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Advances in teleophthalmology and artificial intelligence for diabetic retinopathy screening:a narrative review

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第2期9卷 24-37页

作者： Tanvi Chokshi maria Jessica Cruz Jonathon Ross glenn Yiu Tschannen Eye Institute Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavis HealthSacramentoCAUSA Department of Research College of MedicineCalifornia Northstate UniversityElk GroveCAUSA

Background and Objective:Advances in teleophthalmology and artificial intelligence(AI)for diabetic retinal screening is of growing public health ***,only 30–40%of patients with diabetes adhere to recommended diabetes screening *** enhance early detection and reduce vision threatening complications,there has been a growing number of teleophthalmology programs and novel AI algorithms with the aim to improve eye care *** purpose of this review is to assess current literature on teleophthalmology and AI for use in diabetic retinopathy(DR)screening,and to discuss advances and barriers to these innovative ***:Literature review involving teleophthalmology and AI for DR screening,with focus on the past *** Content and Findings:Teleophthalmology has demonstrated the ability to increase DR screening rates,enable earlier eye care access,and reduce healthcare *** AI-based DR screening programs appear accurate and effective,but detection of other ocular pathologies is still under development and not yet approved in the United ***,technological,financial,and legal barriers limit widespread adoption and long-term sustainability of teleophthalmology ***:The use of teleophthalmology and AI algorithms expands eye care access and helps prevent vision loss from DR and potentially other sight threatening *** in the process utilized for arriving at a particular diagnosis or decision to refer,often referred to as the“black box”,remains a multifaceted issue within the field of telemedicine for developing trust and improving patient-centered outcomes.

关键词： Teleophthalmology artificial intelligence(AI) diabetic retinopathy(DR) screening public health

Estimating the effects of meteorology on Pm_(2.5) reduction during the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 331-341页

作者： Liu YANG Ye WU Jerry m.davis Jiming HAO School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Health and Environmental Impacts DivisionUS Environmental Protection AgencyRaleighNC 27513USA

Particulate pollution was a critical challenge to the promise of good air quality during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games,which took place from August 8th to *** ensure good air quality for the Games,several temporary emission control measures were implemented in Beijing and surrounding *** particulate matter concentration decreased significantly during the Olympic period;however,it is difficult to distinguish the effectiveness of those control measures since meteorology also affects ambient Pm_(2.5) *** this work,a multiple linear regression model based on continuous field monitoring at a roadside site was conducted to evaluate the effects of meteorology and emission control measures on the reduction of Pm_(2.5) during the 2008 Olympic *** hourly data set was divided into two time periods,the no control period,June 22nd to July 4th,and the control period,July 28th to August *** response variable was Pm_(2.5) and the meteorology covariates used in the model were hourly temperature,dew point temperature,wind speed and *** direction was not a significant predictor of Pm_(2.5) levels in either the control or the no control *** the meteorologically-based regression coefficients from the two time periods,meteorology was found to contribute to at least a 16%reduction in Pm_(2.5) levels in the roadside microenvironment;while the pollution control measures contributed to at least a 43%reduction in Pm_(2.5) levels.

关键词： meteorology emission control measures Beijing Olympic Games Pm_(2.5) linear statistical models

A pentaploid-based linkage map of the ancestral octoploid strawberry Fragaria virginiana reveals instances of sporadic hyper-recombination

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1796-1810页

作者： Thomas m.davis Yilong Yang Lise L.mahoney Daniel C.Frailey Department of Agriculture Nutritionand Food SystemsUniversity of New HampshireDurhamNH 03824USA

The first high-resolution genetic linkage map of the ancestral octoploid(2n=8x=56)strawberry species,Fragaria virginiana,was constructed using segregation data obtained from a pentaploid progeny *** novel mapping population of size 178 was generated by crossing highly heterozygous *** hybrid“LB48”as a paternal parent with diploid(2n=2x=14)Fragaria vesca“Hawaii 4”.The LB48 linkage map comprises 6055 markers genotyped on the Axiom®IStraw90 strawberry SNP *** map consists of 28 linkage groups(LGs)organized into seven homoeology groups of four LGs each,and excludes a small 29th LG of undefined *** member of each homoeology group was assignable to an“A”subgenome associated with ancestral diploid Fragaria vesca,while no other subgenomes were *** an intriguing discrepancy within homoeology group VI,synteny comparisons with the previously published Fragaria×ananassa DA×mO linkage map revealed substantial *** initial map construction,examination of crossover distributions revealed that six of the total 5162(=29 chromosomes/individual×178 individuals)chromosomes making up the data set exhibited abnormally high crossover counts,ranging from 15 to 48 crossovers per chromosome,as compared with the overall mean of 0.66 crossovers per *** of these six hyper-recombinant(HypR)chromosomes occurred in a different LG and in a different *** calculated upon exclusion of the six HypR chromosomes,the canonical(i.e.,broadly representative)LB48 map had 1851 loci distributed over a total map length of 1873 cm,while their inclusion increased the number of loci by 130,and the overall map length by 91 *** of these hyper-recombinant chromosomes points to the existence of a sporadically acting mechanism that,if identified and manipulable,could be usefully harnessed for multiple purposes by geneticists and breeders.

