检索结果-南通市图书馆

From thermal conductive to thermal insulating:Effect of carbon vacancy content on lattice thermal conductivity of ZrC_(x)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第23期82卷 105-113页

作者： Yue Zhou William G.Fahrenholtz Joseph graham Gregory E.Hilmas Department of Materials Science and Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409USA

Lattice thermal conductivities of zirconium carbide(ZrC_(x),x=1,0.75 and 0.5)ceramics with different carbon vacancy concentrations were calculated using a combination of first-principles calculations and the Debye-Callaway *** Gruneisen parameters,Debye temperatures,and phonon group velocities were deduced from phonon dispersions of ZrC_(x) determined using first-principles *** addition,the effects of average atomic mass,grain size,average atomic volume and Zr isotopes on the lattice thermal conductivities of ZrC_(x) were analyzed using phonon scattering *** lattice thermal conductivity decreased as temperature increased for ZrC,ZrC_(0.75) and ZrC_(0.5)(Zr2 C),and decreased as carbon vacancy concentration ***,ZrC_(x) can be tailored from a thermal conducting material for ZrC with high lattice thermal conductivity to a thermal insulating material for ZrC_(0.5) with low lattice thermal ***,it opens a window to tune the thermal properties of ZrC_(x) by controlling the carbon vacancy content.

关键词： Zirconium carbide Lattice thermal conductivity Theoretical study First-principle calculations

participation in cooperative prey capture and the benefits gained from it are associated with individual personality

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2017年第5期63卷 561-567页

作者： James L.L. LICHTENSTEIN Colin M. WRIGHT Lauren p. LUSCUSKIE graham A. MONTGOMERY pINTER-WOLLMAN Jonathan N. pRUITT Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA

In animal societies, behavioral idiosyncrasies of the individuals often guide which tasks theyshould perform. Such personality-specific task participation can increase individual task efficiency,thereby improving group performance. While several recent studies have documented group-levelbenefits of within-group behavioral （i.e., personality） diversity, how these benefits are realized atthe individual level is unclear. Here we probe the individual-level benefits of personality-driven taskparticipation in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola. In S. dumicola, the presence of at leastone highly bold individual catalyzes foraging behavior in shy colony members, and all group con-stituents heavily compete for prey. We assessed boldness by examining how quickly spidersresumed normal movement after a simulated predator attack. We test here whether （1） participantsin collective foraging gain more mass from prey items and （2） whether bold individuals are less re-sistant to starvation than shy spiders, which would motivate the bold individuals to forage ***, we assembled colonies of shy spiders with and without a bold individual, added one preyitem, and then tracked the mass gain of each individual spider after this single feeding event. Wefound that spiders that participated in prey capture （whether bold or shy） gained more mass thannonparticipators, and colonies containing a single bold spider gained more total mass than purelyshy colonies. We also found that bold spiders participated in more collective foraging events andwere more susceptible to starvation than shy spiders, suggesting that the aggressive foraging ofbold individuals may represent a strategy to offset starvation risk. These findings add to the bodyof evidence that animal personality can shape social organization, individual performance, andgroup success.

关键词： animal personality, keystone individuals, social behaviour, task allocation.

The Intelligent Industrial Facility in the New Economy

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

食品科学 2001年第11期22卷 108-109页

作者： Earle Droppo graham Beattie Wood Banani Associates Ltd.Automation Specialists Majisoft Multimedia Inc.Network Architect

To quote from an article that appeared in the August 9th, 2000edition of the Toronto Globe and Mail, Report on Business:'productivity soared in the United States at the strongest pace since theearly 1980' s, propelledbythecomputerizationoftheworkingworld and massive investment by business in ever faster high-tech *** billions of dollars being spent on new computer equipment and new electronic commerce systems continued to pay off in the second quarter, allowing the economic output per worker to surpass the already high expectations of financial *** U. S. Department of Labour reported yesterday that productivity in the United States rose at an annualized rate of 5.3 percent in the second quarter from the first quarter... its strongest 12 month increase since the third quarter of 1983 Much ofthe productivity gains in the computerization and on-line presence is in turn, expected to enable Canadian businesses to keep improving the productivity of their workers and match the gains of the United States. 'In order to achieve gains of this magnitude, we must move beyond automation at the plant floor level. New opportunities are emerging from the networked e-business environment of the internet, intranets and extranets. Fast and efficient access to these technologies is becomingessential for survival in today' s new economy. E-business lets you create and manage a network of employees, suppliers and partners working toward a common goal. The result is a seamless, integrated system that can sense and respond to customers, competitors and global markets in real time. By enabling collaboration, integration and empowerment, these new technologies increase productivity, reduce cycle times, lower costs, create new business opportunities and achievegreater return on *** summarize, we need to take a systems integration approach to automation.

