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Relationship between Selected Physiographic Features and Landslide Occurrence around Four Hydropower Projects in Bhagirathi Valley of Uttarakhand, Western Himalaya, India

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第10期5卷 1088-1099页

作者： Hari Ballabh Srinivasan Pillay girish chandra Singh Negi Kamleshan Pillay School of Agricultural Earth & Environmental Sciences College of Science and Agriculture University of KwaZulu-Natal Westville Campus Durban South Africa G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Kosi-Katarmal Almora India

The Himalayan mountain range is an internationally recognised landscape but one under increasing developmental threat. The lower Himalayan region possesses immense potential for hydropower generation but is also highly susceptible to tectonic deformation and mass wasting, especially landslides. Susceptibility to landslides increases markedly with human activity, especially large scale developmental projects. The impacts of massive hydropower plant construction in the Bhagirathi Valley, Uttarkhand, India on the generation of landslides are the focus of this study. Whilst many positive impacts derive from such projects, devastating negative impacts also accrue. The frequency and characteristics of land sliding within the sphere of influence of the construction sites of the various hydropower plant components were investigated. Landslide frequency was related to parameters of geology, prior land use, drainage density, slope steepness and location in terms of construction aspect. Landslide frequency was found to be greatest in gneissic terrain as well as on previously agricultural and forested lands. Statistical analysis revealed significant relationships between landslide frequency with slope and, frequency with construction aspect, especially the construction of access roads. As with other studies, road construction is the key initiator of land sliding due to slope over steepening and the indiscriminate dumping of debris. The study concludes with recommendations for reducing the frequency and magnitude of mass wasting in this environment.

关键词： Landslide Himalayas Bhagirathi Valley Development Hydropower Plants

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Current focus of stem cell application in retinal repair

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第3期7卷 641-648页

作者： Maria L Alonso-Alonso girish Kumar Srivastava Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiologia Aplicada (IOBA) Universidad de Valladolid 47011 Valladolid Spain Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y Leon 47011 Valladolid Spain

The relevance of retinal diseases, both in society's economy and in the quality of people's life who suffer with them, has made stem cell therapy an interesting topic forresearch. Embryonic stem cells(ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADMSCs) are the focus in current endeavors as a source of different retinal cells, such as photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial cells. The aim is to apply them for cell replacement as an option for treating retinal diseases which so far are untreatable in their advanced stage. ESCs, despite the great potential for differentiation, have the dangerous risk of teratoma formation as well as ethical issues, which must be resolved before starting a clinical trial. i PSCs, like ESCs, are able to differentiate in to several types of retinal cells. However, the process to get them for personalized cell therapy has a high cost in terms of time and money. Researchers are working to resolve this since i PSCs seem to be a realistic option for treating retinal diseases. ADMSCs have the advantage that the procedures to obtain them are easier. Despite advancements in stem cell application, there are still several challenges that need to be overcome before transferring the research results to clinical application. This paper reviews recent research achievements of the applications of these three types of stem cells as well as clinical trials currently based on them.

关键词： Retina Adipose derived mesenchymal stemcells Embryonic stem cells Induced pluripotent stemcells Cell therapy

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Systematic review on the risk-benefit ratio of morphine for acute heart failure

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Journal of Acute Disease 2023年第3期12卷 89-95页

作者： Rushikesh S.Haridas Sheetal Shelke girish Patrike Deepak Patil Sainath Dhumal Department of General Medicine Vilasrao Deshmukh Government Medical CollegeLaturIndia Department of Otorhinolaryngology MIMSR Medical CollegeLaturIndia Department of General Medicine Dr.Balasaheb Vikhe Patil Rural Medical CollegeLoniIndia Department of General Medicine MIMSR Medical CollegeLaturIndia

