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Microstructures of metallic film and diamond growth from Fe-Ni-C system

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第15期47卷 1258-1262页

作者： XU Bin LI Musen YIN Longwei CUI Jianjun LIU Yuxian gong jianhong College of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityJi’nan 250061China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong Institute of Architecture and Engineering

The microstructures of metallic film surrounding diamond have been systemically studied using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the atom force microscopy (AFM). The film can be divided into three layers (inner layer near diamond, external layer near graphite and middle layer). The graphite cannot be directly transformed into diamond in the film at HTHP: there exists a parallelrelationship between (111) of γ-(Fe,Ni) and (110) of Fe3C in the inner layer; the sawtooth-like step morphology found by AFM on the film is similar to that of corresponding diamond surface. A new model for diamond growth at HPHT is proposed from the parallel relationship and sawtooth-like step morphology. It is believed that Fe3C may be a transitional phase in the course of diamond growth, γ-(Fe,Ni) in the inner layer can absorb carbon atom groups with lamella structure from Fe3C, and then the carbon groups stack on growing diamond.

关键词： synthetic diamond high temperature and high pressure metallic film TEM AFM.

MIP Technology for Pruduction of Euro Ⅳ Clean Gasoline Ⅱ. Correlation Model of Sulfur Content of MIP Naphtha and Its Application

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2010年第1期12卷 49-53页

作者： Tang Jinlian Xu Youhao gong jianhong Wang Xieqing (Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083) Research Institute of Petroleum Processing SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

On the basis of the reaction rules and its influencing factors of sulfur compounds in MIP naphtha, a correlation model for describing the correlation between mass fraction of sulfur in MIP naphtha, mass fraction of sulfur in feedstock and volume fraction of olefin in naphtha was developed and the model＇s parameters were estimated. The residual error distribution and statistical study showed that the developed model was reasonable and reliable and able to predict the mass fraction of sulfur compounds in naphtha. The correlation model can provide theoretical guidance and operation base for adjusting process parameters to produce EURO IV gasoline by the MIP units. The model was validated by its application on the MIP unit of Qingdao Refining ＆ Chemical Company. On this unit, the tail oil with low sulfur content obtained via hydrotreating gas oil was used as the feedstock and the olefin content of naphtha was reduced by promoting hydrogen transfer reaction through adjustment of process parameters. Thus, EURO IV clean gasoline was manufactured by this MIP unit.

关键词： MIP process feedstock sulfur olefins in naphtha naphtha sulfur correlation model EURO IVemission standard

Development of MIP Technology and Its Proprietary Catalysts

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第2期11卷 1-8页

作者： gong jianhong Xu Youhao Xie Chaogang Long Jun Jiang Wenbin Qiu Zhonghong(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083) SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Beijing 100083 China

A novel catalytic cracking process named the MIP process was developed by the Research Institute of Petroleum Processing(RIPP),SINOPEC,to manufacture clean gasoline with lower olefin contents. The MIP pro-cess features a unique riser consisting of two sequential reaction zones with different radii,in which different kinds of chemical reactions are intensified respectively to achieve better product slates and product properties. In order to fully implement the MIP potentials,a proprietary catalyst RMI tailored to the needs of the MIP process was devel-oped by adopting an AIRY zeolite having improved accessibility to active sites,which could result in better heavy oil cracking,coke selectivity and olefin reduction performance compared with the conventional REUSY zeolite. Its commercial application showed that the RMI catalyst could further reduce the olefin content in gasoline and raise the gasoline octane number while increasing the total liquid yield. On the basis of the MIP process,the MIP-CGP process was also developed to significantly reduce the olefin content in FCC naphtha and to enhance the propylene yield simultaneously. As far as the MIP-CGP process itself is concerned,both the MIP-CGP process and the MIP process have the similar reactor configuration but with different reactor size and operating parameters. The proprietary catalyst CGP-1 is also proposed to tailor for the MIP-CGP process. The specific features of the CGP-1 catalyst cover the new matrix,which possesses excellent capability to accommodate coke formation in the first reaction zone;the modified Y zeolite,which exhibits high hydrogen transfer activity in the second reaction zone;and the MFI zeolite,which has good gasoline olefin cracking activity. The commercial test results of MIP-CGP process applied along with the CGP-1 catalyst showed that the olefin content of gasoline was less than 18 v% and the propylene yield was more than 8 m%. Furthermore,as compared with the conventional FCC process,th

