检索结果-南通市图书馆

B vitamins for stroke prevention

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2018年第2期3卷 51-58页

作者： graeme j Hankey UWA Medical School Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Sir Charles Gairdner HospitalNedlandsWestern AustraliaAustralia

Supplementation with B vitamins(vitamin B9(folic acid),vitamin B_(12) and vitamin B_(6))lowers blood total homocysteine(tHcy)concentrations by about 25%and reduces the relative risk of stroke overall by about 10%(risk ratio(RR)0.90,95%CI 0.82 to 0.99)compared with ***-lowering interventions have no significant effect on myocardial infarction,death from any cause or adverse *** that appear to modify the effect of B vitamins on stroke risk include low folic acid status,high tHcy,high cyanocobalamin dose in patients with impaired renal function and concurrent antiplatelet *** regions with increasing levels or established policies of population folate supplementation,evidence from observational genetic epidemiological studies and randomised controlled clinical trials is concordant in suggesting an absence of benefit from lowering of homocysteine with folic acid for prevention of *** trials indicate that in countries which mandate folic acid fortification of food,folic acid supplementation has no significant effect on reducing stroke risk(RR 1.05,95%CI 0.90 to 1.23).However,in countries without mandatory folic acid food fortification,folic acid supplementation reduces the risk of stroke by about 15%(RR 0.85,95%CI 0.77 to 0.94).Folic acid alone or in combination with minimal cyanocobalamin(≤0.05 mg/day)is associated with an even greater reduction in risk of future stroke by 25%(RR 0.75,95%CI 0.66 to 0.86),whereas the combination of folic acid and a higher dose of cyanocobalamin(≥0.4 mg/day)is not associated with a reduced risk of future stroke(RR 0.95,95%CI 0.86 to 1.05).The lack of benefit of folic acid plus higher doses of cyanocobalamin(≥0.4 mg/day)was observed in trials which all included participants with chronic kidney *** metabolic B_(12)deficiency is very common and usually not diagnosed,future randomised trials of homocysteine-lowering interventions for stroke prevention should probably test a combinati

关键词： vitamin prevention impaired

Optimisation of zeolite LTA synthesis from alum sludge and the influence of the sludge source

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 130-142页

作者： Alexandra Rozhkovskaya jay Rajapakse graeme j.Millar School of Civil and Enuironmental Engineering Science and Engineering FacultyQueensland University oTechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4000Australia Institute for Future Environments and School of Mechanical Medical and Process EngineeringQueensland Uniuersity of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4000Australia

Generation of alum sludge(AS)at drinking water treatment plants represents an environmental liability and adds to the cost of water ***,this study explored the feasibility of using low and high carbon containing alum sludge from two water treatment plants to synthesize zeolite *** hypothesis was that zeolite LTA synthesis was dependant upon alum sludge source and that a range of strategies may be required to optimize zeolite *** characteristics such as morphology,phase composition,crystallinity,and particle size distribution were recorded."One pot"hydrothermal synthesis of precursor gel with molar composition 4.2 Na2O:Al2O3:1.2 SiO_(2):168 H2O at 80℃ for 3 hr resulted in 25 and 46 wt.%zeolite LTA from high and low carbonaceous sludge,*** to hydrothermal reaction stage it was discovered that ageing of the gel,addition of zeolite LTA seeds,ultrasonic treatment and calcination all promoted zeolite LTA *** of the alum sludge at 700℃ for 2 hr before hydrothermal synthesis resulted in particle size reduction and the highest amount of crystalline zeolite LTA:79 wt.%from low carbon sludge and 65 wt.%from high carbon ***,the zeolite crystallinity reported in this study was the higher than previous studies on this *** outlined approach may allow value adding of alum waste and produce a commodity which could be used locally by the water treatment plant as a water softener.