Objective:To evaluate morphine's risk-benefit profile in the treatment of acute heart ***:Different electronic databases,including PubMed,MEDLINE,Cochrane Library,and Google Scholar,as well as ***,were searched for articles published between 2012 and *** risk of bias in the present study was evaluated by employing randomized controlled trials(RCTs)checklist that assesses the effectiveness of new interventions through random assignment of participants to different treatment *** two-part tool was used to address the five specific domains such as selection bias,performance bias,detection bias,attrition bias,and selective reporting *** of the quality of diagnostic accuracy studies was conducted using the RevMan software(version 5.4),a quality assessment ***:A total of 13 studies were included in the present review,in which there were 5 retrospective studies,3 randomized-control studies,2 prospective studies,1 multicenter pharmacodynamics study,1 multicenter cardiac magnetic resonance imaging study,and 1 open-label,cross-over *** mortality of acute heart failure patients treated with morphine was higher compared to those without ***:Acute heart failure patients who do not receive morphine have a lower mortality rate compared to those who receive *** the adverse effects,including mortality associated with morphine,there is a pressing need for further research to explore alternative and effective treatment options in acute heart failure.

关键词： Acute heart failure Hospital mortality Morphine Side-effects Invasive ventilation

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Correlation of Cognitive Performance and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Adolescents with Subclinical Hypothyroidism

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期4卷 169-175页

作者： A. R. Somashekar Vishnu girish chandrika Rao Nandigudi Srinivas Murthy Department of Patents and Research M.S.Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital Gokula Education Foundation Bangalore India Department of Pediatrics M.S.Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital Bangalore India M.S.Ramaiah Medical College and Hospital Bangalore India

Subclinical hypothyroidism (Sch) can negatively affect cognitive functioning. This study aimed at correlating serum T3, T4, TSH with adolescent’s performance on a learning disability scale. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 schoolchildren, (10 - 15 years). Thyroid hormones were estimated and classified into two groups: euthyroid and subclinical hypothyroid. NIMHANS index for Specific Learning Disabilities was used to assess the learning ability and cognitive functions. Results: Subclinical hypothyroid group made more mistakes than euthyroid group. In Sch male group, T3 correlated with language and T4 levels correlated in all areas except in language. In the females, there is no significant correlation between T3 and ability parameters except in partial correlation coeffeicient among euthyroid children in arithmetic, visual-motor skills and memory. T4 results did not correlate in language skills. There was a statistical significance between T4 and ability skills in girls except in language. TSH and language skills correlated in females. Conclusion: T3 and T4 levels have correlation with cognitive skills other than TSH. It is necessary to measure both T3 and T4 in addition to TSH in adolescents.

关键词： Subclinical Hypothyroidism Adolescent Cognitive Performance Thyroid Hormones

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Targeting of Androgen Receptor Expression by Andro-miRs as Novel Adjunctive Therapeutics in Prostate Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第4期4卷 47-58页

作者： Jey Sabith Ebron Crystal M. Weyman girish C. Shukla Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease Cleveland State University Cleveland USA Department of Biological Environmental Sciences Cleveland State University Cleveland USA

Prostate cancer begins as an androgen-responsive disease. However, subsequent accumulation of multiple sequential genetic and epigenetic alterations transforms the disease into an aggressive, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The monoallelic Androgen Receptor (AR) is associated with the onset, growth and development of Prostate cancer. The AR is a ligand-dependent transcription factor, and the targeting of androgen- and AR-signaling axis remains the primary therapeutic option for Prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. A durable and functional disruption of AR signaling pathways combining both traditional and novel therapeutics is likely to provide better treatment options for CRPC. Recent work has indicated that expression of AR is modulated at the posttranscriptional level by regulatory miRNAs. Due to a relatively long 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of AR mRNA, the posttranscription expression is likely to be regulated by hundreds of miRNAs in normal as well as in disease state. The main objective of the article is to offer a thought-provoking concept of “andro-miRs” and their potential application in AR gene expression targeting. This new paradigm for targeting constitutively active AR and its tumor specific splicing isoforms using andro-miRs may pave the way for a novel adjunctive therapy and improved treatment of CRPC.

