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具有主动阻力的膝关节矫正器对髌股关节疼痛患者肌肉活动的影响(上)

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中华骨科杂志 2008年第6期28卷 526-528页

作者： Naiquan Zheng glenn s.fleisig James R.Andrews Bo Gao 美国北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特分校机械工程系美国运动医学研究所 3. 美国佛罗里达大学生物医学工程系

髌股关节疼痛综合征(patellofemoral pain syn-drome,PFPs)通常由关节的承重异常所致。可调节阻力的膝关节矫正器能够在膝关节屈曲时提供阻力,逐渐发展为一种治疗髌股关节疼痛的有效手段。本文的研究目的是考察膝关节在具有主动阻力的... 详细信息

髌股关节疼痛综合征(patellofemoral pain syn-drome,PFPs)通常由关节的承重异常所致。可调节阻力的膝关节矫正器能够在膝关节屈曲时提供阻力,逐渐发展为一种治疗髌股关节疼痛的有效手段。本文的研究目的是考察膝关节在具有主动阻力的矫正器(Protonics装置)保护下完成不同活动时腿部肌电活动的变化。我们假设在配戴膝关节矫正器后,股四头肌和腘肌的肌电活动会相应发生改变。18例PFPs患者在配戴与不配戴矫正器的两种情况分别下进行测试,10名对照组受试者在不配戴矫正器的情况下进行测试。测试活动包括:上下楼梯、水平地面行走、下蹲以及跨步。活动过程中的膝关节屈曲度由运动分析系统实时测量,3个股四头肌和2个腘肌的肌电活动信号由肌电仪(electromyogra-phy,EMG)同步记录。研究结果显示,在配戴膝关节矫正器后,股四头肌和腘肌的活动有明显变化。这些变化通常具有阶段性而非贯穿于整个运动范围。本研究表明在日常活动以及康复训练时配戴膝关节矫正器对于改善髌股关节疼痛综合征具有良好的作用。

关键词：阻力膝关节矫正器

在背撑蹲起和单腿支撑蹲起过程中十字韧带的受力分析(上)

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中华骨科杂志 2009年第11期29卷 1085-1088页

作者： Naiquan Zheng Rafael F.Escamilla glenn s.fleisig Kevin E.Wilk James R.Andews 美国北卡罗来纳大学夏洛特机械工程和工程科学系生物医学工程中心美国加利福尼亚大学理疗系美国运动医学中心 4. 冠军运动医学中心 5. 安德鲁斯研究教育中心

蹲起等负重练习是运动员训练髋关节和大腿肌肉的常用方法。理疗师和训练师也经常将深蹲训练作为前十字韧带(ACL)和后十字韧带(PCL)的康复训练,以加快韧带的康复速度,更早地恢复其功能。一些文献报道,在使用哑铃或体重的负重蹲起训练中,... 详细信息

蹲起等负重练习是运动员训练髋关节和大腿肌肉的常用方法。理疗师和训练师也经常将深蹲训练作为前十字韧带(ACL)和后十字韧带(PCL)的康复训练,以加快韧带的康复速度,更早地恢复其功能。一些文献报道,在使用哑铃或体重的负重蹲起训练中,PCL所受张力在300～2700N,在整个膝关节运动过程中ACL一般不受力。另外一些蹲起研究结果则与之相反,认为ACL所受力的峰值出现在0°～60°屈曲范围内,力值约30～

关键词：背撑蹲起单腿支撑蹲起十字韧带受力分析

跨步或不跨步下的前弓步和侧弓步动作中的髌股关节压力与应力(一)

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中华骨科杂志 2009年第6期29卷 605-608页

作者： Naiquan Zheng Rafael F Escamilla glenn s.fleisig Kevin E Wilk James R Andrews 美国北卡罗来纳大学机械工程和工程科学系生物医学工程中心美国阿拉巴马州伯明翰市美国运动医学研究所 4. 美国阿拉巴马州伯明翰市冠军运动医学中心美国加利福尼亚大学理疗系

背景:在髌股关节康复训练中经常进行负重的弓步动作,但这种动作下的髌股关节压力和应力状况尚不明确。方法:18名受试者在负重下做跨步和不跨步的前弓步和侧弓步动作,负重重量为可进行12次重复动作的最大负荷。将肌电学、测力平台以及运... 详细信息

背景:在髌股关节康复训练中经常进行负重的弓步动作,但这种动作下的髌股关节压力和应力状况尚不明确。方法:18名受试者在负重下做跨步和不跨步的前弓步和侧弓步动作,负重重量为可进行12次重复动作的最大负荷。将肌电学、测力平台以及运动学数据输入生物力学模型中,计算不同膝关节屈曲角度下的髌股关节压力和应力。结果:髌股关节的压力和应力随膝关节屈曲角度增加而增高,随膝关节屈曲角度减小而降低。膝关节屈曲80°～90°时.侧弓步下的髌股关节压力和应力大于前弓步;膝关节屈曲10°～50°时,跨步下的髌股关节压力和应力大于不跨步。弓步和跨步之间无明显的相互作用。膝关节屈曲0°～50°时髌股关节压力和应力小于膝关节屈曲60°～90°时的压力和应力,因此在髌股关节康复训练早期应限制膝关节屈曲在50°以内。解释:为了尽量减小髌股关节的压力和应力,应当在不跨步下进行前弓步和侧弓步练习,尤其是膝关节屈曲0°～50°时。了解不同弓步间髌股关节压力和应力的差异,可能有助于临床医生制定更加安全有效的康复训练方法。