关键词： Alum sludge Zeolite LTA Ultrasonic Ageing Waste conversion

Effect of struvite and organic acids on immobilization of copper and zinc in contaminated bio-retention filter media

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第11期32卷 35-44页

作者： Chathurani Moragaspitiya jay Rajapakse graeme j.Millar Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology(QUT)Queensland 4000Australia

Few studies have been carried out to connect nutrient recovery as struvite from wastewater and sustainable utilization of the recovered struvite for copper and zinc immobilization in contaminated *** study revealed the effect of struvite on Cu and Zn immobilization in contaminated bio-retention soil in the presence of commonly exuded plant organic *** research hypothesis was that the presence of both struvite and organic acids may influence the immobilization of Cu and Zn in *** outcome of this research confirmed that more than 99%of Cu and Zn was immobilized in bio-retention filter media by struvite ***-soluble Cu and Zn concentrations of struvite treated soil were less than 1.83 and 0.86 mg/kg respectively,and these concentrations were significantly lower compared to the total Cu and Zn content of 747.05 mg/kg in the contaminated *** of struvite to Cu-and Zn-contaminated soil resulted in formation of compounds similar to zinc phosphate tetrahydrate(Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O)and amorphous Cu and Zn *** was effective in heavy metal remediation in acidic soil regardless of the presence of Ca impurities in struvite and the presence of plant organic acids in ***,this study revealed that struvite recovered from wastewater treatment plants has potential for use as an amendment for heavy metal remediation in contaminated bio-retention soil.

关键词： Immobilization Struvite Organic acids Heavy metal Contaminated soil Bio-retention

Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 65-77页

作者： Chathurani Moragaspitiya jay Rajapakse graeme j.Millar Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT)

This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of *** research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen(328–1000 mg/L)in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid ***,we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology,particle size,purity and dissolution of struvite,in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen.X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4%amorphous material was made which was assigned to *** the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of *** particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the *** with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the *** particles(21.2μm)dissolved at higher rates than larger particles(35.86μm).However,struvite dissolved rapidly as the p H was further reduced irrespective of the physical ***,addition of struvite to low p H soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient ***,this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material.

关键词： Struvite Purity Calcium Ammoniacal nitrogen Waste activated sludge

Subtypes of functional dyspepsia

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第17期12卷 2667-2671页

作者： Georgina Baker Robert j Fraser graeme Young Department of Gastroenterology Repatriation General Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre Australia

Functional dyspepsia is a common clinical condition characterised by chronic or recurrent upper abdominal pain or discomfort commonly associated with a variety of associated gastrointestinal symptoms and a normal endoscopy. To standardise research-based approaches, an initial categorisation of into sub groups was agreed to, based on clusters of symptoms. However the early expectation that these subgroups would be associated with distinct pathophysiologies amenable to specific therapy has not been realised. A classification based on the most troublesome symptom has been suggested but the utility of this is also unclear. More recent data suggest that some of the pathophysiologic dysfunctions may be associated with specific symptoms and so provide a better tool for grouping patients. But this approach remains incomplete as current insights into the pathogenesis are still too limited for this to be satisfactory. In conclusion, no classification provides for an adequate treatment-based approach to the syndrome of functional dyspepsia. As a consequence treatment remains largely empiric.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Classification Subtypes Symptoms Pathophysiology Management

Earthquake-induced landslide displacement attenuation models and application in probabilistic seismic landslide displacement analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2010年第2期9卷 177-187页

作者： graeme H.McVerry GNS Science

A landslide displacement (DLL) attenuation model has been developed using spectral intensity and a ratio of critical acceleration coefficient to ground acceleration coefficient. In the development of the model,a New Zealand earthquake record data set with magnitudes ranging from 5.0 to 7.2 within a source distance of 175 km is used. The model can be used to carry out deterministic landslide displacement analysis,and readily extended to carry out probabilistic seismic landslide displacement analysis. DLL attenuation models have also been developed by using earthquake source terms,such as magnitude and source distance,that account for the effects of earthquake faulttype,source type,and site conditions. Sensitivity analyses show that the predicted DLL values from the new models are close to those from the Romeo model that was developed from an Italian earthquake record data set. The proposed models are also applied to an analysis of landslide displacements in the Wenchuan earthquake,and a comparison between the predicted and the observed results shows that the proposed models are reliable,and can be confidently used in mapping landslide potential.

