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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第11期10卷 479-489页

作者： Esther O.Aimofumeh godswill N.Anyasor Ijeoma Esiaba Department of Biochemistry Benjamin S. Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine Babcock University Ilishan-Remo Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: To investigate the effect of Justicia secunda Vahl leaf fraction against acetaminophen-induced oxidative damage in the liver of ***: In vitro antioxidant assays were performed on Justicia secunda leaf fractions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical method was done. Experimental animals were orally administered with 2 g/kg ***. acetaminophen, 100-500 mg/kg ***. Justicia secunda ethyl acetate leaf fraction(JSELF), and 100 mg/kg ***. silymarin. Blood and liver were collected to measure hepatic, oxidative stress, and membrane-bound phosphatase markers. Results: JSELF had significantly(P<0.05) high total antioxidant capacity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. JSELF-treated animals had reduced plasma hepatic enzymes, serum C-reactive protein, and oxidized low-density lipoprotein while hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione levels were elevated compared with untreated control. Membrane-bound phosphatase activities were improved in JSELF-treated animals. GC-MS detected tentatively 7 antioxidants and 4 hepatoprotective ***: JSELF could protect against oxidative stress and improve membrane-bound phosphatase activity in rats with acetaminophen-induced hepatic damage.

关键词： damage Blood peroxidation

Optimization of Pension Asset Portfolio in Nigeria with Contributors’ Specified Return Rate

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Open Journal of Optimization 2016年第4期5卷 103-119页

作者： Bright O. Osu godswill A. Egbe Department of Mathematics Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Department of Mathematics Abia State University Uturu Nigeria

This work focuses on the optimization of investment contributions of pension asset with a view to improving contributors’ participation in achieving better return on investment (RoI) of their funds. We viewed some new regulations on Nigeria’s Contributory Pension Scheme” (CPS) from amended legislation of 2014, some of which are yet to be implemented when their regulations are approved. A mathematical model involving 5 variables, 5 inequality constraints covering regulatory limitations and limitation on scarce resource known as Asset Under Management (AUM), suggested and mathematically shown to be possible through “maximization of return irrespective of risk” while obeying all regulatory controls as our constraints optimized. Optimized portfolio using MatLab shows that the portfolio representing AES 2013 portfolio with a deficit growth of 15.75 m representing 3.27% less than the portfolio’s full growth potential within defined assumptions would have been averted if contributors actually set their targets and investment managers optimize from forecasts of future prices using trend analysis.

关键词： Optimization Portfolio Contributory Pension Scheme Return Rate Pension Reform

Nigerian Wood Waste: A Dependable and Renewable Fuel Option for Power Production

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2014年第3期2卷 234-248页

作者： Kehinde Oluoti godswill megwa. Anita Pettersson Tobias Richards Swedish Center for Resource Recovery University of Boras Boras Sweden

Being an oil-rich country, Nigeria’s energy supply is primarily fossil-based. The unequal distribution of oil wealth, along with agitation for self-determination and resource control, has led to the sabotage of oil installations. This, in turn, has affected all services running on the energy supply from these installations, leading to incessant or total shut-down of such facilities. Power generated using biomass-based renewable energy technologies is a promising option in limiting the country’s dependence on fossil energy for power generation. The most important part of this option is on-site power generation via mini-grid systems. The power thus produced is utilized with the excess being fed into the national grid based on Feed-in-Tariff (F.i.T.) requirements and technicalities. The important factors to be considered in the propagation of a mini-grid option are examined in this study. Furthermore, the study shows that about 1.3 TWh of electricity can be generated from the 1.8 million tonnes per year of wood waste produced by the lumber industry in Nigeria. Power generation through the utilization of biomass has however proved to be a possible path in achieving economic, social and environmental sustainability in the country. Economic studies show that for small-scale power generation, internal combustion engines and Stirling engines are economically feasible. Steam turbines and gas turbines are mostly used in medium/large-scale biomass power generators, especially in proximity to biomass waste resources. Micro gas turbine power technology can also be applied on a small scale despite its high total investment capital.

