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The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2,4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, china 3. china Meteorological Administration Training Centre, beijing 100081, china 4. graduate school of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming China graduate school of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South china Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2nd pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

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Sequence analysis of mRNA polyadenylation signals of rice genes

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chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第9期51卷 1069-1077页

作者： LU Ying1, 2, GAO Chenxi1,2,3 & HAN Bin1,3,41. National Center for Gene Research, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Shanghai 200233, china 2. graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Shanghai 200032, china National Center for Gene Research Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China

The formation of eukaryotic mRNAs involves the cleavage and polyadenylation of pre- mRNAs. To investigate the sequence requirement of putative polyadenylation signals (PASs), poly(A) sites and downstream elements (DUEs) in 3′-end-pro- cessing in rice, we compared expressed sequences tags (ESTs) with poly(A) extremity to full-length cDNA sequences and constructed a database of 12969 pre- mRNA sequences in ?40―+40 nt surrounding the poly(A) sites, which were from 9953 genes. The al- ternative poly(A) sites were revealed in approxi- mately 25% of mRNAs. Nearly 80% of pre-mRNAs showed stringent requirement of the YA (CA or UA) at poly (A) sites for polyadenylation. About 7.9% had the AAUAAA signals on ?40―?1 nt upstream of the poly(A) sites. Over 60% of mRNAs probably used the one- or two-base variants of AAUAAA hexamers as their PASs in 3′ fragments. The single-base variants of AAUGAA revealed the high frequency in 11.5% of 3′ fragments. The DUEs were detected in 90% of pre- mRNAs, especially more than half of the pre-mRNAs with multi-base variants of AAUAAA had the DUEs surrounding the poly(A) site. The location of DUE is also important for defining the cleavage site. Al- though most of the rice pre-mRNAs did not contain AAUAAA signal, the existence of downstream ele- ments ensured the efficiency of cleavage-polyade-

关键词：多聚腺苷酸序列分析 mRNA 水稻基因工程

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GIS-Based Assessment of Land Suitability for Optimal Allocation in the Qinling Mountains, china

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Pedosphere 2006年第5期16卷 579-586页

作者： LIU Yan-Sui WANG Jie-Yong GUO Li-Ying Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 （China） graduate school of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 （China） College of Tourism and Environmental sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi＇an 710062 （China）

A GIS-based method was used to assess land suitability in the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province of china through simultaneous consideration of physical features and current land use. Through interpretation of Landsat TM images and extensive field visits the area was modeled into 40 land types in five altitudinal zones (valleys and gullies, hillsides and terraces, foothills, mid-mountain, and sub-alpine mountain). Then, a suitability score was assigned to five physical factors (climate, hydrology, topography, soil, and vegetation). Next, their integrated overall suitability value scores were compared with the observed land cover to determine whether it should be reallocated a new use. Results showed that the five suitability classes of agriculture, forest, grassland, farmland-woodland, and scrub-pasture had altitudinal stratification and a total of 1151 km2 (8.89%) of lands on the northern slopes of the Qinling Mountains had to be reallocated. To achieve this reallocation, 657 km2 of arable land should be reduced, and forest, grassland and scrub-pasture increased by 615 km2, 131 km2 and 405 km2, respectively. Implementation of these recommended land reallocations should help achieve suitable use of land resources and prevent land degradation.

关键词： GIS landforms optimal allocation Qinling Mountains suitability evaluation

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Response of Nematodes in a Hapli-Udic Argosol to Urea Amended with Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors

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Pedosphere 2006年第4期16卷 428-434页

作者： HUA Jian-Feng JIANG Yong LIANG Wen-Ju Soil Ecology Laboratory Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 （China） graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 （China）

Effects of urea amended with urease and nitrification inhibitors on soil nematode communities were studied in a Hapli- Udic Argosol （Cambisol, FAO） in Liaoning Province of Northeast china. A completely random design with four treatments, i.e., conventional urea （CU）, slow-release urea amended with a liquid urease inhibitor （SRU1）, SRU1 ＋nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide （SRU2）, and SRU1 ＋ nitrification inhibitor 3,5-dimethylpyrazole （SRU3） and four replicates were applied. Thirty-nine genera of nematodes were identified, with Cephalobus and Aphelenchus being dominant; and in all treatments, the dominant trophic group was bacterivores. In addition, during the growth period of spring wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, soil urease activity was lower in SRUs than in CU. The numbers of total nematodes and bacterivores at wheat heading and ripening stages, and omnivores-predators at ripening stage were higher in SUR3 than in CU, SRU1 and SRU2 （P 〈 0.05）.

