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The roles of a decision support system in applying forest ecosystem management in Northeast china

Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 9-18页

作者： DAI Limin, ZHENG Bofu, Guofan Shao & ZHOU Li State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue university, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette USA graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Forest ecosystems provide a variety of services and forest ecosystem management (FEM) is an effective approach to maximize the services. Because of the complexity of forest ecosystems, the applications of FEM can be facilitated with decision support systems (DSS) that recognize and incorporate ecological and socio-economic variables. With the rapid development of computation and information technologies, DSS have been advanced in many ways. Traditional forest management within a forestry unit in china is planned on a yearly basis. The planning itself remains primarily a verbal concept as there are no quantitative decision-support tools available to translate the concept into forest management actions. For the purposes of FEM at the management level, a forest management DFF, FORESTAR, has been developed under a framework of geographic information system (GIS) and forest models. The paper explained the intelligent modeling mechanisms and demonstrated how the applications of FEM can be strengthened with the applications of FORESTAR.

关键词： forest functions, forested landscapes, forest services, forest models, geographic information systems.

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Digital forestry research in china

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 1-8页

作者： TANG Shouzheng, TANG Una, Guofan Shao & DAI Limin Research Institute of Resource Information Techniques, chinese academy of Forestry, beijing 100091, china Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china Departmet of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue university, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA graduate university, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Research Institute of Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China graduate university Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette USA

Digital Forestry as a concept was developed after the Digital Earth program. The chinese scientists were not only among the pioneers who first proposed the concept of Digital Forestry, but also contributed a lot to the development of Digital Forestry. Digital Forestry is a digital framework to maintain forest planting, management, using, and protect. The synergetic use of computationally-intensive quantitative methods together with information technologies is the most important foundation for the development of Digital Forestry. Under this situation, the experience of Digital Forestry development in china is relatively rich. A number of academicians, scholars, and professional administrators were involved in discussing the Digital Forestry Construction Scheme. The Project of Digital Forestry Practicability approved by the State Forestry Administration is a major instance in developing Digital Forestry standard and key techniques. By introducing a case study of Digital Forestry, this paper reviews the concept of Digital Forestry, the way turning traditional forestry into Digital Forestry, and the future development of Digital Forestry.

关键词： Digital Forest, Digital Earth, Digital Forestry standard, Digital Forestry techniques.

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Quantifying soil erosion with GIS-based RUSLE under different forest management options in Jianchang Forest Farm

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中国科学：技术科学英文版 2006年第Z1期49卷 160-166页

作者： ZHANG Hengming, WANG Qingli, DAI Limin, Guofan Shao, TANG Una, WANG Shunzhong & GU Huiyan Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue university, Lafayette IN47901, USA Northeast Forestry university, Harbin 150040, china Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University Lafayette USA Northeast Forestry university Harbin China

Quantitatively estimating soil erosion with an integration of geographic information system (GIS) and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) under four different exposed soil proportion scenarios caused by forest management practices was studied at Jianchang Forest Farm. The GIS provided means of input data generation required by RUSLE model and allowed a spatial assessment of the erosion hazard over the study area. Four exposed soil proportion scenarios of 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% were tested with the GIS-based RUSLE model to evaluate soil erosion hazard. The predicted soil erosion potentials were classified into five categories in order to provide valuable aids for management planning.

关键词： geographic information system, RUSLE, soil erosion, forest management.

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Digitally determining forest inventory units with an ecological classification system

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 118-127页

作者： TANG Una, WANG Qingli, Guofan Shao, DAI Limin, WANG Shunzhong, LI Xiufen & XU Dong Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue university, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette USA

Management-level forest resource data in china were obtained with a combination of two forest inventories. However, inconsistencies in the spatial attributes of forest data vary between the two inventory types and between two inventories of the same type. The inconsistencies make it inconvenient for long-term forest management planning with digital technologies. Ecological Land Types (ELTs) and Ecological Land Type Phases (ELTPs) have been mapped in selected forestry regions in northeast china, where important forest industries are located. The boundaries of ELTs are determined by geomorphic conditions, which are quantified by Digital Elevation Models (DEM); ELTPs are classified by overlaying ELTs with forest vegetation data layers that are obtained with both remotely sensed and ground data. The ELTPs represent the divisions of land in terms of both natural and human-induced forest conditions, and therefore they are reliable units for forest inventories and management. This paper introduces a case study for digitally determining forest inventory units in Benxi City, Liaoning Province, northeast china. The general objective of the study was to explain how a compatible forest inventory system should be designed and why the compatible forest inventory system was significant to digital forestry in china.

关键词： forest inventory, ecological classification, ELT mapping, ELTP mapping, geographic information systems, forest management.

