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Toxic hepatitis in occupational exposure to solvents

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第22期18卷 2756-2766页

作者： Giulia Malaguarnera Emanuela Cataudella Maria Giordano giuseppe Nunnari giuseppe Chisari Mariano Malaguarnera Research Centre "The Great Senescence" University of Catania Department of Infective Diseases Hospital "Garibaldi di Nesima" University of Catania Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department of Biomedical Science Hospital Policlinico University of Catania

The liver is the main organ responsible for the metabolism of drugs and toxic chemicals, and so is the primary target organ for many organic solvents. Work activities with hepatotoxins exposures are numerous and, moreover, organic solvents are used in various industrial processes. Organic solvents used in different industrial processes may be associated with hepatotoxicity. Several factors contribute to liver toxicity; among these are: species differences, nutritional condition, genetic factors, interaction with medications in use, alcohol abuse and interaction, and age. This review addresses the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity. The main pathogenic mechanisms responsible for functional and organic damage caused by solvents are: inflammation, dysfunction of cytochrome P450, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The health impact of exposure to solvents in the workplace remains an interesting and worrying question for professional health work.

关键词： Work activity Hepatotoxicity Hepatotoxin Occupational disease Inflammation

COVID-19:why not learn from the past?

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Frontiers of Medicine 2021年第5期15卷 776-781页

作者： Elena Zocchi giuseppe Terrazzano Department of Experimental Medicine(DIMES) University of GenovaItaly Department of Sciences University of BasilicataPotenzaItaly

The numbers of the COVID-19 pandemic With 194 million cases worldwide and 4.16 million deaths(as of July 2021),the ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is second only to the 1918–1920 flu pandemic in the number of(estimated)cases and ***,while scientific knowledge on the H1N1 virus was non-existent in 1918,the same cannot be stated regarding the dramatic potential of novel coronaviruses,like the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),to cause harm to human health.

关键词： acute cases respiratory

Diagnostic delay in oral squamous cell carcinoma: the role of cognitive and psychological variables

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第1期6卷 39-45页

作者： Vera Panzarella giuseppe Pizzo Francesco Calvino Domenico Compilato giuseppe Colella Giuseppina Campisi Department of Surgical Oncological and Oral Sciences University of Palermo Department of Head/Neck Surgery Oral Cavity and Audio/Verbal Communication Second University of Naples

This retrospective study investigated, in two cohorts of subjects living in Southern Italy and awaiting treatment for oral squamous cell carcinoma （OSCC）, the variables related to diagnostic delay ascribable to the patient, with particular reference to the cognitive and psychological ones. A total of 156 patients with OSCC （mean age： 62 years, M/F： 2.39 ： 1） were recruited at the Universities of Palermo and Naples. Risk factors related to patient delay included： sociodemographic, health-related, cognitive and psychological variables. The analysis was conducted by considering two different delay ranges： dichotomous （≤1 month vs. 〉 1 month） and polytomous （〈1 month, 1-3 months, 〉3 months） delay. Data were investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses and a Pvalue≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. For both delay measurements, the most relevant variables were：＇Personal experience of cancer＇（dichotomous delay： P=0.05, odds ratio （0R）=0.33, 95% confidence interval （CI）=0. 11-0.99; polytomous delay： P=0.006, Chi-square= 10.224） and ＇Unawareness＇（dichotomous delay： P〈0.01, 0R=4.96, 95% CI--2.16-11.37; polytomous delay： P=0.087, Chi-square=4.77）. Also ＇Denial＇（P〈0.01, 0R=6.84, 95% CI=2.31-20.24） and ＇Knowledge of cancer＇（P=0.079, Chi-square=8.359） were found to be statistically significant both for dichotomous and for polytomous categorization of delay, respectively. The findings of this study indicated that, in the investigated cohorts, the knowledge about cancer issues is strongly linked to the patient delay. Educational interventions on the Mediterranean population are necessary in order to increase the patient awareness and to emphasize his/her key role in early diagnosis of OSCC.