关键词： Hapli-Udic Argosol nitrification inhibitor slow-release urea soil nematodes urease inhibitor

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Sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea and the reflected characteristics of climate changes

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第B6期48卷 42-48页

作者： FU Mingzuo~(1,2,3), LI Zhen~1, XU Xiaowei~1 & SHl Xuefa~1 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First institute of Oceanography. State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061. china 2. Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071. china 3. graduate school, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039. china Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China graduate school Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Eight sporopollen zones have been divided based on the results of high-resolution sporopollen analysis of Core B10 in the southern Yellow Sea. Based on the results along with ^14C datings and the subbottom profiling data,climatic and environmental changes since the last stage of late Pleistocene are discussed. The main conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) the vegetation evolved in the process of coniferous forest-grassland containing broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by coniferous trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferons and broad-leaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broadleaved trees→deciduous broad-leaved forest-meadow containing evergreen broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest-grassland prevailed by broad-leaved trees→coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest containing evergreen broad-leaved trees; (2) eight stages of climate changes are identified as the cold and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the cold and dry stage, the warm and dry stage, the temperate and wet stage, the hot and dry stage, the temperate and dry stage, then the warm and dry stage in turn; (3) the sedimentary environment developed from land,to littoral zone, to land again, then to shore-neritic zone; and (4) the Yellow Sea Warm Current formed during early-Holocene rather than Atlantic stage.

关键词：中国黄海气候变化碳14年代测定底基压型数据更新世沉积环境大西洋

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Improved K-means Algorithm for Manufacturing Process Anomaly Detection and Recognition

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武汉理工大学学报 2006年第S3期28卷 1036-1041页

作者： ZHOU Xiaomin~(1,2) PENG Wei~1 SHI Haibo~1 (1.Shenyang Institution of Automation chinese academy of sciences,Shenyang 110016,china, 2.graduate school,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100039,china) Shenyang Institution of Automation chinese academy of sciences Shenyang 110016China graduate school Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China Shenyang Institution of Automation chinese academy of sciences Shenyang 110016China

Anomaly detection and recognition are of prime importance in process *** are usually rare,and, therefore,predicting them is *** this paper,a new greedy initialization method for the K-means algorithm is proposed to improve traditional K-means clustering *** new initialization method tries to choose suitable initial points,which are well separated and have the potential to form high-quality *** on the clustering result of historical disqualification product data in manufacturing process which generated by the Improved-K-means algorithm,a prediction model which is used to detect and recognize the abnormal trend of the quality problems is *** simple and robust alarm-system architecture for predicting incoming faults realizes the transition of quality problems from diagnosis afterward to prevention beforehand *** the end,the alarm model was applied for prediction and avoidance of gear-wheel assembly faults at a gear-plant.

关键词： data mining clustering quality management anomaly detection and recognition

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A formal model of fair exchange protocols

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Science in china(Series F) 2005年第4期48卷 499-512页

作者： QING Sihan1,2,3 & LI Gaicheng1,2,3 1. Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology, Institute of Software, chinese Aca- demy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology, beijing 100080, china 3. graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology Beijing China graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Based on the study of existing fair exchange protocols, this paper sets up an accurate formal model by stepwise refinement. In the process of refinement an unreliable channel is employed to simulate an attack behavior. The model provides a novel formal definition of exchanged items, and presents the formal goals for fairness, accountability, etc., reflecting the inherent requirements for fair exchange protocols across-the-board. In order to check, prove, and design fair exchange protocols effectively and efficiently, the model puts forward a novel property of abuse-freeness which applies to all fair exchange protocols, gives a formal definition for trust strand of the third party, and presents general criteria of designing a secure and effective fair exchange protocol. Taking a typical fair exchange protocol as an example, this paper presents the analysis steps of fair exchange protocols appealing to our model. An unknown attack is uncovered. The analysis reveals the process of a complete attack, discovering deeper reasons for causing an attack. Finally, we modify the flawed protocol and the revised protocol ensures the desirable properties.