关键词： displacement landslide intensity measures deterministic analysis probabilistic analysis

Phosphogypsum stabilization of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 1-10页

作者： Shengguo Xue Meng Li jun jiang graeme j.Millar Chuxuan Li Xiangfeng Kong School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Institute for Future Environments Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology

Reduction of the high alkalinity of bauxite residue is a key problem to solve to make it suitable for plant growth and comprehensive utilization. In this study, phosphogypsum, a waste product from the phosphate fertilizer industry, was used to drive the alkaline transformation of the bauxite residue. Under optimal water washing conditions(liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 24 hr), the impact of quantity added, reaction time and reaction mechanism during phosphogypsum application were investigated. Phosphogypsum addition effectively lowered p H levels and reduced the soluble alkalinity by 92.2%. It was found that the concentration of soluble Na and Ca ions in the supernatant increased gradually, whilst the exchangeable Na+and Ca^(2+)in solid phase changed 112 mg/kg and 259 mg/kg, respectively. Ca^(2+)became the dominant element in the solid phase(phosphogypsum addition of 2%, liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 12 hr). X-ray diffraction data indicated that cancrinite and hydrogarnet were the primary alkaline minerals. SEM images suggested that phosphogypsum could promote the formation of stable macroaggregates, whilst the content of Ca^(2+)increased from 5.6% to 18.2% and Na reduced from 6.8% to 2.4%. Treatment with phosphogypsum could significantly promote the transformation of alkalinity cations by neutralization, precipitation and replacement *** research provided a feasible method to promote soil formation of bauxite residue by phosphogypsum amendment.

关键词： Bauxite residue Phosphogypsum Alkaline ions Alkaline transformation Soil formation

Do animal eyespots really mimic eyes？

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2014年第1期60卷 26-36页

作者： Martin STEVENS graeme D RUXTON Centre for Ecology & Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus Penryn TR10 9FE UK School of Biology University of St Andrews Dyers Brae House St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH UK

The diversity of anti-predator adaptations in the natural world has long been an active area of research in evolutionary and behavioural biology. A common visually-obvious feature found on prey are ＇eyespots＇, being approximately circular mark- ings often with concentric rings and conspicuous colours. These are found on a range of animals, especially adult and larval Lepidoptera and fish. One of the most widespread functions of eyespots seems to be to intimidate or startle predators： delaying, preventing or halting an attack. However, while the fact that they can influence predators in this way is tmcuntroversial, the mechanism（s） behind why they are effective is debated. Traditionally, they have been assumed to work by mimicking the eyes of the predator＇s own enemies, and much research in this field is conducted under the implicit or explicit assumption that this theory is correct. However, eyespots might work simply by being highly salient stimuli that promote sensory overload, biases, or neo- phobic reactions in predators. A range of recent studies has aimed to test these alternatives. Here, we critically evaluate this work and what it tells us about the mechanisms underlying eyespot function. We conclude that although eye mimicry is plausible, there remains a lack of evidence to support it and most observations are at least equally consistent with alternative mechanisms. Finally we also discuss how the debate can be resolved

关键词： Eyespots Predation Animal coloration Mimicry Warning signals

Biopsy of solid liver tumors:adverse consequences

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第3期7卷 325-327页

作者： Dhya Al-Leswas Derek A O'Reilly graeme j Poston Department of Surgery University Hospital Aintree Lower LaneLiverpoolL9 7ALUK

BACKGROUND:Percutaneous radiologically-guided liver biopsy is used routinely worldwide in all secondary- level hospital *** it has an undoubted role in the investigation and management of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions of the liver,its role in hepatic oncology is doubtful and probably dangerous. METHOD:We report on two patients who underwent preoperative biopsy of potentially resectable liver tumors. RESULTS:At the time of surgery,there was evidence of seeding at the biopsy site in both *** case 1,potentially curative liver resection was rendered incurable because of gross peritoneal carcinomatosis lying adjacent to the site of liver *** case 2,the patient underwent curative liver resection,but there was histopathological evidence of peritoneal disease beyond the liver capsule along the falciform ligament at the site of the previous biopsy. CONCLUSIONS:No patient with a suspicious liver tumor which is thought to be malignant and has any possibility of being a potential candidate for liver surgery,should be subjected to pre-operative diagnostic biopsy in a non- specialist center.

关键词： liver biopsy colorectal liver metastases hepatocellular carcinoma