关键词： cognitive/psychological factors diagnosis oral squamous cell carcinoma patient delay

Oxidative stress, cardiolipin and mitochondrial dysfunction in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第39期20卷 14205-14218页

作者： giuseppe Paradies Valeria Paradies Francesca M Ruggiero giuseppe Petrosillo Department of Biosciences Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics University of Bari 70126 Bari Italy Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics National Research Council 70126 Bari Italy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is today considered the most common form of chronic liver disease, affecting a high proportion of the population worldwide. NAFLD encompasses a large spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis, advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Obesity, hyperglycemia, type 2 diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia are the most important risk factors. The pathogenesis of NAFLD and its progression to fibrosis and chronic liver disease is still unknown. Accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a key role in the physiopathology of NAFLD, although the mechanisms underlying this dysfunction are still unclear. Oxidative stress is considered an important factor in producing lethal hepatocyte injury associated with NAFLD. Mitochondrial respiratory chain is the main subcellular source of reactive oxygen species(ROS), which may damage mitochondrial proteins, lipids and mitochondrial DNA. Cardiolipin, a phospholipid located at the level of the inner mitochondrial membrane, plays an important role in several reactions and processes involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as in mitochondrial dependent steps of apoptosis. This phospholipid is particularly susceptible to ROS attack. Cardiolipin peroxidation has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in multiple tissues in several physiopathological conditions, including NAFLD. In this review, we focus on the potential roles played by oxidative stress and cardiolipin alterations in mitochondrial dysfunction associated with NAFLD.

关键词： Oxidative stress Cardiolipin Mitochondrial bioenergetics Antioxidants Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Soil genetic erosion: New conceptual developments in soil security

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第4期7卷 317-324页

作者： Carmelo Dazzi giuseppe Lo Papa University of Palermo Italy Department of Agricultural Food and Forest Sciences Viale delle Scienze 90128 PalermoItaly

In the last decades,in some Mediterranean areas,pedodiversity decreased mainly due to pedotechnique application in large-scale farming that transformed original soils into *** the consideration that soils can be considered as living systems,the original concept of'soil genetic erosion'is ***,extrapolated and modeled from a Soil Information System in a study case representative of a Mediterranean landscape,predicted that most of the soil types would disappear in few years leading to a decrease of the soil diversity and originating soil genetic *** circumstance is intentionally here told in form of a story where the fairy tale characters are some roils facing extinction in the *** genetic erosion could result in a negative impact on the environment because it reduces the soil's security through a drastic reduction of the soil ecosystem services with a decrease of the immaterial benefit for the *** conviction that soils,as well as animals and plants,are living bodies,and pedodiversity is equally important as biodiversity in maintaining sustainability and ecosystem services,might truly attract the attention of the public ***,focussing more on the soil economic dimension and strengthening the assignation of'economic value'to the soil ecosystem services,also politicians and administrators could increase their interest in soil security.

关键词： Soil genetic erosion Pedodiversity Anthropogenic soils Soil ecosystem services Soil security

Manometric assessment of idiopathic megarectum in constipated children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第38期11卷 6027-6030页

作者： giuseppe Chiarioni giuseppe de Roberto Alessandro Mazzocchi Antonio Morelli Gabrio Bassotti Gastroenterological Rehabilitation Division of the University of Verona Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section

AIM: Chronic constipation is a frequent finding in children. In this age range, the concomitant occurrence of megarectum is not uncommon. However, the definition of megarectum is variable, and a few data exist for *** studied anorectal manometric variables and sensation in a group of constipated children with megarectum defined by radiologic criteria. Data from this group were compared with those obtained in a similar group of children with recurrent abdominal ***: Anorectal testing was carried out in both groups by standard manometric technique and rectal balloon expulsion ***: Megarectum patients displayed discrete abnormalities of anorectal variables and sensation with respect to controls. In particular, the pelvic floor function appeared to be impaired in most ***: Constipated children with megarectum have abnormal anorectal function and sensation. These findings may be helpful for a better understanding of the pathophysiological basis of this condition.

