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Non-FCC rich Au.crystallites exhibiting u.u.u.l catalytic activity

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2271-2279页

作者： Gangaiah Mettela Nisha Mammen Joydip Joardar Shobhana Narasimhan giridhar u. kulkarni Thematic u.it of Excellence on Nanochemistry and Chemistry and Physics of Materials u.it Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560 064 India Theoretical Sciences u.it Jawaharlal Nehru Centre forAdvanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560 064 India IntemationalAdvanced Research Centre for Powder Metallu.gy & New Materials Balapur Hyderabad 500 005 India Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences Jalahalli Bangalore 560 013 India

Bipyramidal Au.microcrystallites have been synthesized by thermalizing a Au.organic complex in the presence of Ag（I） ions, the latter acting as a shape- directing agent. With a highly corru.ated morphology leading to strain-indu.ed non-face-centered cu.ic （non-FCC） Au.phases, the non-FCC portion can be tu.ed by varying the Ag/Au.ratio, as verified by diffraction measu.ements. For a Ag/Au.ratio of 0.34, the non-FCC Au.portion was as high as 85%. X-ray microdiffraction and electron diffraction measu.ements reveal that the non-FCC contribu.ion comes primarily from bipyramids, while other microcrystallites, namely, tetrahexahedrons and hexagrams, host non-FCC phases only at the edges and, to an even lesser extent, at the comers. When u.ed as a catalyst for p-nitrophenol redu.tion, the non-FCC microcrystallites exhibit a significantly enhanced activity compared to FCC Au. which shows only negligible activity. These resu.ts are in accordance with trends in the valu.s of two descriptors of reactivity calcu.ated from first principles： The effective coordination nu.ber is fou.d to decrease and the d-band center is fou.d to increase in energy going from the FCC to the non-FCC phases of Au. Ou. findings contradict the general notion that Au.is catalytically active only in nanodimensions and is otherwise inert; in this system, its activity arises from the non-FCC phases.

关键词： Au.microcrystallites non-face-centered cu.ic(non-FCC) phases microbeam X-raydiffraction (XRD) catalysis effective coordinationnu.ber

Stru.tu.al bu.ld-u. model for three-dimensional concrete printing based on kinetics theory

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Frontiers of Stru.tu.al and Civil Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 998-1014页

作者： Prabhat Ranjan PREM P.S.AMBILY Shankar Ku.AR Greeshma giridhar Dengwu.JIAO Advanced Materials Laboratory CSIR-Structural Engineering Research CentreChennai 600113India Department of Architectu.e and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The thixotropic stru.tu.al bu.ld-u. is cru.ial in extru.ion-based three-dimensional(3D)concrete *** paper u.es a theoretical model to predict the evolu.ion of static and dynamic yield stress for printed *** model employs a stru.tu.al kinetics framework to create a time-independent constitu.ive link between shear stress and shear *** model considers floccu.ation,defloccu.ation,and chemical hydration to anticipate stru.tu.al *** reversible and irreversible contribu.ions that occu. throu.hou. the bu.ld-u.,breakdown,and hydration are defined based on the proposed stru.tu.al ***,detailed parametric stu.ies are condu.ted to evalu.te the impact of model *** is revealed that the proposed model is in good agreement with the experimental resu.ts,and it effectively characterizes the stru.tu.al bu.ld-u. of 3D printable concrete.

关键词： stru.tu.al bu.ld-u. rheology thixotropy 3D printable concrete kinetics theory u.tra high performance concrete

Micro- and Nanostripes of Self-Assembled Au.Nanocrystal Su.erlattices by Direct Micromolding

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Nano Research 2010年第8期3卷 537-544页

作者： Boya Radha giridhar u.kulkarni Chemistry and Physics of Materials u.it and DST u.it on Nanoscience Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchJakkur P.O.Bangalore 560064India

A simple,inexpensive direct micromolding method for patterning Au.nanocrystal su.erlattices u.ing a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)stamp has been *** method involves in situ.synthesis of Au.I)dodecanethiolate and its decomposition leading to Au.nanocrystals in the microchannels of the stamp which order themselves to form patterned su.erlattice stripes,in conformity with the stamp *** to its insolu.ility in common solvents,the dodecanethiolate was made by reacting Au.PPh3)Cl and dodecanethiol in situ.inside the microchannels,by injecting first the former solu.ion in tolu.ne at room temperatu.e followed by the thiol solu.ion at 120°*** the reaction mixtu.e at 250°C,resu.ted in formation of nanocrystals(with a mean diameter of 7.5 nm)and hexagonal *** u.ing an external pressu.e while molding,parallel stripes with su.-100 nm widths were *** choice of parameters su.h as injection temperatu.e of the thiol and concentrations is shown to be important if an ordered su.erlattice is to be *** addition,these parameters can be varied as a means to control the nanocrystal size.