关键词： Androgen Receptor microRNA 3’ Untranslated Region Prostate Cancer Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) Andro-miR

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Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in retinal and optic nerve diseases: An update of clinical trials

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第11期8卷 376-383页

作者： Sonia Labrador-Velandia María Luz Alonso-Alonso Sara Alvarez-Sanchez Jorge González-Zamora Irene Carretero-Barrio José Carlos Pastor Iván Fernandez-Bueno girish Kumar Srivastava Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada Universidad de Valladolid 47011 Valladolid Spain Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Valladolid 47005 Valladolid Spain Centro en Red de Medicina Regenerativa y Terapia Celular de Castilla y León 47011 Valladolid Spain Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos Ⅲ. Oftared 28029 Madrid Spain Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid 47003 Valladolid Spain

Retinal and optic nerve diseases are degenerative ocular pathologies which lead to irreversible visual loss. Since the advanced therapies availability, cell-based therapies offer a new all-encompassing approach. Advances in the knowledge of neuroprotection, immunomodulation and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have been obtained by several preclinical studies of various neurodegenerative diseases. It has provided the opportunity to perform the translation of this knowledge to prospective treatment approaches for clinical practice. Since 2008, several first steps projecting new treatment approaches, have been taken regarding the use of cell therapy in patients with neurodegenerative pathologies of optic nerve and retina. Most of the clinical trials using MSCs are in Ⅰ/Ⅱ phase, recruiting patients or ongoing, and they have as main objective the safety assessment of MSCs using various routes of administration. However, it is important to recognize that, there is still a long way to go to reach clinical trials phase Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Hence, it is necessary to continue preclinical and clinical studies to improve this new therapeutic tool. This paper reviews the latest progress of MSCs in human clinical trials for retinal and optic nerve diseases.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Cell therapy Optic nerve diseases Clinical trials Retinal diseases

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The Effect of Intraperitoneal Ropivacaine for Post-Operative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Control Study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2013年第3期3卷 193-198页

作者： Dinesh Singh Jaishri Bogra Sulekha Saxena Ajay chaudhary Shashi Bhusan girish chandra Department of Anaesthesia KG’s MU Lucknow India.

Objective: To compare the effect of intraperitoneal ropivacaine with placebo for post-operative pain management in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Material and Methods: All patients were pre-medicated with glycopyrrolate 0.2 mg, ondansetron 4 mg and ranitidine 150 mg intravenously half an hour prior to induction of anesthesia. All patients were given standard general anaesthesia with propofol (2-2.5 mg/kg), fentanyl 2 μg/kg, and succinylcholine (2 mg/kg) to facilitate tracheal intubation. Anesthesia was maintained with 60% N2O in oxygen with 0.5% to 1% Halothane. Group A: Patients received 20 ml of 0.9% normal saline as placebo (n = 25). Group B: Patients received 20 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine (n = 25). Results: The age and sex distribution of both the groups was similar. The heart rate, systolic & diastolic blood pressure, mean blood pressure and mean trend of SpO2 in both groups remained similar over the periods. The mean VAS varied considerably within (between time) and between the groups (treatment) and was especially comparatively higher in Group A at initial hours 15 min to 30 min and at end hours 12-24 hrs as compared with Group B. On an average, the frequent dosing of rescue analgesia and mean No. of rescue analgesia doses were higher in Group A followed by Group B. In both groups, the treatment related adverse events were mostly emetic symptoms and shoulder pain with the highest being in Group A. Conclusion: We conclude that intraperitoneal instillation of local anaesthetic is an easy, cheap, and non-invasive method which provides good analgesia in the immediate postoperative period after laparoscopic surgery.

关键词： Intraperitoneal Bupivacaine cholecystectomy Anaesthetic

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Performance Evaluation of OFDM Coding System Using Concatenated Bch and LDPC Codes

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2017年第5期10卷 67-77页

作者： H. Gagan R. Manas N. G. girish Kumar Department of Electronics and Communication Bangalore Institute of Technology Bengaluru India Bangalore Institute of Technology Bengaluru India

This paper establishes a resilient concatenated coding platform for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) over Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel. At the Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding unit, our proposed concatenated coding scheme utilizes standard type of Bch as external coding and LDPC as inner coding. In this scheme, Interleaver inclusion is seen as a catalyst to enhance the systems performance.

