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Bancroftiasis among the mumuye of Northeastern Nigeria: Parasitological and clinical studies in Northern Taraba State

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Health 2013年第1期5卷 138-142页

作者： Jacqueline A. Badaki Oladele B. Akogun Nobert B. Molta godwin imandeh Department of Biological Sciences Federal University of Technology Yola Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Environmental Biology Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko Nigeria

The study reports the prevalence of bancroftiasis in three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Taraba State, Nigeria. Night blood samples collected from one thousand and thirty one individuals were stained with haematoxylin and examined microscopically for the presence of Wu-chereria bancrofti. The overall prevalence of infection in the study area was high (21.2%) but mean microfilaria densities were generally low. Statistically, prevalence rate differed significantly (χ2d.f.2 = 10.498;P χ2d.f.1 = 1.385;P > 0.05) between sexes. Infection also did not statistically differ between age groups (χ2d.f.5 = 13.219;P > 0.05) even though infection rate increased steadily with age and reaching a peak at the 40 - 49 year age group. Lymphoe-dema was the commonest (M = 12.4%, F = 19.2%) clinical manifestation of bancroftian morbidity encountered in the survey. Overall, the findings indicate that bancroftian filariasis is a public health problem in Taraba state and there is an urgent need to establish an elimination programme with a view of halting transmission in the area.

关键词： Wuchereria Bancrofti Morbidity Microfilaraemia Mumuye Northeast Nigeria

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Could the Level in Parasitaemia of <i>Plasmodium</i>Determine Sensitivity to Various Diagnostic Tests?

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2020年第3期10卷 224-245页

作者： Obed Nanjul Goselle godwin Yandu Ajiji Anvou Jambol Joseph Terhema Sunday Ojochemi Sunday Idoko Shedrach Sunday Udoh Oliseemeka Charles Ejete Yahaya Mbaya Ahmadu Henrietta Oluwatoyin Awobode godwin Nyiutaha imandeh Bernard Malau Matur Applied Entomology and Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology University of Jos Jos Nigeria National Veterinary Research Institute Vom Nigeria Health and Development Support Programme Jos Nigeria Department of Zoology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Zoology Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

The discovery of Plasmodium parasites and its incrimination as the principal cause of malaria in humans has continued to excite researchers towards inventing possible easier methods of diagnosing and identifying these pathological agents in order to mitigate, control and eliminate its continuous scourge to humanity. Currently, three diagnostic methods have been proposed, but agreements as to whether the level of parasitaemia in an individual could connote likely confirmations in the three methods i.e. gold standard, RDTs’ and PCR/NESTED PCR, have continued to be a subject of debate. To lay to rest the debate as reported in many studies, we collected blood samples from 100 symptomatic patients who reported to the Jos-Nigeria hospital and using the gold standard methods, we were able to confirm that 30 (30%) samples out of the 100 blood samples collected were positive to P. falciparum, chiefly recorded among duffy-negative Africans. Excited with our findings, we prepared the thick blood films for each sample and used it to estimate the levels of parasitaemia (parasites density) per μl of blood (i.e. 1+;2+;3+ and 4+) per 100 high power fields (|HPF). We then subjected the individually confirmed parasite density samples to the other two methods i.e. Rapid Diagnostic Test (one-step RTD and optimal-IT® RDT) and to molecular assay (PCR and the nested PCR). Interestingly, of the 30 positive samples, 18 (60%) were confirmed positive to the one-step and optimal-IT® RDTS, while 3 (30%) out of the 10 (100%) samples of various parasite density subjected to molecular assay (PCR and the nested PCR) were positive to only P. falciparum. Statistical analysis of variance based on single factor computed using SPSS indicates a no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the parasitaemia levels of the four groups/categories of patients;i.e.

关键词： Plasmodium Parasitaemia Diagnostic Tests Malaria Sensitivity

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Domestic and Peri-Domestic Study Reveals the Presence of Probably <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i>

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第6期11卷 303-316页

作者： Obed Nanjul Goselle Oluwanifemi Rhoda Abiola Blessing Ene Ogbe Echo Stephen Unazi Sani Peter Ugbedeojo Nerat Lamba Zakat Malchit Nankap Ladong Shedrack Sunday Udoh Oluseemka Charles Ejete Ojochemi Sunday Idoko Yahaya Mbaya Ahmadu godwin Yandu Ajiji Joseph Terhema Sunday Patience Igeh Henrietta Oluwatoyin Awobode godwin Nyiutaha imandeh Bernard Malau Matur Applied Entomology and Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology University of Jos Jos Nigeria Health and Development Support Programme Jos Nigeria Department of Microbiology Plateau State University Bokkos Nigeria Department of Zoology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Zoology Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue-State Nigeria

Acanthamoeba is free living amoeba consisting of many species that are naturally pathogenic and have been isolated from different environmental sources. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and relative abundance of Acanthamoeba species in soil and water samples within the University of Jos environment and to create public health awareness on the dangers of this parasitic protozoan. The study was conducted in the eleven (11) Faculties of the University of Jos. Soil and water samples were collected from each of the faculties, cultured and morphologically identified for positive samples. In addition, quantitative data on occurrence were examined to help better understand the potential risk to the university community. The prevalence of Acanthamoeba based on the chi-square analysis indicates that there is a significant difference between the number of Acanthamoeba species in the soil and water samples collected (P Acanthamoeba based on the Man-Whitney test indicates that there was no significant difference in the distribution of Acanthamoeba species in the water and soil samples between different faculties (P > 0.05). Morphological identification indicates the presence of probably Acanthamoeba castellani. The demonstration of the presence of Acanthamoeba species in soil and water sources calls for awareness among the clinical community, as cases of keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis might have never been recorded due to lack of expertise or unawareness amongst the clinical community. An improved treatment of water supply and strict adherence to water act needs to be strictly encouraged.

关键词： Acanthamoeba Acanthamoeba castellani Water Soil Jos-Nigeria

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