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GIS-based analysis of forest degradations in Baihe Forestry Bureau,northeast china

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 167-176页

作者： ZHOU Li, DAI Limin , Guofan Shao, XU Dong, WANG Hui & BAI Jianwei Institute of Applied Ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue university, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA Department of City Development, Jinan university, Jinan 250002, china academy of Forest Inventory and Planning, State Forestry Administration, beijing 100714, china Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University West Lafayette USA Department of City Development Jinan University Jinan China academy of Forest Inventory and Planning State Forestry Administration Beijing China

Forests in the Changbai Mountains are important timber sources for economic development of the society and provide ecological services in northeast china. In order to strengthen forest resource management, this paper analyzed management-induced changes in forest structure, tree species composition and forest landscape pattern from 1987 to 2000 for Baihe Forestry Bureau in Jilin Province based on digitized forest parcel maps and forest survey data. The results suggested that the area of Mature, High-Stocking, and Close-Canopy Forests decreased by 31.4%, 55.9% and 10.7% respectively; volume of Mixed Forest, the native forest vegetation type, decreased by 17.8%;the number of patches increased tremendously but the mean patch density decreased sharply for Mature, High-Stocking, Close-Canopy, and Mixed Forests. All the changes in forest structure, species composition, and landscape pattern indicated severe degradations going on with the forests in Baihe Forestry Bureau. Because of the effect of degradation to forest services, restoring forest resources and protecting biodiversity has become urgently important. The strategies of sustainable forest management need to be worked out and implemented.

关键词： geographic information system, forest management, Changbai Mountains, forest change, forest decline.

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Negative regulation of caspase 3-cleaved PAK2 activity by protein phosphatase 1

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第1期51卷 1-11页

作者： WANG JinJun1,2 & WANG ZhiXin1 1 National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China graduate university of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100101 China National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) is activated by binding of small G proteins, Cdc42 and Rac, or through proteolytic cleavage by caspases or caspase-like proteases. Activation by both small G protein and caspase requires autophosphorylation at Thr-402 of PAK2. Although activation of PAK2 has been investigated for nearly a decade, the mechanism of PAK2 downregulation is unclear. In this study, we have applied the kinetic theory of substrate reaction during modification of enzyme activity to study the regulation mechanism of PAK2 activity by the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1α). On the basis of the kinetic equation of the substrate reaction during the reversible phosphorylation of PAK2, all microscopic kinetic constants for the free enzyme and enzyme-substrate(s) complexes have been determined. The results indicate that (1) PP1α can act directly on phosphorylated Thr-402 in the acti-vation loop of PAK2 and down-regulate its kinase activity; (2) binding of the exogenous protein/peptide substrates at the active site of PAK2 decreases both the rates of PAK2 autoactivation and inactivation. The present method provides a novel approach for studying reversible phosphorylation reactions. The advantage of this method is not only its usefulness in study of substrate effects on enzyme modifica-tion but also its convenience in study of modification reaction directly involved in regulation of enzyme activity. This initial study should provide a foundation for future structural and mechanistic work of protein kinases and phosphatases.

关键词： p21-activated protein kinase substrate reaction kinetics phosphorylation dephosphorylation

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SSRAN and PSRASP:Two Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis Software

SSRAN and PSRASP:Two Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysi...

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第十二届全国植物基因组学大会

作者： Guanzheng Luo~1,Huajun Wu~(1,2),Yingke Ma~(1,2),Xiujie Wang~(1*) 1.State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101,china 2.graduate university of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china

The development and application of next generation sequencing technology have starting the transform biological science *** high-throughput nature of next-generation sequencing technology enables the production of gigabytes of short reads during one sequencing reaction,providing deep and digital information for the presence of DNA or RNA molecules in the studied *** date,bioinformatic tools to analyze such large amount of data are still in great *** we introduce two next generation sequencing data analysis software,SSRAN and PSRASP.

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NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801 attenuates MMN-like responses in both awake and anesthetized rats

NMDA-receptor antagonist MK-801 attenuates MMN-like response...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Ying-Ying LIU~(1,2),Ning WANG~1,Jin-Yan WANG~1,Fei LUO~(1,*) 1 Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china

＜正＞Objective Schizophrenia patients always have significant attenuated mismatch negativity（MMN） response,which reveals a deficient cognitive process precision on pre-attentive sensory *** in NMDA receptor system are supposed to mediate the MMN attenuation on schizophrenia ***,there are few studies on MMN response in animal schizophrenia model,especially on awake ***,this study is aimed to explore the proper condition to evoke MMN responses in both awake and anesthetized rats,compare MMN responses under different consciousness states,and estimate whether the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 could block the MMN *** Auditory evoked potentials were recorded during odd ball paradigm,in different states（awake,anesthetized）,drugs（saline,low dose MK-801,high dose MK-801） and inter-stimulus intervals（ISI）（1000 ms,2000 ms,3000 ms）.Results（1） MMN response in awake rats presented two negative components which peaked at 50 ms and 120 ms ***,in the anesthetized rats,the MMN response was one positive slow wave happened during 150-350 ms.（2） Compared with the saline injection,both the low-dose and high-dose MK-801 injection could significantly attenuate the MMN responses in the two states.（3） MMN responses had a significantly lager amplitude at the 3000 ms ISI both during the awake and anesthetized states,compared with the 1000 ms and 2000 ms *** MMN response could be estimated in both awake and anesthetized rats. The NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801,which suggested a temporary schizophrenia simulation,could attenuate the MMN response.