关键词： Concatenated Codes OFDM LDPC Bch Interleaver

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Understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer prevention by dietary phytochemicals:From experimental models to clinical trials

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World Journal of Biological chemistry 2016年第1期7卷 88-99页

作者： girish B Maru Rasika R Hudlikar Gaurav Kumar Khushboo Gandhi Manoj B Mahimkar Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC)Tata Memorial Centre (TMC)

chemoprevention is one of the cancer prevention approaches wherein natural/synthetic agent(s) are prescribed with the aim to delay or disrupt multiple pathways and processes involved at multiple steps, i.e., initiation, promotion, and progression of cancer. Amongst environmental chemopreventive compounds, diet/beverage-derived components are under evaluation, because of their long history of exposure to humans, high tolerability, low toxicity, and reported biological activities. This compilation briefly covers and compares the available evidence on chemopreventive efficacy and probable mechanism of chemoprevention by selected dietary phytochemicals(capsaicin, curcumin, diallyl sulphide, genistein, green/black tea polyphenols, indoles, lycopene, phenethyl isocyanate, resveratrol, retinoids and tocopherols) in experimental systems and clinical trials. All the dietary phytochemicals covered in this review have demonstrated chemopreventive efficacy against spontaneous or carcinogen-induced experimental tumors and/or associated biomarkers and processes in rodents at several organ sites. The observed anti-initiating, anti-promoting and anti-progression activity of dietary phytochemicals in carcinogen-induced experimental models involve phytochemical-mediated redox changes, modulation of enzymes and signaling kinases resulting to effects on multiple genes and cell signaling pathways. Results from clinical trials using these compounds have not shown them to be chemopreventive. This may be due to our:(1) inability to reproduce the exposure conditions, i.e., levels, complexity, other host and lifestyle factors; and(2) lack of understanding about the mechanisms of action and agent-mediated toxicity in several organs and physiological processes in the host. Current research efforts in addressing the issues of exposure conditions, bioavailability, toxicity and the mode of action of dietary phytochemicals may help address the reason for observed mismatch that may ultimately lead

关键词： Cancer prevention Dietary phytochemicals chemoprevention Experimental efficacy Mechanisms of action Clinical trials Bioavailability Toxicity

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Efficacy of Plerixafor for Peripheral Stem Cell Mobilisation in Autologous Transplantation: A Single Centre Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第8期11卷 483-490页

作者： Kiran Pura Krishnamurthy D. V. Ganesha girish Badarkhe Diganta Hazarika Radheshyam Naik Department of Medical Oncology HealthCare Global Enterprises Ltd. Bangalore India Department of Medical Oncology St John’s Medical College Hospital Bangalore India Department of Hematology Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd. Bangalore India Department of Pathology Healthcare Global Enterprises Ltd. Bangalore India

Plerixafor is a stem cell mobilising agent, and when administered along with G-CSF has been shown to improve CD34+ stem cell collections in lymphoma and multiple myeloma patients compared to G-CSF alone. Patients who failed to mobilize 6 cells/kg on Day 1 collection received Plerixafor and G CSF for further collections. Study population was divided into two groups as plerixafor yes (PY) who are poor mobilizers and Plerixafor No (PN) who are good mobilizers. Out of 49 patients, 28 patients were in PY group and 21 patients in PN group. Median value of apheresis CD34 of day 1 was 1.75 (range 0.258 to 8.52) in PY group and 2.63 (range 1.06 to 6.29) in PN group and that of day 2 was 3.845 (range 0.317 to 13.89) in PY group and 3.18 (range 0.88 to 6.348) in PN group. Median value of total apheresis CD34 was 8.10 (range 4.33 to 18.66) in PY group and 7.58 (range 4.06 to 9.8) in PN group. Median day of neutrophil engraftment was 11.5 (range 9 - 22) in PY group and 11 (range 9 - 36) in PN group whereas median day of platelet engraftment was 14 (range 9 - 98) in PY group and 13 (range 11 - 98) in PN group. It can be concluded that the use of plerixafor not only enabled poor mobilizers of Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma to collect adequate stem cells to proceed to ASCT, but also had early neutrophil and platelet engraftment which was comparable with good mobilizers.

关键词： Plerixafor Poor Mobilizers ASCT

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