关键词： events local causal relation local temporal relation global relation exchanged item security goals.

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Low-frequency variability of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation in the past 40 years from SODA

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第3期30卷 14-19页

作者： MENG Qingji WANG Fan LIU Na Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves （KLOCAW） Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China graduate school of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081 China

The low-frequency variability of the North Equatorial Current （NEC） bifurcation during 1958 to 2001 was investigated with the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA） 2.0.2 dataset. In agreement with recent observations, the NEC bifurcation latitude （NBL） shifted northward as depth increases, from about 12.7°N near the surface to about 17.1°N at depths around 500 m for the annual average. This study reveals that the interannual variations of NBL, with five years period, mainly focused on the upper 500 m with amplitude increasing as depth increased. The NBL shifted southward in the past 40 years, which was more significant in the subsurface at more than -0.02°/a. The NBL manifests itself in the transports of NMK （NEC-Mindanao Current （MC）-Kuroshio） system in strong relationship with MC （0.7） and Kuroshio （-0.7）. The EOF analysis of meridional velocity off the Philippine coast shows that the first mode, explaining 62% of variance and 5 years period, was highly correlated with the southward shift of NBL with coefficient at about 0.75. The southward shift of NBL consists with the weakening of MC and strengthening of Kuroshio, which exhibited linear trends at -0.24Sv/a and 0.11Sv/a. Both interannual variation and trend of NBL were closely related to the variation of NMK system.

关键词： North Equatorial Current bifurcation latitude interannual variation linear trend NEC-Mindanao Current-Kuroshio system

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Taxonomic study on the family Mitridae (Mollusca: Gastropoda:Neogastropoda) from the china’s seas. Subfamilies:Imbricariinae and Cylindromitrinae

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第5期 114-123页

作者： LI Baoquan1, 2, LI Xinzheng1*1. Institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071, china2. graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china

Ninteen species of subfamilies Imbricariinae and Cylindromitrinae, family Mitridae, are recorded from the china's seas. Of which, one genus and six species are recorded for the first time from china's seas, i.e., genus Ziba Adams H and Adams A, Cancilla (Cancilla) carnicolor, Ziba duplilirata, Z. insculpta, Neocancilla circula, Scabricola (Scabricola) desetangsii, Scabricola (Swainsonia) ocellata ocellata.

关键词： Mitridae Imbricariinae Cylindromitrinae china’s seas

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Preparation of Pt/K_2La_2Ti_3O_(10) and its photo-catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from methanol water solution

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Science china Chemistry 2006年第2期49卷 162-168页

作者： CUI Wenquan1,3, LIU Li2, FENG Liangrong1, XU Chenghua1, LI Zijian1, Lü Shaojie1 & QIU Fali1 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 2. Chemistry Department, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643033, china 3. graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china Correspondence should be addressed to Qiu Fali Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China graduate school of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China Chemistry Department Sichuan University of Science & Engineering Zigong China

A layered perovskite-type oxide K2La2Ti3O10 was prepared with high-temperature solid-state reaction, and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse re-flectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Platinum was loaded onto K2La2Ti3O10 as a co-catalyst with different methods. The dispersion of platinum on K2La2Ti3O10 was determined with HOT method. The photocatalytic activity of Pt/K2La2Ti3O10 was studied. This catalyst showed much higher activity in hydrogen evolution reaction than Ni/K2La2Ti3O10. The effects of different amounts of loaded platinum and several preparation methods were evaluated. The best achieved hydrogen evolution rate was 233.88 μmol·h?1 by Pt(2%)/K2La2Ti3O10. A possible band structure and mechanism were discussed based on the results.

关键词： photocatalysis hydrogen platinum K_2La_2Ti_3O_(10) support

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