关键词： catalytic cracking MIP gasoline olefin proprietary catalyst

催化裂化过程中负氢离子转移反应和氢转移反应的不同特征

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催化学报 2007年第1期28卷 67-72页

作者：龚剑洪龙军许友好中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院北京100083

基于重质油在酸性Y分子筛催化剂上的反应，区分了负氢离子转移反应和氢转移反应，认为负氢离子转移和氢转移是重质油催化反应过程中的两个不同过程．确定了大庆减压蜡油在酸性Y分子筛催化剂上反应时，负氢离子转移反应主要发生在反应前... 详细信息

基于重质油在酸性Y分子筛催化剂上的反应，区分了负氢离子转移反应和氢转移反应，认为负氢离子转移和氢转移是重质油催化反应过程中的两个不同过程．确定了大庆减压蜡油在酸性Y分子筛催化剂上反应时，负氢离子转移反应主要发生在反应前期（转化率为5％～10％）至反应中后期（转化率为60％～70％）的转化深度区间，而氢转移反应主要发生在反应后期（转化率〉60％～70％）．负氢离子转移反应基本不产生焦炭，焦炭主要通过氢转移反应产生．Y分子筛上发生的主要是汽油烯烃和环烷烃之间的氢转移反应．

关键词：蜡油催化裂化负氢离子转移氢转移

催化裂化轻循环油生产轻质芳烃的分子水平研究

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石油炼制与化工 2014年第7期45卷 1-6页

作者：毛安国龚剑洪中国石化石油化工科学研究院北京100083

从分子水平研究了催化裂化轻循环油(LCO)经加氢处理后进行催化裂化生成苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯等轻质芳烃(BTXE)的反应规律。认为加氢LCO中重质单环芳烃(包括烷基苯和环烃基苯)的含量及催化裂化反应条件是影响轻质芳烃产率的关键,适宜... 详细信息

从分子水平研究了催化裂化轻循环油(LCO)经加氢处理后进行催化裂化生成苯、甲苯、二甲苯和乙苯等轻质芳烃(BTXE)的反应规律。认为加氢LCO中重质单环芳烃(包括烷基苯和环烃基苯)的含量及催化裂化反应条件是影响轻质芳烃产率的关键,适宜的加氢处理深度(加氢LCO氢质量分数为11.00%)、催化裂化较高的反应温度(大于550℃)和较大的剂油比(大于8)有利于生产轻质芳烃。在实验条件范围内,LCO中环烃基苯的表观裂化反应比例大于73.4%,表观缩合反应比例小于14.7%,且高温有利于LCO中环烃基苯的裂化反应。加氢LCO经催化裂化反应生成轻质芳烃的单程产率可达14.3%,约占催化裂化产物中单环芳烃总量的1/3。

关键词：催化裂化轻循环油轻质芳烃分子水平

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含硼金刚石的金属包膜成分及其物相的研究

金刚石与磨料磨具工程 2005年第5期25卷 1-3页

作者：王美李木森宫建红山东大学材料科学与工程学院山东济南250061

本文采用铁基触媒加入硼铁的方法,在高温高压条件下合成了含硼金刚石。利用电子探针(EPMA),透射电子显微镜(TEM)两种检测手段,分析了含硼金刚石金属包膜的微观组织结构、化学组成成分、各组成成分的物相及其可能形成的原因。研究结果表... 详细信息

本文采用铁基触媒加入硼铁的方法,在高温高压条件下合成了含硼金刚石。利用电子探针(EPMA),透射电子显微镜(TEM)两种检测手段,分析了含硼金刚石金属包膜的微观组织结构、化学组成成分、各组成成分的物相及其可能形成的原因。研究结果表明:金属包膜的成分及其物相由正交立方结构的(Fe,N i)3C、面心立方的γ-(Fe,N i)、面心立方的Fe23(C,B)6及少量的FeB、N i3B组成,这些成份主要来源于原材料,其含量在高温压过程中是瞬间变化的。

关键词：含硼金刚石金属包膜物相铁基触媒高温高压

Valance electron structure of carbide-diamond interface and catalytic mechanism for diamond synthesis under high-pressure and high-temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第8期16卷 852-858页