关键词： The Intelligent Industrial Facility in the New Economy

Access to insulin delivery devices and glycated haemoglobin in lower-income countries

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第8期11卷 358-369页

作者： Emma Louise Klatman graham David Ogle Life for a Child program GlebeNSW 2037Australia

BACKGROUNDYoung people with type 1 diabetes in low-and-middle income countries facemany challenges in accessing care, with various essential supplies needed forsurvival and long-term *** study insulin delivery devices and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) *** survey was conducted in 2019 of leading diabetes centres in 41 countriessupported by the Life for a Child program. The survey covered numerous aspectsconcerning availability and costs at all levels of the health system, local usagepatterns and attitudes, obstacles, and other ***-seven countries returned the survey (90.2% response rate). Key findingsincluded: Syringe use was most common (83.1%), followed by insulin pens(16.7%) and pumps (0.2%). 48.6% of public health systems did not providesyringes, even with a co-payment. Use of suboptimal syringe/needlecombinations was common. Needles were generally reused in almost all countries(94.3%, n = 35). Aside from donated supplies, there was variable access to HbA1ctesting within public health facilities, and, when available, patients often had tocover the cost. provision was further compromised by numerous problemsincluding stock-outs, and challenges with understanding the test, equipmentmaintenance, and *** gaps exist for adequate access to appropriate insulin delivery devices andHbA1c testing. public health systems in low-and-middle income countries shouldincrease affordable provision. There are also needs for specific health professional training and diabetes education;elimination of customs duties and taxes;development of inexpensive, robust HbA1c testing methods that do not requirerefrigeration of testing supplies;differential pricing schemes;and other solutions.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Diagnostics Glycated haemoglobin Syringes Insulin Access

Mental health service users'progression from illicit drug use to schizophrenia in New Zealand

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

General psychiatry 2019年第5期32卷 257-260页

作者： graham Mellsop Rees Tapsell pragya Holmes Research Contractor AucklandNew Zealand University of Auckland Waikato Clinical School HamiltonNew Zealand

Background Recently,publications have hypothesised that the demonstrated increase in the incidence of schizophrenia in New Zealand is a side effect of the increased strength of available cannabis derivatives over the last 25+years and the much more recent increase in the population's use of *** To compare the rates of later schizophrenia between age-matched mental health service users with initial diagnoses as alcohol abusers or illicit drug *** From the pRIMHD comprehensive national database,all users of the mental health services over a 5-year period who received an ICD-10 presenting diagnosis of alcohol or substance use/abuse were *** each person identified,the database was examined for the following 3 years to determine the numbers later diagnosed with *** For the initial alcohol problem people in their twenties,1.7%were diagnosed as suffering from schizophrenia in the subsequent 3 *** the initial drug problem people,the rate was 10.9%.Within that drug-using population,the indigenous Maori developed schizophrenia at a higher rate than did the remainder of the *** These findings in New Zealand require further research into their generalisability,context and explanation.

关键词： schizophrenia alcohol service

Extreme points, support points and the Loewner variation in several complex variables

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China Mathematics 2012年第7期55卷 1353-1366页

作者： graham Ian HAMADA Hidetaka KOHR Gabriela KOHR Mirela Department of Mathematics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 2E4 Canada Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University 3-1 Matsukadai 2-Chome Higashi-ku Fukuoka 8138503 Japan Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Babe s-Bolyai University 1 M. Koga lniceanu Str. Cluj-Napoca 400084 Romania Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Babes-Bolyai University 1 M. Kogǎlniceanu Str. Cluj-Napoca 400084 Romania

In this paper we consider extreme points and support points for compact subclasses of normalized biholomorphic mappings of the Euclidean unit ball Bn in Cn. We consider the class So（Bn） of biholomorphic mappings on Bn which have parametric representation, i.e., they are the initial elements f（-, O） of a Loewner chain f（x,t） = etz ＋ ... such that {e-tf（.,t）}t≥o is a normal family on Bn. We show that if f（.,O） is an extreme point （respectively a support point） of So（Bn）, then e-t f（., t） is an extreme point of So（Bn） for t≥0 （respectively a support point of So（Bn） for t C [O, t0] and some to〉 0）. This is a generalization to the n-dimensional case of work due to pell. Also, we prove analogous results for mappings which belong to So（Bn） and which are bounded in the norm by a fixed constant. We relate the study of this class to reachable sets in control theory generalizing work of Roth. Finally we consider extreme points and support points for biholomorphic mappings of Bn generated by using extension operators that preserve Loewner chains.