关键词： Nigeria Wood Waste Renewable Energy Mini-Grid Power Technologies

Cultivation Systems Using Vegetation Cover Improves Sustainable Production and Nutritional Quality of New Rice for Africa in the Tropics

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Rice science 2018年第5期25卷 286-292页

作者： Pierre Popice Kenmogne NUEMSI Libert Brice TONFACK Judith Mbogne TABOULA Bilal Ahmad MIR Moise Roger Baleba MBANGA godswill Ntsomboh NTSEFONG Carine Nono TEMEGNE Emmanuel YOUMBI Plant Physiology and Improvement Unit Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 812 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Botany University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar 190006 India Pesticide Residue Monitoring Unit Food Quality Control Laboratory Food and Nutrition Research Center Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation P.O. Box 13033 Yaounde Cameroon Institute of Agricultural Research for Development-Specialized Centre for Oil Palm Research Dibamba P.O. Box 243 Douala Cameroon

Little is known about the impact of direct sowing under vegetation cover on the production and quality of New Rice for Africa （NERICA） on poor oxisol. In this study, two NERICA varieties （NERICA 3 and NERICA 8） were grown under tropical oxisol soil with very low nutrient contents. Four cultivation systems were used in completely randomized block design, including plowing （control）, unplowed soil with dead vegetation cover （DVC）, unplowed soil with live vegetation cover （LVC） and unplowed soil with mixed vegetation cover （MVC）. DVC significantly improved the exponential growth of NERICAs. NERICA 3 was the more productive （2.16–3.05 t/hm2） compared with NERICA 8 （0.71–1.21 t/hm2）. Cultivation systems improved the nutritional quality of NERICAs. The total protein content of NERICA 3 under DVC and MVC was 84.8% and 75.0% higher than control, respectively. The total soluble carbohydrate contents of NERICA 8 under LVC and MVC was 73.2% and 57.3% higher than control, respectively. These results suggested that conservative approach like direct sowing on unplowed soil with vegetation cover systems can improve the nutritional quality of rainfed NERICAs and their sustainable production under poor oxisol soil in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： direct sowing sustainable production nutritional quality rice vegetation cover yield protein soluble carbohydrate content The world’s population will hit 9 billion by 2050 (Dubois 400 000 t in 2016 to 800 000 t by 2030 (Thirze 2016). To

Unusual Presentation of Preauricular Sinus Abscess—Case Report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2020年第2期9卷 53-58页

作者： Benjamin N. Nkemjika Moses A. Akinola Chinonyerem Adiele godswill I. Chiege Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Babcock University Teaching Hospital Ilishan Remo Ogun Nigeria ENT Unit Nigeria Military Hospital Ikoyi Lagos Nigeria

Preauricular sinus is a common congenital malformation. Unusual presentations can be subtle with some difficulty in obtaining diagnosis. A 27-year-old woman with 6 months history of recurrent right postauricular swelling which was initially thought to be a recurrent mastoid abscess presented. She had repeated incision and drainage with recurrent post auricular abscess. An incidental extravasation of fluid from an asymptomatic preauricular sinus during postauricular abscess cavity irrigation and a positive fistulogram revealed the diagnosis. Combined excision of the preauricular sinus tract and postauricular abscess cavity achieved a good outcome with patient been asymptomatic over a period of one-year follow-up. There should be a high index of suspicion of recurrent abscesses in close proximity with an ipsilateral preauricular sinus in the head and neck region.

关键词： Preauricular Sinus Postauricular Abscess Fistulogram

Evaluation of Costus afer Ker *** vitro anti-inflammatory activity and its chemical constituents identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第2期 132-138页