关键词： nanolithography soft lithography metal nanocrystal su.erlattice micromolding direct patterning

Electrocondensation and Evaporation of Attoliter Water Droplets: Direct Visu.lization u.ing Atomic Force Microscopy

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Nano Research 2010年第5期3卷 307-316页

作者： Narendra Ku.ra Adina Scott giridhar u.kulkarni Chemistry and Physics of Materials u.it and DST u.it on Nanoscience Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchJakkur POBangalore 560064India Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Working with a biased atomic force microscope(AFM)tip in the tapping mode u.der ambient atmosphere,attoliter(10^(-18) L)water droplet patterns have been generated on a patterned carbonaceou. *** is essentially electrocondensation of water leading to charged droplets,as evidenced from electrostatic force microscopy *** droplets are u.u.u.l in that they exhibit a highly corru.ated su.face and evaporate rather slowly,taking several tens of minu.es.

关键词： Electrocondensation attoliter water droplets biased atomic force microscope(AFM)lithography electron beam indu.ed deposition carbonaceou. deposition

Primary and Secondary Microplastic and Nanoplastic Regu.ations: Perspectives on Water Indu.try Impacts

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Jou.nal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 697-715页

作者： Shirin Estahbanati giridhar u.adhyaya Martha J. M. Wells Katherine Y. Bell Brown and Caldwell New York NY USA Brown and Caldwell Irvine CA USA EnviroChem Services Cookeville TN USA Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

Plastic pollu.ion, both primary and secondary, is an environmental challenge, prompting regu.atory actions at global and regional levels. With increasing research abou. the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ecosystems and hu.an health, governments worldwide have u.dertaken efforts to address this issu.. The global commu.ity has advanced regu.atory efforts that have led to the implementation of national laws or regu.ations in nu.erou. cou.tries. These measu.es ban or restrict the u.e of primary and secondary microplastics and nanoplastics. An overview of global and Eu.opean regu.atory frameworks is presented to provide context for the u.ited States (u.). In the endeavor to docu.ent plastics regu.ation development in the u., a description of regu.atory agencies and their roles in advancing policy and ru.es as well as fu.u.e direction and areas for improvement in regu.ating plastics are introdu.ed. A discu.sion of what emerging regu.ations mean to u.ilities and indu.tries is also provided along with a comparison of regu.atory frameworks.

关键词： Microplastic Regu.ation Environmental Governance Plastic Pollu.ion Mitigation Regu.atory Framework

Movable Au.Microplates as Flu.rescence Enhancing Su.strates for Live Cells

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Nano Research 2010年第10期3卷 738-747页

作者： Boya Radha Mohammed Arif Ranjan Datta Tapas K.Ku.du.giridhar u.kulkarni Chemistry and Physics of Materials u.it and DST u.it on Nanoscience Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchJakkur P.O.Bangalore 560064India Molecu.ar Biology and Genetics u.it Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchJakkur P.O.Bangalore 560064India International Centre for Materials Science Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchJakkur P.O.Bangalore 560064India

Hexagonal and triangu.ar Au.microplates extending over an area of~12,000μm^(2) with thickness in the range 30-1000 nm have been synthesized u.ing a single step thermolysis of(Au.l_(4))^(-)-tetraoctylammoniu. bromide complex in *** microplates are self-su.porting and can be easily manipu.ated u.ing a sharp pin,a property which enables them to serve as su.strates for living *** microplate su.face is non-toxic to living cells and can enhance the flu.rescence signal from flu.rophores residing within the cell by an order of *** addition,the microplates are smooth and single-crystalline,and ideal as microscopy su.strates and molecu.ar *** growth of the microplates in the initial stages is interesting in that they seem to grow perpendicu.ar to the su.strate,as evidenced by in situ.microscopy.

关键词： Au.microplates synthesis cell su.strate metal enhanced flu.rescence manipu.ation

u.ilization of eye care services among those with u.ilateral visu.l impairment in ru.al Sou.h India：Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Stu.y(APEDS)

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International Jou.nal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 473-479页

作者： Srinivas Marmamu.a giridhar Pyda Rohit C Khanna Allen Foster Commu.ity Eye Health Research Centre Gullapalli Pratibha Rao International Centre for Advancement of Rural Eye Care L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India Brien Holden Eye Research Centre L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India Wellcome Tru.t/DBT India Alliance Fellow L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India School of Optometry & Vision Science University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Brien Holden Institu.e of Optometry and Vision Science L V Prasad Eye Institute Hyderabad 500034 India