关键词： Constipation Manometry Megarectum

Resilient Control in Large-Scale Networked Cyber-Physical Systems: Guest Editorial

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第5期7卷 1201-1203页

作者： giuseppe Franze Giancarlo Fortino Xianghui Cao giuseppe Maria Luigi Sarne Zhen Song University of Calabria Italy Southeast University China University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria Italy First State IoT China

RECENT advances in sensing,communication and computing have open the door to the deployment of largescale networks of sensors and actuators that allow fine-grain monitoring and control of a multitude of physical processes and *** appellation used by field experts for these paradigms is Cyber-Physical Systems(CPS)because the dynamics among computers,networking media/resources and physical systems interact in a way that multi-disciplinary technologies(embedded systems,computers,communications and controls)are required to accomplish prescribed ***,they are expected to play a significant role in the design and development of future engineering applications such as smart grids,transportation systems,nuclear plants and smart factories.

关键词： computer networks smart

Strong Stability Preserving IMEX Methods for Partitioned Systems of Differential Equations

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2021年第4期3卷 719-758页

作者： giuseppe Izzo Zdzislaw Jackiewicz Member of the INdAM Research group GNCS Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni“R.Caccioppoli”Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II80126 NapoliItaly School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA Faculty of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Science and TechnologyKrakowPoland

We investigate strong stability preserving(SSP)implicit-explicit(IMEX)methods for partitioned systems of differential equations with stiff and nonstiff *** for order p and stage order q=p are derived,and characterization of SSP IMEX methods is provided following the recent work by *** properties of these methods with respect to the decoupled linear system with a complex parameter,and a coupled linear system with real parameters are also *** of methods up to the order p=4 and stage order q—p are *** examples on six partitioned test systems confirm that the derived methods achieve the expected order of convergence for large range of stepsizes of integration,and they are also suitable for preserving the accuracy in the stiff limit or preserving the positivity of the numerical solution for large stepsizes.

关键词： Partitioned systems of differential equations SSP property IMEX general linear methods Construction of highly stable methods

NK2 homeobox gene cluster: Functions and roles in human diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第5期10卷 2038-2048页

作者： Catia Mio Federica Baldan giuseppe Damante Dipartimento di Area Medica Universitàdegli Studi di UdineUdine 33100Italy Istituto di Genetica Medica Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli CentraleUdine 33100Italy

NK2 genes (NKX2 gene cluster in humans) encode for homeodomain-containing transcription factors that are conserved along the phylogeny. According to the most detailed classifications, vertebrate NKX2 genes are classified into two distinct families, NK2.1 and NK2.2 . The former is constituted by NKX2-1 and NKX2-4 genes, which are homologous to the Drosophila scro gene;the latter includes NKX2-2 and NKX2-8 genes, which are homologous to the Drosophila vnd gene. Conservation of these genes is not only related to molecular structure and expression, but also to biological functions. In Drosophila and vertebrates, NK2 genes share roles in the development of ventral regions of the central nervous system. In vertebrates, NKX2 genes have a relevant role in the development of several other organs such as the thyroid, lung, and pancreas. Loss-of-function mutations in NKX2-1 and NKX2-2 are the monogenic cause of the brain-lung-thyroid syndrome and neonatal diabetes, respectively. Alterations in NKX2-4 and NKX2-8 genes may play a role in multifactorial diseases, autism spectrum disorder, and neural tube defects, respectively. NKX2-1 , NKX2-2 , and NKX2-8 are expressed in various cancer types as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Several data indicate that evaluation of their expression in tumors has diagnostic and/or prognostic value.

关键词： Drosophila melanogaster Evolutionary conservation Homeobox Homeotic genes NK2 genes