关键词： Fragaria straw linkage

Early anticoagulation in patients with stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated with fewer ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gawarikar Ronak Patel matthew Lee-Archer Andrew Wong michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew Lee Kee meng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen m.davis mark Parsons Bernard Yan melbourne Brain Centre at Royal melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,with guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-weighted imaging ischaemic *** aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on mRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(mic lesions and more haemorrhages in the early anticoagulant group at 1-month *** A prospective multicentre,observational cohort study was performed at 11 Australian stroke *** and mRI data were collected at baseline and follow-up,with blinded imaging assessment performed by two *** of commencement of anticoagulation was at the discretion of the treating stroke *** We recruited 276 patients of whom 208 met the eligibility *** average age was 74.2 years(SD±10.63),and 79(38%)patients were *** National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score was 5(IQR 1–12).median baseline ischaemic lesion volume was 5mL(IQR 2–17).There were a greater number of new ischaemic lesions on follow-up mRI in patients commenced on anticoagulation≥4days after index event(17%vs 8%,p=0.04),but no difference in haemorrhage rates(22%vs 32%,p=0.10).Baseline ischaemic lesion volume of≤5mL was less likely to have a new haemorrhage at 1month(p=0.02).There was no difference in haemorrhage rates in patients with an initial ischaemic lesion volume of>5mL,regardless of anticoagulation *** Commencing anticoagulationmic lesions at 1month in AF *** is no increased rate of haemorrhage with early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

两种富含甘氨酸的RNA结合蛋白参与选择性剪接实现对水稻耐热性的昼夜节律调控

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Science Bulletin 2024年第1期69卷 59-71页

作者：杨闯罗安妮芦海平 Seth Jon davis 刘建祥 State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Biology University of YorkYork YO105DDUK

Rice(Oryza sativa L.)production is threatened by global warming associated with extreme high temperatures,and rice heat sensitivity is differed when stress occurs between daytime and ***,the underlying molecular mechanism are largely *** show here that two glycine-rich RNA binding proteins,Os GRP3 and Os GRP162,are required for thermotolerance in rice,especially at *** rhythmic expression of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 peaks at midnight,and at these coincident times,is increased by heat *** is largely dependent on the evening complex component Os *** next found that the double mutant of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 is strikingly more sensitive to heat stress in terms of survival rate and seed setting rate when comparing to the wild-type ***,the defect in thermotolerance is more evident when heat stress occurred in nighttime than that in *** heat stress,the double mutant of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 displays globally reduced expression of heat-stress responsive genes,and increases of m RNA alternative splicing dominated by *** study thus reveals the important role of Os GRP3/Os GRP162 in thermotolerance in rice,and unravels the mechanism on how Os GRP3/Os GRP162 regulate thermotolerance in a diurnal manner.

关键词： Alternative splicing Diurnal regulation Glycine-rich protein Oryza sativa L. Thermotolerance

Immunology taught by humans

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Immunology taught by humans

Pancreatic stromal Gremlin 1 expression during pancreatic tumorigenesis

第八届全国免疫学学术大会

作者： mark m.davis Howard Hughes medical Institute Stanford University School of Medicine

While we have learned a great deal about basic immunology from the laboratory mouse model,it has significant limitations in terms of genetics,environmental exposure and evolutionary distance from human *** we used both peptide-mHC tetramers and systems biology approaches to study the human immune *** respect to theαβT cell repertoire,we find that healthy adults have an abundance of self-specific