作者： godswill Nduka Anyasor Onajobi Funmilayo Osilesi Odutola Adebawo Olugbenga Efere Martins Oboutor Department of Biochemistry Benjamin S.Carson School of MedicineCollege of Health and Medical SciencesBabcock UniversityIlisan RemoOgun StateP.M.B.21244 IkejaLagosNigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceObafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a tropical African medicinal plant,Costus afer(***)Ker *** vitro and identify the chemical constituents in the most active ***:Hexane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and aqueous fractions obtained through successive solvent partitioning of 70%methanolic leaf or stem extracts of *** were subjected to in vitro anti-inflammatory screening assays ***-denaturation of protein,stabilization of human red blood cell(HRBC)membrane against hypotonicity-induced hemolysis and anti-proteinase *** sodium was used as a standard *** chemical compounds in the most active fraction were determined using quantitative phytochemical and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC/MS)analytical methods,comparing the mass spectra of the GC/MS identified compounds with those of the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)database ***:The hexane fraction of *** leaf(HFCAL)with an IC50 of 33.36μg/mL,33μg/mL and 212.77μg/mL exhibited the highest anti-denaturation of protein,stabilization of HRBC membrane and anti-proteinase activities respectively when compared with other test *** GC/MS identified compounds in HFCAL known to possess anti-inflammatory property were terpenoids(naphthalene 1,6-dimethyl-;naphthalene 2,3-dimethyl-;phytol),phenol[phenol 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)],coumaran[2(4H)-benzofuranone,5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,4,7atrimethyl and fatty acids(pentadecanoic acid;hexadecanoic acid;n-hexadecanoic acid;9,12-octadecanoic acid-methyl ester;9,12,15 octadecatrienoic acid and cis-vaccenic acid)].Conclusion:Therefore,HFCAL could be considered as a potential source of anti-inflammatory agents for herbal formulation or pharmaceutical drug production.

关键词： Costus afer Anti-inflammation GC/MS Phytochemical

In VitroQuantitative Assessment of Some Virulence Factors Produced by Escherichia coliin Different pH, Temperature and Oxygen Conditions

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第12期10卷 647-662页

作者： Otonye godswill Anga Tombari Pius Monsi Felix Eedee Konne Moore Ikechi Mike-Ogburia Microbiology Unit Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Science Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Nigeria

Background: Bacteria virulence is modulated by different factors in the gut and other host environments. Aim: This study was to quantitatively determine some virulence factors produced in Escherichia coli when exposed to different conditions. Method: The different conditions of temperature and pH were used. The growth response and biofilm production of E. coli in these conditions was quantified. The production of secretory molecules was analyzed using the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. The isolates exposed to these conditions were analyzed for antibiotic susceptibility using the disk diffusion method. Results: For the acidic condition, the comparisons of the growth in the other temperatures were lower than the neutral pH and significant results were noted in 25°C (P = 0.0036), 4°C (P = 0.0006) and -5°C (P = 0.0011), while non-significant result was seen in 37°C (P = 0.2453). In the alkaline condition, at 37°C the degree of significance was P = 0.0102, 25°C (P = 0.0007), 4°C (P = 0.0009), and at -5°C (P = 0.0006). The formation of biofilm, when compared to the normal body temperature of 37°C, was significantly higher at 4°C (P = 0.0382). TLC showed production of bands at -5°C, (Rf = 0.5), at 25°C two bands in both the acidic and alkaline condition (Rf = 0.4) and at 37°C, two bands were seen: one in the acidic condition with an Rf of 0.6 and 0.5 in the alkaline condition. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed varying zones of susceptibility and resistance in the different conditions to the antibiotics used. In the temperature condition, the isolates became resistant to Cefotaxime (CTX) and ColistinSulphate (CT) at -5°C, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (CT) at 4°C, Cefotaxime (CTX) at 25°C, and at 37°C, it was resistant to Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (CT). Resistance was also seen in the pH condition of Cefotaxime (CTX) in the alkaline condition. Conclusion: Exposure to these different conditions shows an increase in growth, biofilm, antibiotic resistance,

关键词： Virulence Biofilm Antimicrobial Resistance Secretory Molecules

Sporting Usefulness Potential of Nine Local Taxa of Grasses for Lawns in the Agro-Ecological Zone with Bimodal Rainfall in Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 845-856页

作者： Meboma Zanga Yanique Lionel godswill Ntsomboh Ntsefong Temegne Nono Carine Tonfack Libert Brice Youmbi Emmanuel Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Cameroon Academy of Young Scientists (CAYS) Yaounde Cameroon