关键词：侧弓动作髌股关节压力膝关节屈曲

Morphology and morphometry of two hybridizing buntings at their hybrid zone in northern Iran reveal intermediate and transgressive morphotypes

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 523-532页

作者： Ali Gholamhosseini Mansour Aliabadian Till Topfer glenn-Peter sætre Ornithology Research Laboratory Department of BiologySchool of ScienceShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesFerdowsi University of MashhadMashhadIran Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change Zoological Research Museum Alexander KoenigCentre for Taxonomy and MorphologyBonnGermany Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary synthesis(CEEs) Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloNorway

The closely related Black-headed Bunting(Emberiza melanocephala,a western Palearctic lineage)and Red-headed Bunting(Emberiza bruniceps,an eastern Palearctic lineage)hybridize and replace each other south of the Caspian *** parental species have distinct phenotypes and therefore morphology is useful for assessing hybridization in the contact *** the years of 1940 and 1977,quite a few hybrids were collected and studied *** then,the hybrid zone appears to have expanded westwards,but there has been a time gap in the collection of morphological *** we reanalyze bunting specimens morphologically and compare the historical data with recent *** and phenotypic traits from three time periods(1940,1977 and recent)were studied to assess phenotypic variation of hybrids,pattern of hybridization,and transgressive traits in the hybrid *** results show that most of the birds in the hybrid zone exhibit intermediate phenotypes(both colors and morphometric characters),ranging from the pure phenotype of either of the parental ***,hybridization has also produced novel phenotypes not seen in any of the *** a canonical discriminant function analysis,the morphometric characters separated each parental species and the hybrids quite *** results showed morphometric intermediacy of hybrids in accordance with *** observe a time trend in which recent hybrids are more similar to Red-headed Buntings phenotypically compared to historical *** pattern is likely a signature of a westward expansion of the Red-headed Bunting into the breeding range of the Black-headed Bunting.

关键词： Bunting Hybridization Intermediate phenotypes Transgressive traits

Environmentally Responsible Lightweight Passenger Vehicle Design and Manufacturing

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Automotive Innovation 2023年第3期6卷 300-310页

作者： glenn s.Daehn Katrin E.Daehn Oliver Kuttner Department of Materials science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusUSA Department of Materials science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeUSA Edision2 CharlottesvilleUSA

The mass reduction of passenger vehicles has been a great focus of academic research and federal policy initiatives of the United states with coordinated funding efforts and even a focus of a Manufacturing UsA *** potential benefit of these programs can be described as modest from a societal point of view,for example reducing vehicle mass by up to 25%with modest cost implications(under$5 per pound saved)and the ability to implement with existing manufacturing *** more aggressive reductions in greenhouse gas production are necessary and possible,while delivering the same *** is demonstrated with a higher-level design thinking exercise on an environmentally responsible lightweight vehicle,leading to the following criteria:lightweight,low aerodynamic drag,long-lived(over 30 years and 2 million miles),adaptable,electric,and used in a shared manner on average over 8 h per *** these specifications,passenger-mile demand may be met with around 1/10 of the current *** vehicles would likely have significantly different designs and construction than incumbent *** is likely future automotive production will be more analogous to current aircraft produc-tion with higher costs per pound and lower volumes,but with dramatically reduced financial and environmental cost per passenger mile,with less material per vehicle,and far less material required in the national or worldwide *** benefits of this vision include far fewer parking lots,greater accessibility to personal transportation,and improved pedestrian safety,while maintaining a vibrant and engaging *** systemic changes to the business models and research and development directions(including lightweight design and manufacturing)are discussed,which could bring forth far more sustainable personal transportation.

关键词： sustainability Personal transportation Lighgweighting Design

Testosterone and metabolic syndrome

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第2期17卷 192-196,I0006页

作者： glenn R Cunningham Departments of Medicine and Molecular and Cellular Biology Baylor College of Medicine Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center 6624 Fannin Suite 1180 Houston TX 77030 USA.

