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Why Sustainable Porous Carbon Should be Further Explored as Radar-Absorbing Material? A Comparative Study with Different Nanostructured Carbons

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第10期12卷 1639-1659页

作者： Alan F.N.Boss Manuella G.C.Munhoz gisele amaral-labat Rodrigo G.A.Lima Leonardo I.Medeiros Nila C.F.L.Medeiros Beatriz C.S.Fonseca Flavia L.Braghiroli Guilherme F.B.Lenz e Silva Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of de São PauloAvenida Mello MoraesCidade UniversitáriaSão PauloSP 05508-030Brazil Coordination of Applied Research and Technological Development National Institute for Space ResearchAvenida dos AstronautasJardim da GranjaSão Josédos CamposSP 12227-010Brazil Department of Exact and Technological Sciences Santa Cruz State UniversityRodovia Jorge Amadokm16IlhéusBA 45662900Brazil Institut de recherche sur les forêts Universitédu Québec en Abitibi-TémiscamingueRouyn-Noranda445 Bd de l’UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada

Radar Absorbing Materials(RAM)are a class of composites that can attenuate incident electromagnetic waves to avoid radar *** carbon allotropes that have the potential to be used as RAM are either carbon nano-tubes(CNTs),graphene,carbon black(CB)and ultimately,sustainable porous carbon(SPC).Here,black wattle bark waste(following tannin extraction)was used as a sustainable source to produce SPC made from biomass *** was characterized and used as aﬁller for a silicone rubber matrix to produce aﬂexible *** elec-tromagnetic performance of this composite was compared with composites made with commercial CB and CNT through reﬂection loss(RL),where-10 dB is equivalent to 90%of *** composites were evaluated in single-layer,double-layer,and as radar absorbing structures(RAS)with the aim of improving their effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)performances and a reduction in *** CNT composite presented a RL of-26.85 dB at 10.89 GHz and an EAB of 2.6 GHz with a 1.9 mm thickness,while the double-layer structures using CNT and SPC provided a RL of-19.74 dB at 10.75 GHz and an EAB of 2.51 ***,the double-layer structures are~42%cheaper than the composite using only CNT since less material is ***,the largest EAB was achieved with a RAS using SPC,reaching~2.8 GHz and a RL of-49.09 dB at 10.4 ***,SPC made of black wattle bark waste can be a competitive,alternative material for use as RAM and RAS since it is cheaper,sustainable,and suitable for daily life uses such as absorbers for anechoic chambers,sensors,and elec-tromagnetic interference shields for electronics,wallets,vehicles,and others.

关键词： Microwave absorption material tannin waste dielectric constant carbon composite reﬂectivity

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Satellite-enabled enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael T.Resende Lee Hickey Cibele H.amaral Lucas L.Peixoto Gustavo E.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil TheCROP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Earth Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Environmental Data Science Innovation&Inclusion Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Joa˜o del-Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

Enviromics refers to the characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on large-scale environmental *** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapolation at a site-specific level,enviromics could inform plant breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental factors),and remote sensing could help unravel the complex interplay of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal,exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental profiles would significantly improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management platforms aggregate diverse environmental datasets obtained using optical,thermal,radar,and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors that capture detailed information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** wealth of information,coupled with freely available climate data,fuels innovative enviromics *** enviromics holds immense potential for breeding,a few obstacles remain,such as the need for(1)integrative methodologies to systematically collect field data to scale and expand observations across the landscape with satellite data;(2)state-of-the-art AI models for data integration,simulation,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scales and providing seamless interfaces to deliver forecasts to stakeholders;and(4)collaboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiologists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** these challenges is essential for leveraging the full potential of big data captured by satellites to transform 21st century agriculture and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive models enviromic information

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Starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human Supplementation

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1343-1354页

作者： Fabio Tamanini Tatiane Zucchini de Souza Creusa Sayuri Tahara amaral Antônio JoséFelix Carvalho Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological Sciences University of Araraquara(UNIARA)São Paulo14801-340Brazil Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo13563-120Brazil

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersibleﬁlm(ODF),was designed and *** composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a ***,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral *** study shows a simple and efﬁcient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersibleﬁlms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical ***ﬁlms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent *** tests showed theﬁlms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling *** uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration *** tests in artiﬁcial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of theﬁlm for oral drug *** the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

关键词： Starch orodispersibleﬁlm melatonin drug delivery

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Possible Uses for Silymarin in Human Health: Systematic Review

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 95-109页

作者： gisele Mara Silva Gonçalves Andre Bernardo de Camargo Eisingher Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas) Campinas Brazil

Silymarin, from the fruit of Silybum marianum, is known for its hepatoprotective action. The aim of this study was to review the mechanisms of action of the silymarin phytocomplex to expand the possibilities for its application in human health. The search for published articles was carried out on the CAPES Journals Portal platform, which covers worldwide scientific databases. Publications from 2010 to 2022 were included. Of the 311 articles retrieved, 21 were included. The articles discuss the diversity of silymarin’s applications and the possibility of optimizing its bioavailability using drug delivery systems. Silymarin shows promise in numerous diseases, such as liver, kidney, cardiovascular, respiratory and others. Its antiviral action has been demonstrated in studies and silymarin has the potential to be used as a complementary therapy in the treatment of many diseases, with the expectation that, in the future, it will be used in therapeutic protocols for exclusive use.

