pr.ductive par.meter. of adult male and female *** Exper.ment 1,2 concentr.tions of E,P,and EP-1(10,20 ppm)wer. fed to gr.ups of wild-caught r.ts for.7 *** females,both E and EP-1 induced uter.ne *** males,EP-1 r.duced epididymis and seminal vesicle weights and lower.d sper. ***,these r.sponses wer. inconsistent due to low bait acceptance,especially with incr.asing *** Exper.ment 2,EP-1(0,20,50,100 ppm)was administer.d by or.l gavage daily for.7 days to male *** wer. signiﬁcant r.ductions in epididymal and seminal vesicle weights for.all or.l doses of EP-1,in sper. counts for.the 50 ppm dose,and in sper. motility for.the 20 and 50 ppm doses compar.d to the contr.l *** select the optimum dose of EP-1,we must addr.ss the poor.acceptance of contr.ceptive-coated baits by r.ceﬁeld *** r.sear.h is r.quir.d to impr.ve the palatability of EP-1 and to test its uptake under.eld conditions.

关键词： ecologically based r.dent management fer.ility contr.l food secur.ty pest r.ce Southeast Asia

Inter.ctions between r.dents and weeds in a lowland r.ce agr.-ecosystem:the need for.an integr.ted appr.ach to management

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Integr.tive Zoology 2019年第4期14卷 396-409页

作者： Nyo Me HTWE grant r.singleton David E.JOHNSON Plant Pr.tection Division Department of AgricultureMinistry of AgricultureLivestock and IrrigationMyanmar Inter.ational r.ce r.sear.h Institute DAPO Box 7777Metro ManilaPhilippines Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK

r.dents and weeds ar. impor.ant pests to r.ce cr.ps in Southeast *** inter.ction between these 2 major.pests is poor.y *** temper.te cer.al systems,seeds of gr.ss weeds can be an impor.ant food sour.e for.r.dents and weed cover.along cr.p mar.ins pr.vides impor.ant r.fuge for.*** 2012 and 2013,a r.plicated study(n=4)in Bago,Myanmar.compar.d 4 tr.atments(r.dents and weeds;no r.dents and weeds;r.dents and no weeds;no r.dents and no weeds)each of 0.25 ha in tr.nsplanted *** wer. managed with hand weeding in the wet season,and hand weeding and her.icides in the dr. *** fences wer. installed to exclude *** examined the weed cover.and r.lative abundance of weed species,r.dent damage,r.dent population dynamics and r.ce yield loss caused by r.dents and *** dominant r.dent species was Bandicota *** the dr. season,Cyper.s diffor.is was dominant at the tiller.ng stage and Echinochloa cr.s-galli was the dominant weed species at the booting *** the wet season ***-galli was a dominant weed thr.ughout the *** by r.dents was higher.in the dr. *** wer. lar.er.economic benefits for.best weed management and effective r.dent contr.l in the dr. season(258 US$/ha)than in the wet season(30 US$/ha).Concur.ent contr.l of weeds in and ar.und r.ce fields combined with coor.inated community tr.pping of r.dents dur.ng the ear.y tiller.ng stage and r.pening stage of r.ce ar. r.commended management options.

关键词： Bandicota bengalensis Myanmar r.ce r.dents weeds

Social and cultur.l dimensions of r.dent pest management

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Integr.tive Zoology 2007年第3期2卷 174-183页

作者： Flor.ncia G.PALIS grant singleton Zenaida SUMALDE Mahabub HOSSAIN Inter.ational r.ce r.sear.h Institute ManilaPhilippines Univer.ity of the Philippines Los Baños CollegeLagunaPhilippines

r.ce pr.duction in Vietnam is thr.atened by r.dent pests, with a significant incr.ase in impact r.por.ed fr.m 1990thr.ugh to the ear.y 21st centur.. Pr.-har.est r.ce losses ar. typically 5–10%, with losses of >20% occur.ing insome year. in some r.gions. Far.er.’ r.dent contr.l pr.ctices ar. gener.lly r.active and r.ly essentially on chemicaland physical methods. Ecologically-based r.dent pest management (EBr.) was developed in the late 1990s tomanage r.dents in r.ce-based far.ing systems in Vietnam and other.par.s of South-East Asia. EBr. combinesboth cultur.l and physical r.dent management pr.ctices such as synchr.ny of cr.pping, shor. 2-week r.t campaignsat key per.ods in key habitats, incr.asing gener.l hygiene ar.und villages, and use of a communitytr.p-bar.ier.system. Although EBr. has been r.por.ed to be economically pr.fitable, the successful adoption ofthis set of technologies r.quir.s community par.icipation. In this paper.we addr.ss issues r.lating to the adoptionand sustainability of EBr. in lowland ir.igated r.ce fields in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. We par.icular.y explor.the social and cultur.l mechanisms involved in maintaining community par.icipation to fur.her.under.tandthe conditions under.which EBr. wor.s and does not wor.. Positive indications of sustained use of community-based EBr. include: a policy pr.nouncement fr.m the pr.me minister.dir.cting the use of integr.ted r.dentmanagement;the use of existing cooper.tives for.developing community actions;budgetar. allocation fr.mpr.vincial and local gover.ments;diffusion of EBr. to pr.vinces in the south and nor.h that ar. not involved infar.er.par.icipator. field tr.als;and the adoption of EBr. by a non-gover.mental or.anization, Wor.d VisionVietnam, in their.ar.a-development pr.gr.ms.