The Cameroonian flora has a very high biodiversity that remains largely unexplored. It contains many grasses that can be used for sports lawns, but are currently underutilized. In order to contribute to the improvement of the quality of sports lawns, nine local grass taxa from the agro-ecological zone with bimodal rainfall in Cameroon were evaluated for their potential for sporting use in natural lawns. The method of the Study and Control Group for Varieties and Seeds was used to evaluate the sports lawn characteristics of the taxa. The resistance to trampling and pulling, the density of the lawn, and the aesthetic appearance, which are factors in calculating the sports index, were monitored at two sites, including the experimental space at the University of Yaounde 1 in the Center region and Kagnol 2 in the East region, from January 2017 to January 2020. The monthly lawn characteristic data allowed for the differentiation between the means and the determination of the sports index of the taxa compared to commercialized lawn varieties. The sports index of the evaluated taxa varied: Cynodon dactylon (6.989), Eleusine indica (6.338), Sporobolus natalensis (6.301), Cynodon cf Cynodon dactylon (6.257), Eragrostis tremula (5.939), Sporobolus pyramidalis (5.583), Agrostis rupestris (5.335), Axonopus compressus (4.991), and Digitaria sp. (4.544). These results show that these grass taxa have potential for sporting use in lawn mixtures at different levels of sports disciplines.

关键词： Sports Lawn Characteristics Sports Index Natural Sports Lawn Local Grass Taxa Resistance to Trampling and Pulling

An Assessment and Geostatistics of Land-Use and Selected Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils in the Mount Cameroon Area

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2023年第2期15卷 244-266页

作者： Nchia Peter Ghong Ngwa Martin Ngwabie godswill Azinwie Asongwe Arnold Chi Kedia Cheo Emmanuel Suh Department of Agriculture and Environmental Engineering College of Technology University of Bamenda Bambili North West Region Cameroon Department of Environmental Science University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA Department of Geology Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili North West Region Cameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of Geology University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon

This work investigated the land-use/land-cover and some physico-chemical properties of the soils of Mt Cameroon and presented same in maps. ArcGIS Pro mapping software, Landsat images, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) coordinates collected from the field combined with updated shape files from competent services were used to produce the location and land-use/land-cover maps. Sixteen topsoil samples (0 - 20 cm) were collected, 4 from each land use/cover category: farmland, forest, plantation and settlement, and analysed for soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), bulk density, moisture content and soil texture, in the laboratory using standard analytical procedures. This data was used to produce spatial distribution maps using ordinary kriging, in ArcGIS Pro. The main terrestrial land use/cover categories comprised of the forest (mangrove, lowland, montane and sub-montane), agroforestry, plantations, grassland, settlement, cropland, shrubby savannah, and bare lava. Bulk density showed the highest values in settlement areas and least values under forest land-use categories. Soil moisture content exhibited a reverse trend compared to that of soil bulk density. Forest soils were the sandiest while soils in plantation agricultural land were the most clayey. The soils were slightly acidic to neutral with soils from agricultural land being more acidic (pH(water) = 5.43). It is discernible from the results that the conversion from forest to other land use/cover classes enhances soil degradation and that soil physico-chemical properties adequately serve as indicators of soil quality in the Mt Cameroon area.

关键词： Geographic Information Systems Geostatistics Land-Use Mt Cameroon Soil Quality Thematic Maps

Genome Mapping to Enhance Efficient Marker-Assisted Selection and Breeding of the Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensisJacq.)

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2021年第12期12卷 407-425页

作者： Essubalew Getachew Seyum Ngalle Hermine Bille Wosene Gebreselassie Abtew godswill Ntsomboh-Ntsefong Joseph Martin Bell Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon CETIC (African Center of Excellence in Information and Communication Technologies) University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Jimma Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Yaounde Cameroon

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its edible oil. For a perennial crop like oil palm, the use of Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) techniques helps to reduce the breeding cycle and improve the economic products. Genetic and physical maps are important for sequencing experiments since they show the exact positions of genes and other distinctive features in the chromosomal DNA. This review focuses on the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding. It assesses the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding and discusses the major factors affecting such mapping. Generating a high-density map governed by several factors, for instance, marker type, marker density, number of mapped population, and software used are the major issues treated. The general conclusion is that genome mapping is pivotal in the construction of a genetic linkage map. It helps to detect QTL and identify genes that control quantitative traits in oil palm. In perspective, the use of high-density molecular markers with a large number of markers, a large number mapping population, and up-to-date software is necessary for oil palm genome mapping.

关键词： Genome Mapping Crop Improvement Marker Assisted Selection Oil Palm Biotechnology