关键词： schizophrenia MMN NMDA receptor MK-801

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Early prenatal morphine exposure impairs short- and long-term potentiation in day-old chick brain slices

Early prenatal morphine exposure impairs short- and long-ter...

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中国生理学会第23届全国会员代表大会暨生理学学术大会

作者： Juan JIANG~(1,3),Nan SUI~(1,*),Meng-Ya WANG~(2,*) 1 Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china 2 Cell Electrophysiology Laboratory,Wannan Medical College,Wuhu 241002,china 3 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china

＜正＞It is known that drug abuse during pregnancy may induce neurobiological changes in offspring,including deficits in learning and memory function and alterations in susceptibility to substance ***, we have reported that embryo day 5-8（E5-8） may be the critical period to impair memory consolidation tested by one-trial passive avoidance learning（PAL） in day-old chicks due to prenatal morphine *** plasticity is one of the important neurophysiological mechanisms underlying learning and *** is considerable evidence to suggest that the intermediate medial mesopallium（IMM）,a region of the avian forebrain,is intimately involved in the imprinting learning and PAL learning processes,which is accompanied with significant synaptic ***,we investigate whether short- and long-term potentiation（LTP） recorded in IMM neurons from chick forebrain slices is affected by early prenatal morphine *** depolarized synapse responses（i.e. EPSPs） evoked by dorsal（D-EPSPs） or ventral（V-EPSPs） focal electrical stimuli at 0.1 Hz were intracellularly recorded in the IMM neurons of 3-4 days old chick brain slices prepared from control group（no treatment）,saline group（treated by intra-allantoic injection of saline in E5-8） and morphine group（treated by intra-allantoic injection of morphine in E5-8）.Paired-pulse stimulation was delivered with an interpulse interval of 50 ms or 100 ms,and paired-pulse depression（PPD） or paired-pulse facilitation（PPF） was evaluated by calculating paired-pulse *** was observed that PPF incidence was lower in IMM neurons from morphine-exposed chicks（V-EPSPs:19.5%;D-EPSPs: 14.6%,n=41） than from control group（V-EPSPs:43.2%;D-EPSPs:34.1%,n=44） and saline group（V-EPSPs: 46.8%;D-EPSPs:46.8%,n=47）（Chi-square test,P＜0.05）.Moreover,homosynatic and heterosynaptic LTP were also estimated with criterion that the amplitude of EPSPs was potentiated to more than 120%of control level,which lasted at least 30 min af

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Meditation training improves attention and the ability of perceiving unexpected objects

Meditation training improves attention and the ability of pe...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Chun-Hong HE~(1,2),Jin-Yan WANG~1,Fei LUO~(1,*) 1 Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology,chinese academy of sciences,beijing,china 2 graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100101,china

＜正＞Objective Recent studies on meditation revealed that short-term or long-term meditation training could improve *** these studies,participants who attended meditation training could perform better in attention tasks than control *** these attention tasks,participants have already known what the stimuli will present on the ***,the real-world raises a different question:how likely are subjects to notice something salient that they do not expect? For example,a person may fail to see a friend in a cinema when looking for an empty seat,even if the friend is waving,a phenomenon known as ’inattentional blindness’（IB）.In the present study,we not only examine whether meditation training can improve the ability of focus attention on expectant stimuli relevant to the task,but also test if meditation training can improve the ability of perceiving unexpected *** The experimental group assigned to 4 days（30-min per day） of meditation practice,the control group got no meditation *** Attention Network Test（ANT） was conducted on participants before（Time 1） and after（Time 2） *** IB task was just conducted on the time ***（1） Compared with time 1,the experimental group showed greater improvement in conflict scores on the Attention Network Test at time *** control group also got improvement in conflict scores（maybe because of practice） at time 2,but it revealed no significant difference compared to that of time 1.（2） In the IB task,62.5%subjects in the experimental group noticed the unexpected *** only 25%subjects in the control group noticed *** Meditation training can improve attention and the ability of perceiving unexpected objects.

关键词： meditation Attention Network Test inattentional blindness

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