Controversies surround the usefulness of identifying patients with the metabolic syndrome （Mets）. Many of the components are accepted risk factors for cardiovascular disease （CVD）. Although the Mets as defined includes many men with insulin resistance, insulin resistance is not universal. The low total testosterone （TT） and sex hormone binding globulin （sHBG） levels in these men are best explained by the hyperinsulinism and increased inflammatory cytokines that accompany obesity and increased waist circumference. It is informative that low sHBG levels predict future development of the Mets. Evidence is strong relating low TT levels to CVD in men with and without the Mets; however, the relationship may not be causal. The recommendations of the International Diabetes Federation for managing the Mets include cardiovascular risk assessment, lifestyle changes in diet, exercise, weight reduction and treatment of individual components of the Mets. Unfortunately, it is uncommon to see patients with the Mets lose and maintain a 10% weight loss. Recent reports showing testosterone treatment induced dramatic changes in weight, waist circumference, insulin sensitivity, hemoglobin Alc levels and improvements in each of the components of the Mets are intriguing. While some observational studies have reported that testosterone replacement therapy increases cardiovascular events, the Food and Drug Administration in the United states has reviewed these reports and found them to be seriously flawed. Large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to provide more definitive data regarding the efficacy and safety of this treatment in middle and older men with the Mets and low TT levels.

关键词： cardiovascular risk metabolic syndrome sex hormone binding globulin testosterone testosterone replacement therapy

Youth Council Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction in Infanta and Makati,Philippines:A Policy Review

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2013年第3期4卷 126-136页

作者： glenn Fernandez Rajib shaw Graduate school of Global Environmental studies Kyoto UniversityYoshida HonmachiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan

Participatory disaster risk reduction(DRR) has been promoted to integrate the views of multiple actors and stakeholders and involve people in the decisions that affect their lives. since 1974, a number of national policies in the Philippines have been encouraging the involvement of the Filipino youth in DRR initiatives in their communities. This study reviews the implementation of these policies through the sangguniang Kabataan(youth councils) in Infanta Municipality and Makati City on the island of Luzon. It attempts to show the discrepancies between ideal scenarios reflected in the policies and actual youth council participation in DRR in practice by examining the availability of funds for youth councils to conduct DRR activities;the knowledge of youth council officials on the 2010 DRR law(Republic Act 10121);and the role of youth council officials in the Barangay(village level) DRR Committees. several recommendations on how to enhance youth council participation in DRR are presented. Lessons from the Philippine policy experience can be useful for other countries in raising the involvement of their youth in DRR.

关键词： disaster island council

Combined influence of Ce(Ⅲ)and iodide ions for corrosion protection of AA 2024-T3 in acidic to neutral chloride-rich environments:Electrochemical and surface characterization studies

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第2期41卷 309-320页

作者： Mohammed A.El-Hashemy Anthony E.Hughes Thomas Gengenbach A.Matthew glenn Ivan s.Cole Chemistry Department College of ScienceJouf UniversityP.O.Box 2014SakakaAljoufSaudi Arabia Air Pollution Research Department Environmental and Climate Change Research InstituteNational Research CentreDokkiGiza12622Egypt CsIRO Mineral Resources ClaytonVic3168Australia CsIRO Manufacturing ClaytonVic3168Australia school of Engineering RMIT UniversityCarltonVic3053Australia

It has been reported that trivalent cerium salts are effective inhibitors for corrosion of AA2024-T3 in neutral to alkaline co rrosive enviro nments,but poor in acidic *** this study,work was done for extending corrosion resistance provided by Ce(NO_(3))_(3)to acidic pHs as low as 2.5 through the addition of iodide *** this end,potentiodynamic polarization was used to ascertain the optimum Ce(Ⅲ)concentration for the inhibition of AA2024-T3 corrosion in 3.5%NaCl *** optimum concentration is found to be in a range between 0.1 and 0.3 mmol/L Ce(Ⅲ).This optimum concentration also gives a maximum width of the passive region under the pitting potential(Epit).Based on this optimization,further work was performed as a function of pH without and in the presence of 0.01 mol/L KI at five pH values(2.5,4,5,7,and 8).Without iodide the best inhibition provided by the Ce(Ⅲ)cation is at pH=7 but active corrosion is observed at pH=2.5 with an estimated inhibitor efficiency(-37.6%).The addition of iodide ions(I^(-))reverses the poor corrosion resistance whereby the inhibitor efficiency becomes 47.7%.Moreover,at pH=4 the efficiency is also increased from 54.0%to 81.0%with iodide addition providing a significant improvement over Ce(Ⅲ)cations alone under acidic *** is a synergistic effect between I-anion and Ce(Ⅲ)cation,which is determined to be 2.4 and 2.1 at pH=2.5and 4.0,*** pH=5 and 7 there is virtually no change in inhibition but at pH=8 the inhibition falls away due to a considerable amount of cerium precipitating out of solution as cerium *** protective film formed on sites in the aluminium alloy surface at different pH values was examined by both scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the role of these ions as a function of pH in surface *** is proposed that at pH=2.5 protection is provided by a bilayer adsorption of iodide with"cap

关键词： Aluminium alloy Cerium(Ⅲ)salt Potassium iodide Corrosion inhibitor XPs Rare earths

stratigraphic systems:origin and application

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