作者： gong jianhong, XU Bin, YIN Longwei, QI Yongxin, LI Li, SU Qingcai and LI Musen (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong Institute of Architecture and Technology, Jinan 250014, China Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Super-hard Materials, Zoucheng 273500, China) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Super-hard Materials Zoucheng 273500 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong Institute of Architecture and Technology Jinan 250014 China

The metallic films surrounding a synthetic diamond formed under high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) in the presence of Fe-based and Ni-based catalysts were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was showed that the carbide was the primary carbon source for the nucleation and growth of diamond. Based on the EET (empirical electron theory in solid and molecules) theory, the valence electron structure of interface between carbide (Fe3C, Ni3C, (Fe, Ni)3C) and diamond was calculated using the bonding length difference (BLD) method. The boundary criterion of Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-Cheng (TFDC): "the electron density being equal on the contacting surfaces of atoms" was applied to analyze the valence structure of carbide-diamond interface. The result based on the calculation valance electron structure is in good accordance with the experimental result. This study is very helpful to reveal the catalytic mechanism of diamond nucleation and growth and design the new catalyst for diamond synthesis.

关键词： synthetic diamond carbide catalytic mechanism valence electron theory interface.

劣质重油高选择性催化裂化(RTC-G)技术开发

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石油炼制与化工 2022年第8期53卷 11-15页

作者：白风宇张执刚龚剑洪中国石化石油化工科学研究院北京100083

为了达到劣质重油催化裂化多产汽油和低碳烯烃的目的,基于拟全浓相、拟均温、拟匀速反应概念,提出使用快速流化床反应器对劣质重油原料进行催化裂化的思路。以中国石化济南分公司2号催化裂化装置原料油为原料,进行了快速流化床反应器催... 详细信息

为了达到劣质重油催化裂化多产汽油和低碳烯烃的目的,基于拟全浓相、拟均温、拟匀速反应概念,提出使用快速流化床反应器对劣质重油原料进行催化裂化的思路。以中国石化济南分公司2号催化裂化装置原料油为原料,进行了快速流化床反应器催化裂化反应研究,开发了劣质重油原料高选择性催化裂化(RTC-G)技术。研究结果表明:相比于提升管反应器,使用快速流化床反应器催化裂化时的液化气产率和汽油产率分别高2.33百分点和0.35百分点,干气产率低0.34百分点,产品转化率和高价值产品选择性均有一定优势。在快速流化床反应器内选用适当的催化剂,可使劣质重油催化裂化的液化气产率达25.52%,丙烯产率达11.84%。

关键词：催化裂化快速流化床汽油液化气丙烯

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二异丙基萘在分子筛催化剂上的侧链断裂反应

石油学报（石油加工） 2012年第2期28卷 174-179页

作者：唐津莲许友好汪燮卿龚剑洪中国石化石油化工科学研究院北京100083

在小型固定流化床(FFB)装置上,考察了以Y和ZSM-5分子筛作为催化剂,温度、剂/油质量比对二异丙基萘裂化侧链断裂反应的影响。结果表明,二异丙基萘在分子筛催化剂上极易发生侧链断裂反应,生成萘、C1～C4烷基萘、四氢萘、烷基四氢萘和丙烯... 详细信息

在小型固定流化床(FFB)装置上,考察了以Y和ZSM-5分子筛作为催化剂,温度、剂/油质量比对二异丙基萘裂化侧链断裂反应的影响。结果表明,二异丙基萘在分子筛催化剂上极易发生侧链断裂反应,生成萘、C1～C4烷基萘、四氢萘、烷基四氢萘和丙烯等低碳烯烃;较少量的二异丙基萘通过脱氢缩合生成菲、芘等三环以上多环芳烃甚至焦炭。由于扩散和吸附性能的影响,二异丙基萘侧链断裂反应与催化剂的孔径有关,并与催化剂B酸量密切相关。在B酸量较少、吸附性能适宜的ZSM-5催化剂上其侧链断裂反应选择性比Y催化剂的高。当反应温度在425～525℃、剂/油质量比在3～8范围,随着反应温度升高,或者剂/油质量比增加,脱氢缩合反应增强,而烷基侧链断裂反应选择性降低。

关键词：多环芳烃分子筛催化剂催化裂化二异丙基萘烷基侧链断裂