关键词： Silymarin Flavonoids Phytotherapeutic Drugs

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Analysing vaccine efficacy evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials carried out during outbreaks

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1027-1044页

作者： Francisco Antonio Bezerra Coutinho Marcos Amaku Fernanda Castro Boulos Jose Alfredo de Sousa Moreira Joao Italo DiasFranca Julio Antonio do amaral Eliana Nogueira Castro de Barros Claudio Jose Struchiner Esper Jorge Kallas Eduardo Massad School of Medicine University of Sao PauloBrazil Instituto Butantan Sao PauloBrazil School of Applied Mathematics Fundacao Getulio VargasRio de JaneiroBrazil

In this paper we examine several definitions of vaccine efficacy(VE)that we found in the literature,for diseases that express themselves in outbreaks,that is,when the force of infection grows in time,reaches a maximum and then *** fact that the disease occurs in outbreaks results in several problems that we *** propose a mathematical model that allows the calculation of VE for several *** trials usually needs a large number of volunteers that must be ***,all volunteers should be enrolled in approximately the same time,but this is generally impossible for logistic reasons and they are enrolled in a fashion that can be replaced by a continuous density function(for example,a Gaussian function).The outbreak can also be replaced by a continuous density function,and the use of these density functions simplifies the ***,for example Gaussian functions,one of the problems one can immediately notice is that the peak of the two curves do not occur at the same *** model allows us to conclude:First,the calculated vaccine efficacy decreases when the force of infection increases;Second,the calculated vaccine efficacy decreases when the gap between the peak in the force of infection and the peak in the enrollment rate increases;Third,different trial protocols can be simulated with this model;different vaccine efficacy definitions can be calculated and in our simulations,all result are approximately the *** final,and perhaps most important conclusion of our model,is that vaccine efficacy calculated during outbreaks must be carefully examined and the best way we can suggest to overcome this problem is to stratify the enrolled volunteer's in a cohort-by-cohort basis and do the survival analysis for each cohort,or apply the Cox proportional hazards model for each cohort.

关键词： Vaccine efficacy Clinical trials Mathematical models Simulations Covid-19

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Extraction of rare earth elements from a South American ionic clay

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稀土学报:英文版 2023年第9期41卷 1408-1418,I0005页

作者： John Anawati gisele Azimi Laboratory for Strategic Materials Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoOntarioM5S3E5Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto184 College StreetTorontoOntarioM5S 3E4Canada

Ionic clays,formed by the natural weathering of REE-bearing minerals and the adsorption of the resulting liberated REE ions onto the clay surface,are an important resource for critical rare earth elements(REEs).Here,a two-step desorption process using ammonium sulfate with active pH adjustment using sulfuric acid was developed to extract REEs from a South American *** desorption process was optimized using response surface methodology approach and the optimum operating conditions were determined to be 0.15 mol/L ammonium sulfate,pH 3,liquid to solid ratio of 3/1,and 25℃ with20 min residence *** is shown that this ionic clay is significantly different from previously reported clays,e.g.,from southern China,as it consists of three modes of REEs,including ion-exchanged REEs physically adsorbed on the clay surface,hydrolyzed REEs chemically adsorbed on the clay surface,and mineralized(non-desorbable) REEs within the *** investigations through progressive acidification during desorption and adsorption isotherms show that REE desorption/adsorption occurs due to the combined action of physical ion exchange adsorption and surface complexation chemical adsorption,with their relative importance depending on the pH of the system and the amount of sulfate anions present within the *** work supports overall efforts to utilize ionic clays as a relatively new resource for REEs to empower the development and adoption of modern green technologies such as wind turbines and electric vehicles.