关键词： community r.dent management cultur.l mechanisms ecological r.dent management social mechanisms

The stadium effect:r.dent damage patter.s in r.ce fields explor.d using giving-up densities

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Integr.tive Zoology 2017年第6期12卷 438-445页

作者： Clar. r.JONES r.nee P.LOr.CA James M.VILLEGAS Angelee F.r.MAL Finbar. G.HOr.AN grant r.singleton Alexander.M.STUAr. Cr.p and Envir.nmental Sciences Division International Rice Research InstituteMetro ManilaPhilippines Natur.l r.sour.es Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Centr. for.Compassionate Conser.ation University of Technology SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

r.dents ar. globally impor.ant pr.-har.est pests of *** Southeast Asia,r.dent damage to gr.wing r.ce cr.ps is commonly concentr.ted towar.s the center.of r.ce fields,away fr.m the field edge,r.sulting in a clear.patter. known as the“stadium effect.”To fur.her.under.tand this behavior.of r.dent pests and to develop r.commendations for.futur. r.sear.h and management,we examined the r.lation between giving-up densities(GUDs)and damage *** Tanay,Luzon,Philippines,GUD tr.ys containing pieces of coconut in a matr.x of sand wer. placed at 4 differ.nt distances fr.m the field edge to quantify the per.eived r.sk of pr.dation in a r.ce field pest,r.ttus *** wer. r.cor.ed dur.ng a dr. and wet season cr.p at the r.pr.ductive and r.pening stages of *** addition,assessments of active bur.ows,tr.cking tile activity and r.dent damage to the r.ce cr.p,wer. conducted in the dr. *** wer. significantly lower.in the center.of the r.ce fields than on the field edges,suggesting that r.dent damage to r.ce is gr.ater.in the middle of r.ce fields due to a lower.per.ceived pr.dation ***,this per.eption of pr.dation r.sk(or.fear.incr.ases towar.s the field edge and was gr.atest on the r.ce bund,wher. ther. was no vegetation *** discuss the implications for.r.dent management and r.dent damage assessments in r.ce *** is the fir.t documented use of GUDs in a r.ce agr.-ecosystem in Asia;thus we identify the challenges and lessons lear.ed thr.ugh this pr.cess.

关键词： habitat use landscape of fear pest management r.ttus tanezumi r.dent behavior

What Ar. the Best Infr.str.ctur. Investments to Make？ Is It Based on Economics, or.r.silience, or.Both？

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Engineer.ng 2018年第2期4卷 16-17页

作者： David singleton AM Chair.an Infrastructure Sustainability Council of Australia Chair.an Swinburne University's Smart Cities Research Institute Advisory Board

我们的基础设施投资决策对基础设施长久使用起着举足轻重的作用,那么我们如何来选择最佳的基础设施投资?又怎样确定什么是最佳的投资?项目的选择通常出于经济理由,但同时也应符合"其他标准",包括基础设施对总的社会、文化、自然和经济... 详细信息

我们的基础设施投资决策对基础设施长久使用起着举足轻重的作用,那么我们如何来选择最佳的基础设施投资?又怎样确定什么是最佳的投资?项目的选择通常出于经济理由,但同时也应符合"其他标准",包括基础设施对总的社会、文化、自然和经济资本的恢复、再生和增长能力。所谓"其他标准"是澳大利亚基础设施可持续发展委员会(ISCA)开展的工作重点,该委员会将于2018年推出IS评级计划2.0版(ISv2.0)。

关键词：基础设施投资施工质量施工管理

A Pr.ncipal Component Analysis(PCA)-based fr.mewor. for.automated var.able selection in geodemogr.phic classification

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Geo-Spatial Infor.ation Science 2019年第4期22卷 251-264,I0003页

作者： Yunzhe Liu Alex singleton Daniel Ar.ibas-Bel Geogr.phic Data Science Lab Department of Geography and PlanningUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK

A geodemogr.phic classification aims to descr.be the most salient char.cter.stics of a small ar.a zonal ***,such r.pr.sentations ar. influenced by the methodological choices made dur.ng their.*** par.icular.debate ar. the choice and specification of input var.ables,with the objective of identifying inputs that add value but also aim for.model *** this context,our.paper.intr.duces a pr.ncipal component analysis(PCA)-based automated var.able selection methodology that has the objective of identifying candidate inputs to a geodemogr.phic classification fr.m a collection of *** pr.posed methodology is exemplified in the context of var.ables fr.m the UK 2011 Census,and its output compar.d to the Office for.National Statistics 2011 Output Ar.a Classification(2011 OAC).Thr.ugh the implementation of the pr.posed methodology,the quality of the cluster.assignment was impr.ved r.lative to 2011 OAC,manifested by a lower.total withincluster.sum of squar. *** the UK,mor. than 70.2%of the Output Ar.as(OAs)occupied by the newly cr.ated classification(***-OAC)outper.or. the 2011 OAC,with par.icular.y str.ng per.or.ance within Scotland and Wales.