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第1期9卷 108-115页

作者： Joy m.davis Binglu Cheng madeline m.Drake Qiang Yu Baibing Yang Jing Li Chunhui Liu mamoun Younes Xiurong Zhao Jennifer m.Bailey Qiang Shen Tien C.Ko Yanna Cao Department of Surgery The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pathology&Laboratory medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Neurology The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Internal medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Genetics Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a major risk factor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC).How CP promotes pancreatic oncogenesis remains unclear.A characteristic feature of PDAC is its prominent desmoplasia in the tumor microenvironment,composed of activated fibroblasts and *** can be characterized as m1 or m2,with tumor-inhibiting or-promoting functions,*** reported that Gremlin 1(GREm1),a key pro-fibrogenic factor,is upregulated in the stroma of *** current study aimed to investigate the expression of GREm1 and correlation between GREm1 and macrophages within the pancreas during chronic inflammation and the development of *** mRNA in situ hybridization,we detected GREm1 mRNA expression withinα-smooth muscle actin(SmA)-positive fibroblasts of the pancreatic *** designated FibroblastsGrem1+marginally increased from CP to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia(PanIN)and *** PDAC,FibroblastsGrem1+increased with higher pathological tumor stages and in a majority of PDAC subtypes ***,FibroblastsGrem1+positively correlated with total macrophages(macCD68+)and m2 macrophages(m2CD163+)in *** begin exploring potential molecular links between FibroblastsGrem1+and macrophages in PDAC,we examined the expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor(mIF),an endogenous counteracting molecule of GREm1 and an m1 macrophage promoting *** IHC staining of mIF,we found mIF to be expressed by tumor cells,positively correlated with GREm1;by IHC co-staining,we found mIF to be negatively correlated with m2CD163+*** findings suggest that GREm1 expression by activated fibroblasts may promote PDAC development,and GREm1/mIF may play an important role in macrophage phenotype.

关键词： Fibroblasts Gremlin 1 macrophage migration inhibitory factor macrophages

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γ拟钉螺等位基因的研究

中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 1999年第2期17卷 84-86页

作者：曾肖芃陈翠娥丁建祖 GEORGE m.davis 浙江省医学科学院寄生虫病研究所美国费城自然科学院

目的：探讨γ拟钉螺分类演化的遗传学基础。方法：用微量平面淀粉胶电泳法，检测浙江省开化及淳安县６个螺群宋氏γ拟钉螺和１个螺群中国γ拟钉螺的２４种等位基因酶谱。结果：共测得２９个位点，宋氏γ拟钉螺多态位点所占比例为６．９... 详细信息

目的：探讨γ拟钉螺分类演化的遗传学基础。方法：用微量平面淀粉胶电泳法，检测浙江省开化及淳安县６个螺群宋氏γ拟钉螺和１个螺群中国γ拟钉螺的２４种等位基因酶谱。结果：共测得２９个位点，宋氏γ拟钉螺多态位点所占比例为６．９％－１３．８％；中国γ拟钉螺全部为单态位点。宋氏γ拟钉螺的种内Ｎｅｉ氏遗传距离（Ｎｅｉ＇ｓＤ）小于０．１２；但宋氏γ拟钉螺与中国γ拟钉螺两者种间Ｎｅｉ＇ｓＤ为０．７３。结论：在等位基因水平显示γ拟钉螺种内变异不明显，种间差异显著。

关键词：钉螺宋氏γ拟钉螺中国γ拟钉螺等位基因酶谱

湖北省庙河地区钉螺细胞色素C氧化酶1基因差异的研究

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中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志 2001年第1期19卷 41-44页

作者：石朝辉邱持平夏明仪冯正 George m.davis 中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所世界卫生组织疟疾血吸虫病和丝虫病合作中心卫生部寄生虫病原与媒介生物学重点实验室上海200025 美国费城自然科学院

目的　比较湖北省庙河沿岸地区钉螺CO1基因序列的差异 ,探讨光壳螺与肋壳螺差异的原因。方法　在该地区选 7个点 (上游 4个点 ,下游 3个点 )采集钉螺 ,用CTAB法提取钉螺基因组DNA ,PCR方法扩增CO1基因 ,纯化后测序 ,运用ESEE软件排序并... 详细信息

目的　比较湖北省庙河沿岸地区钉螺CO1基因序列的差异 ,探讨光壳螺与肋壳螺差异的原因。方法　在该地区选 7个点 (上游 4个点 ,下游 3个点 )采集钉螺 ,用CTAB法提取钉螺基因组DNA ,PCR方法扩增CO1基因 ,纯化后测序 ,运用ESEE软件排序并比较变异位点 ,观察各点钉螺的CO1基因单倍体型 ,运用PHYLIP软件计算遗传距离 ,绘制基因进化树。结果　获得CO1基因大小为 638bp ,上游和下游累积变异位点数分别为 2 9和 46,两者差异具有显著性 ;各采集点内钉螺按变异位点多少可分为两组 ;各采集点间存在有相同的基因单倍体型 ;上游和下游螺群之间的遗传距离为 0 0 2 2 1± 0 0 10 5 ;在FITCH绘制的基因进化树上 ,上游和下游地区钉螺交错分布在同一亚种不同的两个分支中。结论　在不同的生态环境下 ,下游地区钉螺CO1基因的变异强度比上游大 ;庙河各采集点螺群间存在一定的基因流动 ;庙河地区螺群属湖北钉螺湖北亚种 (O h hupensis) ,可能存在着两种不同进化速率的螺群。

关键词：细胞色素C氧化酶湖北钉螺基因差异日本血吸虫