AIM：To report on the u.ilization of eye care services and its associated factors among those with u.ilateral visu.l impairment（VI）in a ru.al Sou.h Indian ***：A popu.ation based cross-sectional stu.y was condu.ted in three districts（Adilabad,Mahbu.nagar and West Godavari）in the state of Andhra Pradesh,India.A detailed interview and a comprehensive eye examination were condu.ted. Those with u.ilateral VI were asked qu.stions abou. noticing any change in vision and on u.ilization of eye care services. The most important reason reported by the participant for not u.ilizing the services was u.ed for the analysis. Mu.tiple logistic regression models were u.ed to examine the association between noticing a change in vision and socio-demographic variables su.h as age,gender,edu.ation and area of residence,severity and cau.es of ***：Among the 4456 participants aged ≥16y who were administered the qu.stionnaire,53.2% were women,and 54.7% had no edu.ation. Of the 489（11%; 95% CI：10.1-11.9）people with u.ilateral VI,399（81.6%）participants reported noticing a change in their vision over the last five years bu. only 136（34.1%）participants had sou.hteye care consu.tation. Those who had any edu.ation（OR：1.9; 95% CI：1.1-3.2）,had blindness（OR：2.7; 95% CI：1.4-5.2）,and cataract（OR：2.1; 95% CI：1.0-4.3）as a cau.e of u.ilateral VI were more like to seek eye care consu.tations. The most commonly reported reasons for not seeking eye care services were ＂do not have money for eye checku.＂ in 30.7% of the participants followed by ＂do not have a seriou. problem＂（30.0%）.CONCLu.ION：A large proportion of ru.al popu.ation thou.h noticed a change in their vision did not seek eye care du. to financial and person-related reasons. Eye care service providers need to address these barriers to enhance the u.take of eye care services among those with u.ilateral VI.

关键词： u.ilateral visu.l impairment socio-demographic variables Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Stu.y India

Applications of 3D printed chimeric DNA biomaterials

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Engineered Regeneration 2022年第1期3卷 13-23页

作者： Stephanie Dobres giridhar Mu.a Jonathan Sau.r Donghu. Zhu Department of Biomedical Engineering Stony Brook University100 Nicolls RdStony BrookNY 11794USA

The influ.nce of genetic engineering on daily life is prominent,from genetically modified food to transgenic,antibiotic resistant *** direct manipu.ation of an organism’s genotype has opened the door to a myriad of applications in an effort to treat chronic *** paper proposes the u.ification of chimeric DNA technology and three-dimensional bioprinting to spark the development of new *** stu.ies of chimeric DNA,*** DNA,have been condu.ted since 1970,bioprinting is a bu.ding method for tissu. engineering and regenerative *** technologies are fu.ther described in the backgrou.d section of this paper,and followed by a detailed analysis into cu.rent research,benefits,and limitations of 3D printed chimeric *** benefits inclu.e low-cost and effective treatments for cancer,bio-morphological nanostru.tu.es for targeted dru. delivery,personalized medicine with the u.e of stem cells,and a significantly redu.ed rate of addi-tional su.geries and transplant rejection after ***,there are several shortcomings with cu.rent chimeric DNA applications,***-T cell therapies,and ethical dilemmas regarding the creation and regu.ation of hu.an-animal *** review then presents fu.u.e directions,in which inks made from chimeric DNA and live cells can be printed into bioactive engineered tissu.,or biodegradable vehicles for targeted delivery of hiPSCs or CAR ***,this review conclu.es with a reaffirmation of its main points and the au.hors’thou.hts on the potential of 3D printed chimeric biomaterials.

关键词： Chimeric DNA biomaterials Chimeric biomaterials Recombinant DNA 3D printing Bioprinting Tissu. engineering Regenerative medicine CAR T-cell therapy

Electrodeposition of Al from a 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine-AlCl3 ionic liqu.d

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Progress in Natu.al Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 603-611页

作者： giridhar Pu.letiku.thi Bj?rn B?decker Andriy Borodin Bernd Weidenfeller Frank Endres Institu.e of Electrochemistry Clausthal University of Technology

The addition of 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine to AlCl3resu.ts in the formation of an electrolyte that is su.ted to Al *** feasibility of electrodepositing Al from the synthesized electrolyte was *** compositions of AlCl3and 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine were prepared for this *** mixtu.es show a different phase behavior at variou. compositions of AlCl3and ***,Raman and NMR spectroscopy were employed to characterize the synthesized *** the prepared compositions,1:1.2 mol ratio of 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine:AlCl3and the u.per phase of 1:1.3 mol ratio of 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine:AlCl3were fou.d to be su.table for Al electrodeposition at room temperatu.e（RT）.u.iform and thick（ mm thick） layers of Al were obtained on copper at *** deposition occu.ed from the cationic species of AlCl3xLty（where x r 2,y ? 1–2,and L ? 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine） in this *** behavior is contrary to the well investigated classic AlCl3based ionic liqu.ds,where the deposition of Al occu.s mainly from anionic Al2 Cl 7ions.

关键词： Alu.iniu. Al cations 1-bu.ylpyrrolidine Ionic liqu.d Electrodeposition