关键词： Ionic clay Ion-exchange desorption Surface complexation Ammonium sulfate leaching Rare earths

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Feasibility of performing the 3-minute step test with remote supervision in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: A comparative study

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 83-90页

作者： Fernanda Maria Vendrusculo gisele Apolinario da Costa Maria Amelia Bagatini Brenda Maria Henrique Maia Lemes Carolina Aguiar Faria Larissa Carvalhaes de Oliveira Evanirso da Silva Aquino Marcio Vinicius Fagundes Donadio Laboratory of Pediatric Physical Activity Infant CenterPontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul(PUCRS)Porto AlegreBrazil Hospital Infantil Joao Paulo II-Fundacao Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais(FHEMIG) Belo HorizonteBrazil Departament of Physiotherapy Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais(PUCMG)-Campus BetimBetimBrazil Department of Physiotherapy Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitat Internacional de Catalunya(UIC)BarcelonaSpain

Importance:The 3-min step test is a simple option to monitor submaximal exercise capacity,although its use via remote video monitoring has not been investigated in children with cystic fibrosis(CF).Objective:This study aimed to assess the feasibility and reproducibility of performing the 3-min step test with remote ***:A cross-sectional study including CF patients(6-18 years)from two CF services were ***,anthropometric,clinical,and lung function data were collected and two 3-min step tests were performed:(i)in-person supervision,and(ii)remotely supervised by video *** and after the tests,heart rate(HR),oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),and the Borg score for dyspnea and lower limb fatigue were ***:Twenty-three patients(10.7±3.7 years)with a mean FEV1 of 89.5%±23.2%were *** were no significant differences between tests,with mean differences(95%confidence intervals)in final HR of-3.3(-8.9,2.4),change in HR of-1.9(-6.1,2.1),final SpO_(2) of 0.3(-0.4,1.0),and final dyspnea of 0.1(-0.8,0.9).The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.852(final HR),0.762(final SpO_(2)),and 0.775(final lower limb fatigue).Significant and moderate correlations were found between tests for final HR(r=0.75),change in HR(r=0.61),and final SpO_(2)(r=0.61).The Bland-Altman analysis showed a mean difference in final SpO_(2) between tests of 0.3%(limit of agreement-3.0%,3.5%).Interpretation:Physiological responses between tests were similar,indicating it was feasible to perform the 3-min step test with remote supervision in CF children.

关键词： Children Cystic fibrosis Exercise test Telehealth

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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders Joseph Nelson Siewe Fodjo Olivia Kamoen Luis-Jorge amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark J.Taylor Julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katja Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Evaluation of the effectiveness of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands for different media

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 820-825页

作者： Antonio Albuquerque José Oliveira Sabrina Semitela Leonor amaral Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture and C-MADE University of Beira Interior Municipality of Penamacor Department of Sciences and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Sciences and TechnologyNew University of Lisbon

Two media bed （gravel and Filtralite NR） were tested in a mesocosm to evaluate the removal of organic matter （as chemical oxygen demand （COD））, ammonia （NH4-N）, nitrite, nitrate and solid matter （as total suspended solids （TSS）） for a synthetic wastewater （acetate-based） and a domestic wastewater. The use of Filtralite allowed average removal rates （6--16.8 g COD/（m^2·day）, 0.8-1.1 g NH4-N/（m^2·day） and 3.1 g TSS/（m^2·day）） and removal efficiencies （65%-93%, 57%-85% and 78% for COD, NH4-N and TSS, respectively）, higher than that observed in the experiments with gravel. The applied loads of COD, ammonia, nitrate and TSS seem to influence the respective removal rates but only for the treatment of domestic wastewater with nigher correlation coefficients for Filtralite. Regardless the type of media bed and the type of wastewater, nitrate was completely removed for nitrogen loading rates up to 1.3 g NO3-N/（m^2·day）. There was no evidence of the influence of nitrate loads on the removal of organic matter.

关键词： media bed constructed wetlands pollutants removal rates

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Recent advances on quasi-solid-state electrolytes for supercapacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 697-717页

作者： Murilo M.amaral Raissa Venâncio Alfredo C.Peterlevitz Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesCarbon Sci-Tech Labs and Manufacturing GroupSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil

Solid-state and quasi-solid-state electrolytes have been attracting the scientific community’s attention in the last decade. These electrolytes provide significant advantages, such as the absence of leakage and separators for devices and safety for users. They also allow the assembly of stretchable and bendable supercapacitors. Comparing solid-state to quasi-solid-states, the last provides the most significant energy and power densities due to the better ionic conductivity. Our goal here is to present recent advances on quasisolid-state electrolytes, including gel-polymer electrolytes. We reviewed the most recent literature on quasi-solid-state electrolytes with different solvents for supercapacitors. Organic quasi-solid-state electrolytes need greater attention once they reach an excellent working voltage window greater than 2.5 ***, aqueous-based solid-state electrolytes have a restricted voltage window to less than 2 V. On the other hand, they are easier to handle, provide greater ionic conductivity and capacitance. Recent water-in-salt polymer-electrolytes have shown stability as great as 2 V encouraging further development in aqueous-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes. Moreover, hydrophilic conductive polymers have great commercial appeal for bendable devices. Thus, these electrolytes can be employed in flexible and bendable devices, favoring the improvement of portable electronics and wearable devices(376 references were evaluated and summarized here).

关键词： Quasi-solid-state electrolyte Gel-polymer electrolyte Flexible supercapacitor Wearables

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