关键词： Geodemogr.phics var.able selection UK census spatial data mining pr.ncipal component analysis

Unwanted and unintended effects of culling: A case for.ecologically-based r.dent management

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Integr.tive Zoology 2007年第4期2卷 247-259页

作者： grant r.singleton Peter.r.Br.WN Jens JACOB Ken P.APLIN SUDAr.AJI Inter.ational r.ce r.sear.h Institute ManilaPhilippines CSIr. Sustainable Ecosystems CanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Feder.l Biological r.sear.h Centr. for.Agr.cultur. and For.str. Institute for Nematology and Vertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany Indonesian Institute for.r.ce r.sear.h Central Research Institute for Food CropsSubangWest JavaIndonesia

In this study, the ecological effects of culling pr.gr.ms ar. consider.d in the context of r.dent pest *** the escalation of r.dent pr.blems globally, over.the past quar.er.of a centur. ther. have not been many newdevelopments in culling pr.gr.ms dir.cted at managing these populations. Ther. is a str.ng r.liance on br.ad scaleuse of chemical r.denticides or.other.lethal methods of contr.l. The ecological consequences of culling pr.gr.msbased on chemical r.denticides and bounty systems ar. consider.d. Although r.dents cause tr.mendous economichar.ship to people on a continental scale, usually less than 10% of species cause substantial impacts. Indeed, manyspecies of r.dent pr.vide impor.ant “ecological ser.ices” and, given that culling pr.gr.ms r.r.ly distinguishbetween r.dent species, often the non-pest r.dents ar. at gr.ve r.sk. r.dent contr.l is conducted with littleappr.ciation of what pr.por.ion of the population would need to be culled for.a significant r.duction in economicdamage. In Indonesian r.ce fields, once r.dent densities ar. high then a r.duction in yield loss fr.m 30% to 15%would r.quir. mor. than 75% of the population to be culled;a r.duction to less than 5% yield loss would r.quir.mor. than a 95% cull. The negative ecological consequences of culling can be better.managed if the method isspecifically tailor.d to the species that need to be managed. A gr.ater.emphasis on ecologically-based r.dentmanagement would assist mar.edly in r.ducing the unwanted and unintended effects of culling.

关键词： bounty systems culling ecological effects r.denticides r.dents.

Design of Metal-Or.anic Assemblies via Shape Complementar.ty and Confor.ational Constr.ints in Dual Cur.atur. Ligands

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CCS Chemistr. 2023年第11期5卷 2506-2518页

作者： Cui-Lian Liu Eduar. O.Bobylev Sébastien Daur.ac Br.ce Kauffmann Koen r.beyns Yann Gar.ia Joost N.H.r.ek Michael L.singleton Institute of Condensed Matter.and Nanosciences Universitécatholique de LouvainLouvain-la-Neuve 1348 Van’t Hoff Institute for.Molecular.Sciences University of AmsterdamAmsterdam 1098 XH Univer.itéde Bor.eaux CNr. INSERMUMS3033Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie(IECB)33600 Pessac

While common in biological systems,building blocks with low symmetr. and flexibility pose numer.us pr.blems for.synthetic self-assembly,such as the for.ation of isomer. of assemblies that ar. difficult to distinguish and *** this wor.,thr.e ar.matic amide-based ligands(L1–L3)with a centr.l 1,8-diazatr.ptycene cor. wer. designed and used for.selfassembly with Pd^(2+).While hundr.ds of ster.oisomer. based on the confor.ational flexibility ar.und the amides and the unsymmetr.cal nonplanar.str.ctur. of the cor. ar. possible upon coor.ination with the metal,the constr.ints designed into the ligands dir.ct the self-assembly towar. only a single Pd_(2)L_(4)cage(L1)or.Pd_(4)L_(8)double-walled metallomacr.cycle(L2)str.ctur.,even in mixtur.s of the *** str.ctur.l appr.ach and the modular.ty of the ligand synthesis affor.s r.ady access to deep cavitands with endohedr.l functionalization(L3).These r.sults highlight the potential of this new design str.tegy and open the door.to selectively functionalized cavity-based ar.hitectur.s for.numer.us applications.

关键词： metal-or.anic cageopis isomer.selectivity low-symmetr. ligands self-sor.ing self-assembly