关键词： biholomorphic mapping Loewner chain parametric representation reachable set starlike map-ping

Response to: Caution needed when interpreting muscle activity patterns during extremely low pedaling cadence

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 109-110页

作者： Sangsoo park graham E.Caldwell Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMA 01003USA

Dear editor,We would like to thank Drs Sun and Li for their interests and observations for our recently published article entitled“Muscular activity patterns in 1-legged vs.2-legged pedaling”.We have carefully read their letter and agree with their underlying premise that our low cadence is not indicative of competitive,recreational,or(in some cases)clinical 2-legged pedaling ***,our results were not meant to be extrapolated to higher cadences,as clearly stated in the Limitations Section of the Discussion:“The results of this study do not necessarily extend to muscular control in one-legged pedaling tasks with different mechanical demands,as our participants were asked to perform pedaling tasks with relatively low crank torque and velocity.”1 Further,we stand by the initial statement of the Abstract that“One-legged pedaling is of interest to elite cyclists and clinicians.”In the Introduction we cite 2 studies2,3 that refer to 1-legged cycling:“As such,1-legged pedaling has been suggested as a training tool to improve pedaling performance and is used in clinical settings for rehabilitation.”1 Our opening Abstract statement(which would presumably be read before the Results and Discussion)was not meant to imply that our study results would be directly applicable to elite cyclists and all clinical populations/treatments,as Drs Sun and Li seem to infer.

关键词： statement elite interpreting

Quasi-Z-Source Based Bidirectional DC-DC Converter and Its Control Strategy

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2019年第1期5卷 1-9页

作者： Yuba Raj Kafle Saad Ul Hasan graham E.Town School of Engineering Macquarie UniversityNSW 2109Australia

This paper presents a quasi-Z-source based isolated bidirectional DC-DC converter(qZIBDC)for renewable energy *** converter utilizes a dual active bridge circuit with a quasi-Z-source network on both sides,so the converter works as buck/boost converter from either *** has a wider input/output voltage operating range,soft-switching capabilities without additional devices,and higher boost capability than a traditional dual active bridge *** from that,shoot-through states are incorporated in its operating cycle to boost the input voltage resulting in high reliability of the proposed *** to the symmetrical structure of the circuit,there is no defined high voltage or low voltage side as in traditional isolated bidirectional DC-DC *** operating principle and control strategy of the proposed converter are *** and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter topology and its control strategy.

关键词： Bidirectional DC-DC converter dual active bridge impedance source quasi-Z-source DC-DC converter

Intruder familiarity and not duet similarity influences the territory defense in a year-round territorial bird species

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Avian Research 2022年第2期13卷 152-158页

作者： Tihana Hamzaj Brendan graham Katherine Bonilla Ignacio Gutiérrez Luis Sandoval Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics University of UlmUlm Gemany Laboratorio de Ecología Urbana y Comunicación Animal Escuela de BiologíaUniversidad de Costa RicaMontes de Oca CP11501-2060 Costa Rica Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge4401 University Dr WLethbridgeABTIK 3M4anada

To avoid unnecessary energy expenditures in territorial defense,many species(e.g.,insects,amphibians,birds,and mammals)have developed the capability to distinguish between different intruder types using visual,acoustic,and/or chemical *** the mechanism used for intruder recognition is key to understanding the dynamics of territorial *** birds that use vocalizations for territorial defense,the frequency and duration of vocalizations or the familiarity with the intruder may be the main mechanism used for intruder ***,we conducted a playback experiment with territorial White-eared Ground-sparrows(Melozone leucotis),to analyze if territorial pairs recognize intruders using frequency and duration characteristics(a bird’s response is based on how structurally similar the intruders’duets are to their own)or by familiarity with the intruders(neighbors ***-neighbors).We focused on duets because this species uses duets exclusively for territorial *** broadcasted a duet from a territorial neighbor,two duets from non-neighbors(with different frequency and duration characteristics),and a duet from a control species in 39 territorial pair from three *** playback we measured five behavioral responses:latency of the first vocalization,latency of the approach to the speaker,time spent close the speaker(within 5 m),number of individuals that approached the speaker,and the number of *** found that territorial White-eared Ground-sparrow pairs responded stronger to neighbors than non-neighbors,and this response is not influenced by duet duration or frequency *** result suggests that neighbors represent a greater territorial threat for White-eared Ground-sparrows than *** work is necessary to understand how common this observation is for tropical species that defend small territories year-round.

关键词： Dear enemy Duets Neighbor-stranger discrimination Territory defense White-eared ground-sparrows